May the Force Not Be With You During Culture: Eliminating Mechano-Associated Feedback During Culture Preserves Cultured Atrial and Pacemaker Cell Functions
Cultured cardiomyocytes have been shown to possess significant potential as a model for characterization of mechano-Ca2+, mechano-electric, and mechano-metabolic feedbacks in the heart. However, the majority of cultured cardiomyocytes exhibit impaired electrical, mechanical, biochemical, and metabol...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2020-03-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Physiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphys.2020.00163/full |
| _version_ | 1818336422077136896 |
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| author | Noa Kirschner Peretz Sofia Segal Yael Yaniv |
| author_facet | Noa Kirschner Peretz Sofia Segal Yael Yaniv |
| author_sort | Noa Kirschner Peretz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cultured cardiomyocytes have been shown to possess significant potential as a model for characterization of mechano-Ca2+, mechano-electric, and mechano-metabolic feedbacks in the heart. However, the majority of cultured cardiomyocytes exhibit impaired electrical, mechanical, biochemical, and metabolic functions. More specifically, the cells do not beat spontaneously (pacemaker cells) or beat at a rate far lower than their physiological counterparts and self-oscillate (atrial and ventricular cells) in culture. Thus, efforts are being invested in ensuring that cultured cardiomyocytes maintain the shape and function of freshly isolated cells. Elimination of contraction during culture has been shown to preserve the mechano-Ca2+, mechano-electric, and mechano-metabolic feedback loops of cultured cells. This review focuses on pacemaker cells, which reside in the sinoatrial node (SAN) and generate regular heartbeat through the initiation of the heart’s electrical, metabolic, and biochemical activities. In parallel, it places emphasis on atrial cells, which are responsible for bridging the electrical conductance from the SAN to the ventricle. The review provides a summary of the main mechanisms responsible for mechano-electrical, Ca2+, and metabolic feedback in pacemaker and atrial cells and of culture methods existing for both cell types. The work concludes with an explanation of how the elimination of mechano-electrical, mechano-Ca2+, and mechano-metabolic feedbacks during culture results in sustained cultured cell function. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T14:39:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8e9252206aae4b78861746ceeb6b54a7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-042X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T14:39:04Z |
| publishDate | 2020-03-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Physiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-8e9252206aae4b78861746ceeb6b54a72022-12-21T23:41:40ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Physiology1664-042X2020-03-011110.3389/fphys.2020.00163515756May the Force Not Be With You During Culture: Eliminating Mechano-Associated Feedback During Culture Preserves Cultured Atrial and Pacemaker Cell FunctionsNoa Kirschner PeretzSofia SegalYael YanivCultured cardiomyocytes have been shown to possess significant potential as a model for characterization of mechano-Ca2+, mechano-electric, and mechano-metabolic feedbacks in the heart. However, the majority of cultured cardiomyocytes exhibit impaired electrical, mechanical, biochemical, and metabolic functions. More specifically, the cells do not beat spontaneously (pacemaker cells) or beat at a rate far lower than their physiological counterparts and self-oscillate (atrial and ventricular cells) in culture. Thus, efforts are being invested in ensuring that cultured cardiomyocytes maintain the shape and function of freshly isolated cells. Elimination of contraction during culture has been shown to preserve the mechano-Ca2+, mechano-electric, and mechano-metabolic feedback loops of cultured cells. This review focuses on pacemaker cells, which reside in the sinoatrial node (SAN) and generate regular heartbeat through the initiation of the heart’s electrical, metabolic, and biochemical activities. In parallel, it places emphasis on atrial cells, which are responsible for bridging the electrical conductance from the SAN to the ventricle. The review provides a summary of the main mechanisms responsible for mechano-electrical, Ca2+, and metabolic feedback in pacemaker and atrial cells and of culture methods existing for both cell types. The work concludes with an explanation of how the elimination of mechano-electrical, mechano-Ca2+, and mechano-metabolic feedbacks during culture results in sustained cultured cell function.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphys.2020.00163/full23-butanedione-monoximeblebbistatinmechanicssinoatrial nodeventricular |
| spellingShingle | Noa Kirschner Peretz Sofia Segal Yael Yaniv May the Force Not Be With You During Culture: Eliminating Mechano-Associated Feedback During Culture Preserves Cultured Atrial and Pacemaker Cell Functions Frontiers in Physiology 2 3-butanedione-monoxime blebbistatin mechanics sinoatrial node ventricular |
| title | May the Force Not Be With You During Culture: Eliminating Mechano-Associated Feedback During Culture Preserves Cultured Atrial and Pacemaker Cell Functions |
| title_full | May the Force Not Be With You During Culture: Eliminating Mechano-Associated Feedback During Culture Preserves Cultured Atrial and Pacemaker Cell Functions |
| title_fullStr | May the Force Not Be With You During Culture: Eliminating Mechano-Associated Feedback During Culture Preserves Cultured Atrial and Pacemaker Cell Functions |
| title_full_unstemmed | May the Force Not Be With You During Culture: Eliminating Mechano-Associated Feedback During Culture Preserves Cultured Atrial and Pacemaker Cell Functions |
| title_short | May the Force Not Be With You During Culture: Eliminating Mechano-Associated Feedback During Culture Preserves Cultured Atrial and Pacemaker Cell Functions |
| title_sort | may the force not be with you during culture eliminating mechano associated feedback during culture preserves cultured atrial and pacemaker cell functions |
| topic | 2 3-butanedione-monoxime blebbistatin mechanics sinoatrial node ventricular |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphys.2020.00163/full |
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