Association between poverty, low educational level and smoking with adolescent’s working memory: cross lagged analysis from longitudinal data

BackgroundWorking memory is a crucial element of cognitive function. Previous cross-sectional studies have identified various determinants of working memory in children and adolescents. Nonetheless, no study has yet demonstrated the causal relationship of social determinants with working memory in a...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Hari Wahyu Nugroho, Harsono Salimo, Hartono Hartono, Moh Abdul Hakim, Ari Probandari
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2024-03-01
Series:Frontiers in Public Health
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2024.1341501/full