Extracellular Vesicles as Potential Biomarkers in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is described as a fatal and rapidly progressive neurodegenerative disorder caused by the degeneration of upper motor neurons in the primary motor cortex and lower motor neurons of the brainstem and spinal cord. Due to ALS’s slowly progressive characteristic, which...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Genes |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/14/2/325 |
| _version_ | 1797620819885555712 |
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| author | Maruša Barbo Metka Ravnik-Glavač |
| author_facet | Maruša Barbo Metka Ravnik-Glavač |
| author_sort | Maruša Barbo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is described as a fatal and rapidly progressive neurodegenerative disorder caused by the degeneration of upper motor neurons in the primary motor cortex and lower motor neurons of the brainstem and spinal cord. Due to ALS’s slowly progressive characteristic, which is often accompanied by other neurological comorbidities, its diagnosis remains challenging. Perturbations in vesicle-mediated transport and autophagy as well as cell-autonomous disease initiation in glutamatergic neurons have been revealed in ALS. The use of extracellular vesicles (EVs) may be key in accessing pathologically relevant tissues for ALS, as EVs can cross the blood–brain barrier and be isolated from the blood. The number and content of EVs may provide indications of the disease pathogenesis, its stage, and prognosis. In this review, we collected a recent study aiming at the identification of EVs as a biomarker of ALS with respect to the size, quantity, and content of EVs in the biological fluids of patients compared to controls. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:47:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8ea424ff249e42878ede031ec75570b8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4425 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:47:04Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Genes |
| spelling | doaj.art-8ea424ff249e42878ede031ec75570b82023-11-16T20:41:24ZengMDPI AGGenes2073-44252023-01-0114232510.3390/genes14020325Extracellular Vesicles as Potential Biomarkers in Amyotrophic Lateral SclerosisMaruša Barbo0Metka Ravnik-Glavač1Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaInstitute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is described as a fatal and rapidly progressive neurodegenerative disorder caused by the degeneration of upper motor neurons in the primary motor cortex and lower motor neurons of the brainstem and spinal cord. Due to ALS’s slowly progressive characteristic, which is often accompanied by other neurological comorbidities, its diagnosis remains challenging. Perturbations in vesicle-mediated transport and autophagy as well as cell-autonomous disease initiation in glutamatergic neurons have been revealed in ALS. The use of extracellular vesicles (EVs) may be key in accessing pathologically relevant tissues for ALS, as EVs can cross the blood–brain barrier and be isolated from the blood. The number and content of EVs may provide indications of the disease pathogenesis, its stage, and prognosis. In this review, we collected a recent study aiming at the identification of EVs as a biomarker of ALS with respect to the size, quantity, and content of EVs in the biological fluids of patients compared to controls.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/14/2/325amyotrophic lateral sclerosisALSextracellular vesiclesbiomarkers |
| spellingShingle | Maruša Barbo Metka Ravnik-Glavač Extracellular Vesicles as Potential Biomarkers in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Genes amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ALS extracellular vesicles biomarkers |
| title | Extracellular Vesicles as Potential Biomarkers in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis |
| title_full | Extracellular Vesicles as Potential Biomarkers in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis |
| title_fullStr | Extracellular Vesicles as Potential Biomarkers in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Extracellular Vesicles as Potential Biomarkers in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis |
| title_short | Extracellular Vesicles as Potential Biomarkers in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis |
| title_sort | extracellular vesicles as potential biomarkers in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis |
| topic | amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ALS extracellular vesicles biomarkers |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/14/2/325 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT marusabarbo extracellularvesiclesaspotentialbiomarkersinamyotrophiclateralsclerosis AT metkaravnikglavac extracellularvesiclesaspotentialbiomarkersinamyotrophiclateralsclerosis |