Risk Model Validation: An Intraday VaR and ES Approach Using the Multiplicative Component GARCH
In this paper, we employ 99% intraday value-at-risk (VaR) and intraday expected shortfall (ES) as risk metrics to assess the competency of the Multiplicative Component Generalised Autoregressive Heteroskedasticity (MC-GARCH) models based on the 1-min EUR/USD exchange rate returns. Five distributiona...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2019-01-01
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| Series: | Risks |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9091/7/1/10 |
| _version_ | 1818110713494765568 |
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| author | Ravi Summinga-Sonagadu Jason Narsoo |
| author_facet | Ravi Summinga-Sonagadu Jason Narsoo |
| author_sort | Ravi Summinga-Sonagadu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this paper, we employ 99% intraday value-at-risk (VaR) and intraday expected shortfall (ES) as risk metrics to assess the competency of the Multiplicative Component Generalised Autoregressive Heteroskedasticity (MC-GARCH) models based on the 1-min EUR/USD exchange rate returns. Five distributional assumptions for the innovation process are used to analyse their effects on the modelling and forecasting performance. The high-frequency volatility models were validated in terms of in-sample fit based on various statistical and graphical tests. A more rigorous validation procedure involves testing the predictive power of the models. Therefore, three backtesting procedures were used for the VaR, namely, the Kupiec’s test, a duration-based backtest, and an asymmetric VaR loss function. Similarly, three backtests were employed for the ES: a regression-based backtesting procedure, the Exceedance Residual backtest and the V-Tests. The validation results show that non-normal distributions are best suited for both model fitting and forecasting. The MC-GARCH(1,1) model under the Generalised Error Distribution (GED) innovation assumption gave the best fit to the intraday data and gave the best results for the ES forecasts. However, the asymmetric Skewed Student’s-t distribution for the innovation process provided the best results for the VaR forecasts. This paper presents the results of the first empirical study (to the best of the authors’ knowledge) in: (1) forecasting the intraday Expected Shortfall (ES) under different distributional assumptions for the MC-GARCH model; (2) assessing the MC-GARCH model under the Generalised Error Distribution (GED) innovation; (3) evaluating and ranking the VaR predictability of the MC-GARCH models using an asymmetric loss function. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T02:51:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8eaf7d75fd0f4c11a264a9dc40861010 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-9091 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T02:51:31Z |
| publishDate | 2019-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Risks |
| spelling | doaj.art-8eaf7d75fd0f4c11a264a9dc408610102022-12-22T01:23:18ZengMDPI AGRisks2227-90912019-01-01711010.3390/risks7010010risks7010010Risk Model Validation: An Intraday VaR and ES Approach Using the Multiplicative Component GARCHRavi Summinga-Sonagadu0Jason Narsoo1Department of Economics and Statistics, University of Mauritius, Réduit 80837, MauritiusDepartment of Economics and Statistics, University of Mauritius, Réduit 80837, MauritiusIn this paper, we employ 99% intraday value-at-risk (VaR) and intraday expected shortfall (ES) as risk metrics to assess the competency of the Multiplicative Component Generalised Autoregressive Heteroskedasticity (MC-GARCH) models based on the 1-min EUR/USD exchange rate returns. Five distributional assumptions for the innovation process are used to analyse their effects on the modelling and forecasting performance. The high-frequency volatility models were validated in terms of in-sample fit based on various statistical and graphical tests. A more rigorous validation procedure involves testing the predictive power of the models. Therefore, three backtesting procedures were used for the VaR, namely, the Kupiec’s test, a duration-based backtest, and an asymmetric VaR loss function. Similarly, three backtests were employed for the ES: a regression-based backtesting procedure, the Exceedance Residual backtest and the V-Tests. The validation results show that non-normal distributions are best suited for both model fitting and forecasting. The MC-GARCH(1,1) model under the Generalised Error Distribution (GED) innovation assumption gave the best fit to the intraday data and gave the best results for the ES forecasts. However, the asymmetric Skewed Student’s-t distribution for the innovation process provided the best results for the VaR forecasts. This paper presents the results of the first empirical study (to the best of the authors’ knowledge) in: (1) forecasting the intraday Expected Shortfall (ES) under different distributional assumptions for the MC-GARCH model; (2) assessing the MC-GARCH model under the Generalised Error Distribution (GED) innovation; (3) evaluating and ranking the VaR predictability of the MC-GARCH models using an asymmetric loss function.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9091/7/1/10model validationhigh-frequencyMultiplicative Component Generalised Autoregressive Heteroskedasticity (MC-GARCH)error distributionsintraday value-at-risk (VaR)intraday expected shortfall (ES)backtests |
| spellingShingle | Ravi Summinga-Sonagadu Jason Narsoo Risk Model Validation: An Intraday VaR and ES Approach Using the Multiplicative Component GARCH Risks model validation high-frequency Multiplicative Component Generalised Autoregressive Heteroskedasticity (MC-GARCH) error distributions intraday value-at-risk (VaR) intraday expected shortfall (ES) backtests |
| title | Risk Model Validation: An Intraday VaR and ES Approach Using the Multiplicative Component GARCH |
| title_full | Risk Model Validation: An Intraday VaR and ES Approach Using the Multiplicative Component GARCH |
| title_fullStr | Risk Model Validation: An Intraday VaR and ES Approach Using the Multiplicative Component GARCH |
| title_full_unstemmed | Risk Model Validation: An Intraday VaR and ES Approach Using the Multiplicative Component GARCH |
| title_short | Risk Model Validation: An Intraday VaR and ES Approach Using the Multiplicative Component GARCH |
| title_sort | risk model validation an intraday var and es approach using the multiplicative component garch |
| topic | model validation high-frequency Multiplicative Component Generalised Autoregressive Heteroskedasticity (MC-GARCH) error distributions intraday value-at-risk (VaR) intraday expected shortfall (ES) backtests |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9091/7/1/10 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ravisummingasonagadu riskmodelvalidationanintradayvarandesapproachusingthemultiplicativecomponentgarch AT jasonnarsoo riskmodelvalidationanintradayvarandesapproachusingthemultiplicativecomponentgarch |