Comparison of Pioglitazone and Metformin Efficacy against Glucocorticoid Induced Atherosclerosis and Hepatic Steatosis in Insulin Resistant Rats
Introduction: Insulin Resistance is a major cause of Atherosclerosis (AS) and Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD). These lipid alterations in blood vessels and liver may progress to cardiovascular abnormalities and cirrhosis respectively. Drugs like pioglitazone (PIO) and metformin (MET)...
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JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited
2017-07-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research |
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| Online Access: | https://jcdr.net/articles/PDF/10193/28418_CE[Ra]_F(Sh)_PF1(RB_SS)_PFA(RB_SS).pdf |
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| author | I M Nagendra Nayak Koyagura Narendar Patil Ashok M M G Jamadar V Hemanth Kumar |
| author_facet | I M Nagendra Nayak Koyagura Narendar Patil Ashok M M G Jamadar V Hemanth Kumar |
| author_sort | I M Nagendra Nayak |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction: Insulin Resistance is a major cause of
Atherosclerosis (AS) and Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
(NAFLD). These lipid alterations in blood vessels and liver
may progress to cardiovascular abnormalities and cirrhosis
respectively. Drugs like pioglitazone (PIO) and metformin
(MET) are effective insulin sensitizers used in T2DM. But their
efficacy and tolerability needs to be compared in IR associated
abnormalities.
Aim: To compare the efficacy of PIO and MET in glucocorticoid
induced AS, Hepatic Steatosis (HS) and IR in albino rats.
Materials and Methods: Male Wistar albino rats were
randomized into four groups (n=6). Group 1 (Normal control)
rats consumed 2% gum acacia orally for 12 days. Group 2
{dexamethasone (DEX) control} rats were administered 2% gum
acacia orally for 12 days and DEX (8 mg/kg) intraperitoneally
(i.p.) from 7th to 12th day during the study period. Group 3 and
4 (PIO and MET control) rats received oral administration of
PIO (45 mg/kg) and MET (1000 mg/kg) for 12 days respectively.
Both groups were treated with DEX (8 mg/kg/i.p.) from 7th to
12th day during the study period. On last day, fasting blood
was collected and rats were sacrificed by cervical dislocation;
aorta and liver tissues were isolated for the histopathological
examination. Body weight, liver weight and liver volume were
measured. Blood samples were processed for biochemical
parameters. The data were analysed by One-way Analysis of
variance (ANOVA) followed by Scheffe’s multiple comparison
post-hoc test. The statistical significance was assumed at
p<0.05.
Results: Our results established the possible role of DEX in the
development of AS and HS. Histopathological examination of
Group 2 rats treated with DEX showed a marked lipid accumulation
in the aorta and liver. Administration of MET and PIO resulted
in partial to complete restoration of DEX induced fatty changes
in aorta and liver. Both drugs significantly (p<0.05) prevented
the elevation of insulin, lipid, glucose levels, liver weight and
liver volume in DEX treated rats. They had significantly (p<0.05)
improved body weight and insulin sensitivity. However, PIO was
highly significant (p<0.05) compared to MET in reducing DEX
induced IR complications.
Conclusion: These findings suggest that PIO was more effective
insulin sensitizer compared to MET in reducing AS, HS and IR
induced by glucocorticoids. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T06:22:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8ea264f076124b6c88c2ebf3ebf72919 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2249-782X 0973-709X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T06:22:41Z |
| publishDate | 2017-07-01 |
| publisher | JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-8ea264f076124b6c88c2ebf3ebf729192022-12-22T02:58:35ZengJCDR Research and Publications Private LimitedJournal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research2249-782X0973-709X2017-07-01117FC06FC1010.7860/JCDR/2017/28418.10193Comparison of Pioglitazone and Metformin Efficacy against Glucocorticoid Induced Atherosclerosis and Hepatic Steatosis in Insulin Resistant RatsI M Nagendra Nayak0Koyagura Narendar1Patil Ashok M2M G Jamadar3V Hemanth Kumar4Professor and Head, Department of Pharmacology, Mount Zion Medical College, Adoor, Kerala, India.Lecturer, Department of Pharmacology, Al-Ameen Medical College, Vijayapura, Karnataka, India.Professor and Head, Department of Pathology, Al-Ameen Medical College, Vijayapura, Karnataka, India.Professor and Head, Department of Pharmacology, Al-Ameen Medical College, Vijayapura, Karnataka, India.Lecturer, Department of Pharmacology, Al-Ameen Medical College, Vijayapura, Karnataka, India.Introduction: Insulin Resistance is a major cause of Atherosclerosis (AS) and Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD). These lipid alterations in blood vessels and liver may progress to cardiovascular abnormalities and cirrhosis respectively. Drugs like pioglitazone (PIO) and metformin (MET) are effective insulin sensitizers used in T2DM. But their efficacy and tolerability needs to be compared in IR associated abnormalities. Aim: To compare the efficacy of PIO and MET in glucocorticoid induced AS, Hepatic Steatosis (HS) and IR in albino rats. Materials and Methods: Male Wistar albino rats were randomized into four groups (n=6). Group 1 (Normal control) rats consumed 2% gum acacia orally for 12 days. Group 2 {dexamethasone (DEX) control} rats were administered 2% gum acacia orally for 12 days and DEX (8 mg/kg) intraperitoneally (i.p.) from 7th to 12th day during the study period. Group 3 and 4 (PIO and MET control) rats received oral administration of PIO (45 mg/kg) and MET (1000 mg/kg) for 12 days respectively. Both groups were treated with DEX (8 mg/kg/i.p.) from 7th to 12th day during the study period. On last day, fasting blood was collected and rats were sacrificed by cervical dislocation; aorta and liver tissues were isolated for the histopathological examination. Body weight, liver weight and liver volume were measured. Blood samples were processed for biochemical parameters. The data were analysed by One-way Analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Scheffe’s multiple comparison post-hoc test. The statistical significance was assumed at p<0.05. Results: Our results established the possible role of DEX in the development of AS and HS. Histopathological examination of Group 2 rats treated with DEX showed a marked lipid accumulation in the aorta and liver. Administration of MET and PIO resulted in partial to complete restoration of DEX induced fatty changes in aorta and liver. Both drugs significantly (p<0.05) prevented the elevation of insulin, lipid, glucose levels, liver weight and liver volume in DEX treated rats. They had significantly (p<0.05) improved body weight and insulin sensitivity. However, PIO was highly significant (p<0.05) compared to MET in reducing DEX induced IR complications. Conclusion: These findings suggest that PIO was more effective insulin sensitizer compared to MET in reducing AS, HS and IR induced by glucocorticoids.https://jcdr.net/articles/PDF/10193/28418_CE[Ra]_F(Sh)_PF1(RB_SS)_PFA(RB_SS).pdfdexamethasonedyslipidemiafatty changesinsulin sensitizers |
| spellingShingle | I M Nagendra Nayak Koyagura Narendar Patil Ashok M M G Jamadar V Hemanth Kumar Comparison of Pioglitazone and Metformin Efficacy against Glucocorticoid Induced Atherosclerosis and Hepatic Steatosis in Insulin Resistant Rats Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research dexamethasone dyslipidemia fatty changes insulin sensitizers |
| title | Comparison of Pioglitazone and Metformin Efficacy against Glucocorticoid Induced Atherosclerosis and Hepatic Steatosis in Insulin Resistant Rats |
| title_full | Comparison of Pioglitazone and Metformin Efficacy against Glucocorticoid Induced Atherosclerosis and Hepatic Steatosis in Insulin Resistant Rats |
| title_fullStr | Comparison of Pioglitazone and Metformin Efficacy against Glucocorticoid Induced Atherosclerosis and Hepatic Steatosis in Insulin Resistant Rats |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparison of Pioglitazone and Metformin Efficacy against Glucocorticoid Induced Atherosclerosis and Hepatic Steatosis in Insulin Resistant Rats |
| title_short | Comparison of Pioglitazone and Metformin Efficacy against Glucocorticoid Induced Atherosclerosis and Hepatic Steatosis in Insulin Resistant Rats |
| title_sort | comparison of pioglitazone and metformin efficacy against glucocorticoid induced atherosclerosis and hepatic steatosis in insulin resistant rats |
| topic | dexamethasone dyslipidemia fatty changes insulin sensitizers |
| url | https://jcdr.net/articles/PDF/10193/28418_CE[Ra]_F(Sh)_PF1(RB_SS)_PFA(RB_SS).pdf |
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