Simulations and Experiments of Soil Temperature Distribution after 2.45 GHz Long-Term Microwave Treatment
Soil disinfection is an important agronomic measure to prevent soil-borne diseases, insects, weeds and other hazards. Based on the premise of being environmentally friendly, microwave soil disinfection can improve crop yield and quality in a pollution-free, residue-free and green way. The law of mic...
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MDPI AG
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Agriculture |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/12/7/909 |
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| author | Xiaohe Sun Chunjiang Zhao Shuo Yang Haolin Ma Changyuan Zhai |
| author_facet | Xiaohe Sun Chunjiang Zhao Shuo Yang Haolin Ma Changyuan Zhai |
| author_sort | Xiaohe Sun |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Soil disinfection is an important agronomic measure to prevent soil-borne diseases, insects, weeds and other hazards. Based on the premise of being environmentally friendly, microwave soil disinfection can improve crop yield and quality in a pollution-free, residue-free and green way. The law of microwave soil heating is the theoretical basis of microwave soil disinfection. Therefore, in this paper, loess soil of North China and black soil of Northeast China are used as test materials to explore the law of soil heating under the action of microwaves. First, COMSOL Multiphysics software was used to simulate the temperature field change in the microwave-irradiated soil, and a simulation model of the temperature field of the microwave-irradiated soil was constructed to analyze the effective working range and temperature distribution characteristics of the microwave-irradiated soil. Second, using the 2.45 GHz microwave treatment, the following conditions were tested: soil moisture conditions of 10%, 15%, 20% and 23% (within the natural moisture content range). The loess and black soil were treated by microwave irradiation for 1~12 min, respectively (1 min/time increment). A single-factor experiment was designed to explore the influence of these factors on the soil heating law. The results show that the two soil surface temperatures are positively correlated with the soil moisture content, both of which satisfy T<sub>surface23%</sub> > T<sub>surface20%</sub> > T<sub>surface15%</sub> > T<sub>surface10%</sub>, and the surface temperature of black soil is higher than that of loess. According to the experimental results of the internal temperature distribution of loess and black soil irradiated by microwaves, the surface equations of “irradiation time–soil depth-soil temperature” and “irradiation time–soil moisture content–soil temperature” were constructed by surface fitting. When the irradiation time and moisture conditions are the same, the average temperature inside the irradiation area satisfies <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mover accent="true"><mi>T</mi><mo stretchy="true">¯</mo></mover></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula><sub>α black soil</sub> > <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mover accent="true"><mi>T</mi><mo stretchy="true">¯</mo></mover></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula><sub>α loess</sub>. The results of long-term microwave soil heating preliminarily confirmed the feasibility of microwave soil disinfection and the optimal conditions of microwave irradiation in loess of North China and Northeast black soil, which provides a certain reference for the study of soil-borne diseases inactivation at high temperature. |
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| spelling | doaj.art-8e6cb00dff214806a11f4464bd09a4572023-12-03T14:28:42ZengMDPI AGAgriculture2077-04722022-06-0112790910.3390/agriculture12070909Simulations and Experiments of Soil Temperature Distribution after 2.45 GHz Long-Term Microwave TreatmentXiaohe Sun0Chunjiang Zhao1Shuo Yang2Haolin Ma3Changyuan Zhai4Intelligent Equipment Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, ChinaCollege of Resources and Environment, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, ChinaIntelligent Equipment Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, ChinaIntelligent Equipment Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, ChinaIntelligent Equipment Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, ChinaSoil disinfection is an important agronomic measure to prevent soil-borne diseases, insects, weeds and other hazards. Based on the premise of being environmentally friendly, microwave soil disinfection can improve crop yield and quality in a pollution-free, residue-free and green way. The law of microwave soil heating is the theoretical basis of microwave soil disinfection. Therefore, in this paper, loess soil of North China and black soil of Northeast China are used as test materials to explore the law of soil heating under the action of microwaves. First, COMSOL Multiphysics software was used to simulate the temperature field change in the microwave-irradiated soil, and a simulation model of the temperature field of the microwave-irradiated soil was constructed to analyze the effective working range and temperature distribution characteristics of the microwave-irradiated soil. Second, using the 2.45 GHz microwave treatment, the following conditions were tested: soil moisture conditions of 10%, 15%, 20% and 23% (within the natural moisture content range). The loess and black soil were treated by microwave irradiation for 1~12 min, respectively (1 min/time increment). A single-factor experiment was designed to explore the influence of these factors on the soil heating law. The results show that the two soil surface temperatures are positively correlated with the soil moisture content, both of which satisfy T<sub>surface23%</sub> > T<sub>surface20%</sub> > T<sub>surface15%</sub> > T<sub>surface10%</sub>, and the surface temperature of black soil is higher than that of loess. According to the experimental results of the internal temperature distribution of loess and black soil irradiated by microwaves, the surface equations of “irradiation time–soil depth-soil temperature” and “irradiation time–soil moisture content–soil temperature” were constructed by surface fitting. When the irradiation time and moisture conditions are the same, the average temperature inside the irradiation area satisfies <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mover accent="true"><mi>T</mi><mo stretchy="true">¯</mo></mover></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula><sub>α black soil</sub> > <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mover accent="true"><mi>T</mi><mo stretchy="true">¯</mo></mover></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula><sub>α loess</sub>. The results of long-term microwave soil heating preliminarily confirmed the feasibility of microwave soil disinfection and the optimal conditions of microwave irradiation in loess of North China and Northeast black soil, which provides a certain reference for the study of soil-borne diseases inactivation at high temperature.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/12/7/909long-term microwavesoil disinfectiontemperature fieldsoil typeheating law |
| spellingShingle | Xiaohe Sun Chunjiang Zhao Shuo Yang Haolin Ma Changyuan Zhai Simulations and Experiments of Soil Temperature Distribution after 2.45 GHz Long-Term Microwave Treatment Agriculture long-term microwave soil disinfection temperature field soil type heating law |
| title | Simulations and Experiments of Soil Temperature Distribution after 2.45 GHz Long-Term Microwave Treatment |
| title_full | Simulations and Experiments of Soil Temperature Distribution after 2.45 GHz Long-Term Microwave Treatment |
| title_fullStr | Simulations and Experiments of Soil Temperature Distribution after 2.45 GHz Long-Term Microwave Treatment |
| title_full_unstemmed | Simulations and Experiments of Soil Temperature Distribution after 2.45 GHz Long-Term Microwave Treatment |
| title_short | Simulations and Experiments of Soil Temperature Distribution after 2.45 GHz Long-Term Microwave Treatment |
| title_sort | simulations and experiments of soil temperature distribution after 2 45 ghz long term microwave treatment |
| topic | long-term microwave soil disinfection temperature field soil type heating law |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/12/7/909 |
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