Dietary Intake according to Gender and Education: A Twenty-Year Trend in a Swiss Adult Population
We assessed trends in dietary intake according to gender and education using repeated cross-sectional, population-based surveys conducted between 1993 and 2012 in Geneva, Switzerland (17,263 participants, 52.0 ± 10.6 years, 48% male). In 1993–1999, higher educated men had higher monounsaturated fatt...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2015-11-01
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| Series: | Nutrients |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/7/11/5481 |
| _version_ | 1811266173619142656 |
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| author | Pedro Marques-Vidal Eirini Rousi Fred Paccaud Jean-Michel Gaspoz Jean-Marc Theler Murielle Bochud Silvia Stringhini Idris Guessous |
| author_facet | Pedro Marques-Vidal Eirini Rousi Fred Paccaud Jean-Michel Gaspoz Jean-Marc Theler Murielle Bochud Silvia Stringhini Idris Guessous |
| author_sort | Pedro Marques-Vidal |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We assessed trends in dietary intake according to gender and education using repeated cross-sectional, population-based surveys conducted between 1993 and 2012 in Geneva, Switzerland (17,263 participants, 52.0 ± 10.6 years, 48% male). In 1993–1999, higher educated men had higher monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), carotene and vitamin D intakes than lower educated men, and the differences decreased in 2006–2012. In 1993–1999, higher educated women had higher fiber, iron, carotene, vitamin D and alcohol intakes than lower educated women, and the differences decreased in 2006–2012. Total energy, polyunsaturated fatty acids, retinol and alcohol intakes decreased, while mono/disaccharides, MUFA and carotene intake increased in both genders. Lower educated men had stronger decreases in saturated fatty acid (SFA) and calcium intakes than higher educated men: multivariate-adjusted slope and 95% confidence interval −0.11 (−0.15; −0.06) vs. −0.03 (−0.08; 0.02) g/day/year for SFA and −5.2 (−7.8; −2.7) vs. −1.03 (−3.8; 1.8) mg/day/year for calcium, p for interaction <0.05. Higher educated women had a greater decrease in iron intake than lower educated women: −0.03 (−0.04; −0.02) vs. −0.01 (−0.02; 0.00) mg/day/year, p for interaction = 0.002. We conclude that, in Switzerland, dietary intake evolved similarly between 1993 and 2012 in both educational groups. Educational differences present in 1993 persisted in 2012. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T20:38:22Z |
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| id | doaj.art-8ea806393d8d4bca9381ef3e04ed1c30 |
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| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T20:38:22Z |
| publishDate | 2015-11-01 |
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| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-8ea806393d8d4bca9381ef3e04ed1c302022-12-22T03:17:31ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432015-11-017119558957210.3390/nu7115481nu7115481Dietary Intake according to Gender and Education: A Twenty-Year Trend in a Swiss Adult PopulationPedro Marques-Vidal0Eirini Rousi1Fred Paccaud2Jean-Michel Gaspoz3Jean-Marc Theler4Murielle Bochud5Silvia Stringhini6Idris Guessous7Department of Internal Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne 1010, SwitzerlandInstitute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP), Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne 1011, SwitzerlandInstitute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP), Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne 1011, SwitzerlandUnit of Population Epidemiology, Division of Primary Care Medicine, Department of Community Medicine, Primary Care and Emergency Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva 1205, SwitzerlandUnit of Population Epidemiology, Division of Primary Care Medicine, Department of Community Medicine, Primary Care and Emergency Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva 1205, SwitzerlandInstitute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP), Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne 1011, SwitzerlandInstitute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP), Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne 1011, SwitzerlandInstitute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP), Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne 1011, SwitzerlandWe assessed trends in dietary intake according to gender and education using repeated cross-sectional, population-based surveys conducted between 1993 and 2012 in Geneva, Switzerland (17,263 participants, 52.0 ± 10.6 years, 48% male). In 1993–1999, higher educated men had higher monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), carotene and vitamin D intakes than lower educated men, and the differences decreased in 2006–2012. In 1993–1999, higher educated women had higher fiber, iron, carotene, vitamin D and alcohol intakes than lower educated women, and the differences decreased in 2006–2012. Total energy, polyunsaturated fatty acids, retinol and alcohol intakes decreased, while mono/disaccharides, MUFA and carotene intake increased in both genders. Lower educated men had stronger decreases in saturated fatty acid (SFA) and calcium intakes than higher educated men: multivariate-adjusted slope and 95% confidence interval −0.11 (−0.15; −0.06) vs. −0.03 (−0.08; 0.02) g/day/year for SFA and −5.2 (−7.8; −2.7) vs. −1.03 (−3.8; 1.8) mg/day/year for calcium, p for interaction <0.05. Higher educated women had a greater decrease in iron intake than lower educated women: −0.03 (−0.04; −0.02) vs. −0.01 (−0.02; 0.00) mg/day/year, p for interaction = 0.002. We conclude that, in Switzerland, dietary intake evolved similarly between 1993 and 2012 in both educational groups. Educational differences present in 1993 persisted in 2012.http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/7/11/5481nutrientstrendsepidemiologypublic healthadulteducational levelgenderpopulation-based studySwitzerland |
| spellingShingle | Pedro Marques-Vidal Eirini Rousi Fred Paccaud Jean-Michel Gaspoz Jean-Marc Theler Murielle Bochud Silvia Stringhini Idris Guessous Dietary Intake according to Gender and Education: A Twenty-Year Trend in a Swiss Adult Population Nutrients nutrients trends epidemiology public health adult educational level gender population-based study Switzerland |
| title | Dietary Intake according to Gender and Education: A Twenty-Year Trend in a Swiss Adult Population |
| title_full | Dietary Intake according to Gender and Education: A Twenty-Year Trend in a Swiss Adult Population |
| title_fullStr | Dietary Intake according to Gender and Education: A Twenty-Year Trend in a Swiss Adult Population |
| title_full_unstemmed | Dietary Intake according to Gender and Education: A Twenty-Year Trend in a Swiss Adult Population |
| title_short | Dietary Intake according to Gender and Education: A Twenty-Year Trend in a Swiss Adult Population |
| title_sort | dietary intake according to gender and education a twenty year trend in a swiss adult population |
| topic | nutrients trends epidemiology public health adult educational level gender population-based study Switzerland |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/7/11/5481 |
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