Polymorphisms of Fat Mass and Obesity-Associated Gene in the Pathogenesis of Child and Adolescent Metabolic Syndrome
Childhood metabolic syndrome (MetS) is prevalent around the world and is associated with a high likelihood of suffering from severe diseases such as cardiovascular disease later in adulthood. MetS is associated with genetic susceptibility that involves gene polymorphisms. The fat mass and obesity-as...
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MDPI AG
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Nutrients |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/12/2643 |
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| author | Yongyan Song Henry Wade Bingrui Zhang Wenhao Xu Rongxue Wu Shujin Li Qiaozhu Su |
| author_facet | Yongyan Song Henry Wade Bingrui Zhang Wenhao Xu Rongxue Wu Shujin Li Qiaozhu Su |
| author_sort | Yongyan Song |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Childhood metabolic syndrome (MetS) is prevalent around the world and is associated with a high likelihood of suffering from severe diseases such as cardiovascular disease later in adulthood. MetS is associated with genetic susceptibility that involves gene polymorphisms. The fat mass and obesity-associated gene (<i>FTO</i>) encodes an RNA N6-methyladenosine demethylase that regulates RNA stability and molecular functions. Human <i>FTO</i> contains genetic variants that significantly contribute to the early onset of MetS in children and adolescents. Emerging evidence has also uncovered that <i>FTO</i> polymorphisms in intron 1, such as rs9939609 and rs9930506 polymorphisms, are significantly associated with the development of MetS in children and adolescents. Mechanistic studies reported that <i>FTO</i> polymorphisms lead to aberrant expressions of <i>FTO</i> and the adjacent genes that promote adipogenesis and appetite and reduce steatolysis, satiety, and energy expenditure in the carriers. The present review highlights the recent observations on the key <i>FTO</i> polymorphisms that are associated with child and adolescent MetS with an exploration of the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of increased waist circumference, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia in child and adolescent MetS. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:05:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8ead7fa1606f46cfa08657dedb09b470 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:05:28Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-8ead7fa1606f46cfa08657dedb09b4702023-11-18T11:55:33ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432023-06-011512264310.3390/nu15122643Polymorphisms of Fat Mass and Obesity-Associated Gene in the Pathogenesis of Child and Adolescent Metabolic SyndromeYongyan Song0Henry Wade1Bingrui Zhang2Wenhao Xu3Rongxue Wu4Shujin Li5Qiaozhu Su6Central Laboratory, Clinical Medical College & Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, ChinaInstitute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5DL, UKInstitute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5DL, UKClinical Medical College, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, ChinaSection of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Biological Sciences Division, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USACentral Laboratory, Clinical Medical College & Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, ChinaInstitute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5DL, UKChildhood metabolic syndrome (MetS) is prevalent around the world and is associated with a high likelihood of suffering from severe diseases such as cardiovascular disease later in adulthood. MetS is associated with genetic susceptibility that involves gene polymorphisms. The fat mass and obesity-associated gene (<i>FTO</i>) encodes an RNA N6-methyladenosine demethylase that regulates RNA stability and molecular functions. Human <i>FTO</i> contains genetic variants that significantly contribute to the early onset of MetS in children and adolescents. Emerging evidence has also uncovered that <i>FTO</i> polymorphisms in intron 1, such as rs9939609 and rs9930506 polymorphisms, are significantly associated with the development of MetS in children and adolescents. Mechanistic studies reported that <i>FTO</i> polymorphisms lead to aberrant expressions of <i>FTO</i> and the adjacent genes that promote adipogenesis and appetite and reduce steatolysis, satiety, and energy expenditure in the carriers. The present review highlights the recent observations on the key <i>FTO</i> polymorphisms that are associated with child and adolescent MetS with an exploration of the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of increased waist circumference, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia in child and adolescent MetS.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/12/2643metabolic syndromefat mass and obesity-associated genegenetic polymorphismchildadolescentrs9939609 polymorphism |
| spellingShingle | Yongyan Song Henry Wade Bingrui Zhang Wenhao Xu Rongxue Wu Shujin Li Qiaozhu Su Polymorphisms of Fat Mass and Obesity-Associated Gene in the Pathogenesis of Child and Adolescent Metabolic Syndrome Nutrients metabolic syndrome fat mass and obesity-associated gene genetic polymorphism child adolescent rs9939609 polymorphism |
| title | Polymorphisms of Fat Mass and Obesity-Associated Gene in the Pathogenesis of Child and Adolescent Metabolic Syndrome |
| title_full | Polymorphisms of Fat Mass and Obesity-Associated Gene in the Pathogenesis of Child and Adolescent Metabolic Syndrome |
| title_fullStr | Polymorphisms of Fat Mass and Obesity-Associated Gene in the Pathogenesis of Child and Adolescent Metabolic Syndrome |
| title_full_unstemmed | Polymorphisms of Fat Mass and Obesity-Associated Gene in the Pathogenesis of Child and Adolescent Metabolic Syndrome |
| title_short | Polymorphisms of Fat Mass and Obesity-Associated Gene in the Pathogenesis of Child and Adolescent Metabolic Syndrome |
| title_sort | polymorphisms of fat mass and obesity associated gene in the pathogenesis of child and adolescent metabolic syndrome |
| topic | metabolic syndrome fat mass and obesity-associated gene genetic polymorphism child adolescent rs9939609 polymorphism |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/12/2643 |
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