Research on the Spatial Heterogeneity and Influencing Factors of Air Pollution: A Case Study in Shijiazhuang, China
Rapid urbanization causes serious air pollution and constrains the sustainable development of society. The influencing factors of urban air pollution are complex and diverse. Multiple factors act together to interact in influencing air pollution. However, most of the existing studies on the influenc...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Atmosphere |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/13/5/670 |
| _version_ | 1797501651622297600 |
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| author | Yuan Sun Jian Zeng Aihemaiti Namaiti |
| author_facet | Yuan Sun Jian Zeng Aihemaiti Namaiti |
| author_sort | Yuan Sun |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Rapid urbanization causes serious air pollution and constrains the sustainable development of society. The influencing factors of urban air pollution are complex and diverse. Multiple factors act together to interact in influencing air pollution. However, most of the existing studies on the influencing factors of air pollution lack consideration of the interaction mechanisms between the factors. Using multisource data and geographical detectors, this study analyzed the spatial heterogeneity characteristics of air pollution in Shijiazhuang City, identified its main influencing factors, and analyzed the interaction effects among these factors. The results of spatial heterogeneity analysis indicate that the distribution of aerosol optical depth (AOD) has obvious agglomeration characteristics. High agglomeration areas are concentrated in the eastern plain areas, and low agglomeration areas are concentrated in the western mountainous areas. Forests (<i>q</i> = 0.620), slopes (<i>q</i> = 0.616), elevation (<i>q</i> = 0.579), grasslands (<i>q</i> = 0.534), and artificial surfaces (<i>q</i> = 0.506) are the main individual factors affecting AOD distribution. Among them, natural factors such as topography, ecological space, and wind speed are negatively correlated with AOD values, whereas the opposite is true for human factors such as roads, artificial surfaces, and population. Each factor can barely affect the air pollution status significantly alone, and the explanatory power of all influencing factors showed an improvement through the two-factor enhanced interaction. The associations of elevation ∩ artificial surface (<i>q</i> = 0.625), elevation ∩ NDVI (<i>q</i> = 0.622), and elevation ∩ grassland (<i>q</i> = 0.620) exhibited a high explanatory power on AOD value distribution, suggesting that the combination of multiple factors such as low altitude, high building density, and sparse vegetation can lead to higher AOD values. These results are conducive to the understanding of the air pollution status and its influencing factors, and in future, decision makers should adopt different strategies, as follows: (1) high-density built-up areas should be considered as the key areas of pollution control, and (2) a single-factor pollution control strategy should be avoided, and a multi-factor synergistic optimization strategy should be adopted to take full advantage of the interaction among the factors to address the air pollution problem more effectively. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:21:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8e793f22204f4afc9142d3ea77c842bc |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4433 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:21:36Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Atmosphere |
| spelling | doaj.art-8e793f22204f4afc9142d3ea77c842bc2023-11-23T10:01:01ZengMDPI AGAtmosphere2073-44332022-04-0113567010.3390/atmos13050670Research on the Spatial Heterogeneity and Influencing Factors of Air Pollution: A Case Study in Shijiazhuang, ChinaYuan Sun0Jian Zeng1Aihemaiti Namaiti2School of Architecture, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, ChinaSchool of Architecture, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, ChinaSchool of Architecture, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, ChinaRapid urbanization causes serious air pollution and constrains the sustainable development of society. The influencing factors of urban air pollution are complex and diverse. Multiple factors act together to interact in influencing air pollution. However, most of the existing studies on the influencing factors of air pollution lack consideration of the interaction mechanisms between the factors. Using multisource data and geographical detectors, this study analyzed the spatial heterogeneity characteristics of air pollution in Shijiazhuang City, identified its main influencing factors, and analyzed the interaction effects among these factors. The results of spatial heterogeneity analysis indicate that the distribution of aerosol optical depth (AOD) has obvious agglomeration characteristics. High agglomeration areas are concentrated in the eastern plain areas, and low agglomeration areas are concentrated in the western mountainous areas. Forests (<i>q</i> = 0.620), slopes (<i>q</i> = 0.616), elevation (<i>q</i> = 0.579), grasslands (<i>q</i> = 0.534), and artificial surfaces (<i>q</i> = 0.506) are the main individual factors affecting AOD distribution. Among them, natural factors such as topography, ecological space, and wind speed are negatively correlated with AOD values, whereas the opposite is true for human factors such as roads, artificial surfaces, and population. Each factor can barely affect the air pollution status significantly alone, and the explanatory power of all influencing factors showed an improvement through the two-factor enhanced interaction. The associations of elevation ∩ artificial surface (<i>q</i> = 0.625), elevation ∩ NDVI (<i>q</i> = 0.622), and elevation ∩ grassland (<i>q</i> = 0.620) exhibited a high explanatory power on AOD value distribution, suggesting that the combination of multiple factors such as low altitude, high building density, and sparse vegetation can lead to higher AOD values. These results are conducive to the understanding of the air pollution status and its influencing factors, and in future, decision makers should adopt different strategies, as follows: (1) high-density built-up areas should be considered as the key areas of pollution control, and (2) a single-factor pollution control strategy should be avoided, and a multi-factor synergistic optimization strategy should be adopted to take full advantage of the interaction among the factors to address the air pollution problem more effectively.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/13/5/670air pollutionspatial heterogeneityGeodetectorinfluencing factorsShijiazhuang City |
| spellingShingle | Yuan Sun Jian Zeng Aihemaiti Namaiti Research on the Spatial Heterogeneity and Influencing Factors of Air Pollution: A Case Study in Shijiazhuang, China Atmosphere air pollution spatial heterogeneity Geodetector influencing factors Shijiazhuang City |
| title | Research on the Spatial Heterogeneity and Influencing Factors of Air Pollution: A Case Study in Shijiazhuang, China |
| title_full | Research on the Spatial Heterogeneity and Influencing Factors of Air Pollution: A Case Study in Shijiazhuang, China |
| title_fullStr | Research on the Spatial Heterogeneity and Influencing Factors of Air Pollution: A Case Study in Shijiazhuang, China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Research on the Spatial Heterogeneity and Influencing Factors of Air Pollution: A Case Study in Shijiazhuang, China |
| title_short | Research on the Spatial Heterogeneity and Influencing Factors of Air Pollution: A Case Study in Shijiazhuang, China |
| title_sort | research on the spatial heterogeneity and influencing factors of air pollution a case study in shijiazhuang china |
| topic | air pollution spatial heterogeneity Geodetector influencing factors Shijiazhuang City |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/13/5/670 |
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