Percolation Theories for Quantum Networks
Quantum networks have experienced rapid advancements in both theoretical and experimental domains over the last decade, making it increasingly important to understand their large-scale features from the viewpoint of statistical physics. This review paper discusses a fundamental question: how can ent...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Entropy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/25/11/1564 |
| _version_ | 1797459413552857088 |
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| author | Xiangyi Meng Xinqi Hu Yu Tian Gaogao Dong Renaud Lambiotte Jianxi Gao Shlomo Havlin |
| author_facet | Xiangyi Meng Xinqi Hu Yu Tian Gaogao Dong Renaud Lambiotte Jianxi Gao Shlomo Havlin |
| author_sort | Xiangyi Meng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Quantum networks have experienced rapid advancements in both theoretical and experimental domains over the last decade, making it increasingly important to understand their large-scale features from the viewpoint of statistical physics. This review paper discusses a fundamental question: how can entanglement be effectively and indirectly (e.g., through intermediate nodes) distributed between distant nodes in an imperfect quantum network, where the connections are only partially entangled and subject to quantum noise? We survey recent studies addressing this issue by drawing exact or approximate mappings to percolation theory, a branch of statistical physics centered on network connectivity. Notably, we show that the classical percolation frameworks do not uniquely define the network’s indirect connectivity. This realization leads to the emergence of an alternative theory called “concurrence percolation”, which uncovers a previously unrecognized quantum advantage that emerges at large scales, suggesting that quantum networks are more resilient than initially assumed within classical percolation contexts, offering refreshing insights into future quantum network design. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:51:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8e979cb3d1854334ae2e8fad03c0b261 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1099-4300 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:51:00Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Entropy |
| spelling | doaj.art-8e979cb3d1854334ae2e8fad03c0b2612023-11-24T14:41:09ZengMDPI AGEntropy1099-43002023-11-012511156410.3390/e25111564Percolation Theories for Quantum NetworksXiangyi Meng0Xinqi Hu1Yu Tian2Gaogao Dong3Renaud Lambiotte4Jianxi Gao5Shlomo Havlin6Network Science Institute, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USASchool of Mathematical Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, ChinaNordita, KTH Royal Institute of Technology and Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, SwedenSchool of Mathematical Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, ChinaMathematical Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford OX2 6GG, UKDepartment of Computer Science, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USADepartment of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 52900, IsraelQuantum networks have experienced rapid advancements in both theoretical and experimental domains over the last decade, making it increasingly important to understand their large-scale features from the viewpoint of statistical physics. This review paper discusses a fundamental question: how can entanglement be effectively and indirectly (e.g., through intermediate nodes) distributed between distant nodes in an imperfect quantum network, where the connections are only partially entangled and subject to quantum noise? We survey recent studies addressing this issue by drawing exact or approximate mappings to percolation theory, a branch of statistical physics centered on network connectivity. Notably, we show that the classical percolation frameworks do not uniquely define the network’s indirect connectivity. This realization leads to the emergence of an alternative theory called “concurrence percolation”, which uncovers a previously unrecognized quantum advantage that emerges at large scales, suggesting that quantum networks are more resilient than initially assumed within classical percolation contexts, offering refreshing insights into future quantum network design.https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/25/11/1564percolationquantum networkentanglement distributioncritical phenomenanetworks of networkshypergraph |
| spellingShingle | Xiangyi Meng Xinqi Hu Yu Tian Gaogao Dong Renaud Lambiotte Jianxi Gao Shlomo Havlin Percolation Theories for Quantum Networks Entropy percolation quantum network entanglement distribution critical phenomena networks of networks hypergraph |
| title | Percolation Theories for Quantum Networks |
| title_full | Percolation Theories for Quantum Networks |
| title_fullStr | Percolation Theories for Quantum Networks |
| title_full_unstemmed | Percolation Theories for Quantum Networks |
| title_short | Percolation Theories for Quantum Networks |
| title_sort | percolation theories for quantum networks |
| topic | percolation quantum network entanglement distribution critical phenomena networks of networks hypergraph |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/25/11/1564 |
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