Antioxidant Capacity, Antitumor Activity and Metabolomic Profile of a Beetroot Peel Flour
In this study, a beetroot peel flour was made, and its in vitro antioxidant activity was determined in aqueous (BPFw) and ethanolic (BPFe) extracts. The influence of BPFw on breast cancer cell viability was also determined. A targeted betalain profile was obtained using high-resolution Q-Extractive...
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Metabolites |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/13/2/277 |
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| author | Pedro Paulo Saldanha Coimbra Anna Carolina Alves Gomes da Silva-e-Silva Ananda da Silva Antonio Henrique Marcelo Gualberto Pereira Valdir Florêncio da Veiga-Junior Israel Felzenszwalb Carlos Fernando Araujo-Lima Anderson Junger Teodoro |
| author_facet | Pedro Paulo Saldanha Coimbra Anna Carolina Alves Gomes da Silva-e-Silva Ananda da Silva Antonio Henrique Marcelo Gualberto Pereira Valdir Florêncio da Veiga-Junior Israel Felzenszwalb Carlos Fernando Araujo-Lima Anderson Junger Teodoro |
| author_sort | Pedro Paulo Saldanha Coimbra |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this study, a beetroot peel flour was made, and its in vitro antioxidant activity was determined in aqueous (BPFw) and ethanolic (BPFe) extracts. The influence of BPFw on breast cancer cell viability was also determined. A targeted betalain profile was obtained using high-resolution Q-Extractive Plus Orbitrap mass spectrometry (Obrtitrap-HRMS) alongside untargeted chemical profiling of BPFw using Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS). BPFw and BPFe presented satisfactory antioxidant activities, with emphasis on the total phenolic compounds and ORAC results for BPFw (301.64 ± 0.20 mg GAE/100 g and 3032.78 ± 55.00 µmol T/100 g, respectively). The MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells presented reductions in viability when treated with BPFw, showing dose-dependent behavior, with MDA-MB-231 also showing time-dependent behavior. The chemical profiling of BPFw led to the identification of 9 betalains and 59 other compounds distributed amongst 28 chemical classes, with flavonoids and their derivates and coumarins being the most abundant. Three forms of betalain generated via thermal degradation were identified. However, regardless of thermal processing, the BPF still presented satisfactory antioxidant and anticancer activities, possibly due to synergism with other identified molecules with reported anticancer activities via different metabolic pathways. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:26:25Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8eb53c6eeed347d8bd195f73dacfd99e |
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| issn | 2218-1989 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:26:25Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Metabolites |
| spelling | doaj.art-8eb53c6eeed347d8bd195f73dacfd99e2023-11-16T22:05:20ZengMDPI AGMetabolites2218-19892023-02-0113227710.3390/metabo13020277Antioxidant Capacity, Antitumor Activity and Metabolomic Profile of a Beetroot Peel FlourPedro Paulo Saldanha Coimbra0Anna Carolina Alves Gomes da Silva-e-Silva1Ananda da Silva Antonio2Henrique Marcelo Gualberto Pereira3Valdir Florêncio da Veiga-Junior4Israel Felzenszwalb5Carlos Fernando Araujo-Lima6Anderson Junger Teodoro7Food and Nutrition Graduate Program, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro State, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, BrazilFood and Nutrition Graduate Program, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro State, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, BrazilLaboratory for the Support of Technological Development, Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, BrazilLaboratory for the Support of Technological Development, Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, BrazilDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Military Institute of Engineering—IME, Rio de Janeiro 22290-270, BrazilLaboratory of Environmental Mutagenicity, Department of Biophysics and Biometry, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro 20550-013, BrazilFood and Nutrition Graduate Program, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro State, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, BrazilFood and Nutrition Graduate Program, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro State, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, BrazilIn this study, a beetroot peel flour was made, and its in vitro antioxidant activity was determined in aqueous (BPFw) and ethanolic (BPFe) extracts. The influence of BPFw on breast cancer cell viability was also determined. A targeted betalain profile was obtained using high-resolution Q-Extractive Plus Orbitrap mass spectrometry (Obrtitrap-HRMS) alongside untargeted chemical profiling of BPFw using Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS). BPFw and BPFe presented satisfactory antioxidant activities, with emphasis on the total phenolic compounds and ORAC results for BPFw (301.64 ± 0.20 mg GAE/100 g and 3032.78 ± 55.00 µmol T/100 g, respectively). The MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells presented reductions in viability when treated with BPFw, showing dose-dependent behavior, with MDA-MB-231 also showing time-dependent behavior. The chemical profiling of BPFw led to the identification of 9 betalains and 59 other compounds distributed amongst 28 chemical classes, with flavonoids and their derivates and coumarins being the most abundant. Three forms of betalain generated via thermal degradation were identified. However, regardless of thermal processing, the BPF still presented satisfactory antioxidant and anticancer activities, possibly due to synergism with other identified molecules with reported anticancer activities via different metabolic pathways.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/13/2/277<i>Beta vulgaris</i> L.betalainsbreast cancerchemical profiling |
| spellingShingle | Pedro Paulo Saldanha Coimbra Anna Carolina Alves Gomes da Silva-e-Silva Ananda da Silva Antonio Henrique Marcelo Gualberto Pereira Valdir Florêncio da Veiga-Junior Israel Felzenszwalb Carlos Fernando Araujo-Lima Anderson Junger Teodoro Antioxidant Capacity, Antitumor Activity and Metabolomic Profile of a Beetroot Peel Flour Metabolites <i>Beta vulgaris</i> L. betalains breast cancer chemical profiling |
| title | Antioxidant Capacity, Antitumor Activity and Metabolomic Profile of a Beetroot Peel Flour |
| title_full | Antioxidant Capacity, Antitumor Activity and Metabolomic Profile of a Beetroot Peel Flour |
| title_fullStr | Antioxidant Capacity, Antitumor Activity and Metabolomic Profile of a Beetroot Peel Flour |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antioxidant Capacity, Antitumor Activity and Metabolomic Profile of a Beetroot Peel Flour |
| title_short | Antioxidant Capacity, Antitumor Activity and Metabolomic Profile of a Beetroot Peel Flour |
| title_sort | antioxidant capacity antitumor activity and metabolomic profile of a beetroot peel flour |
| topic | <i>Beta vulgaris</i> L. betalains breast cancer chemical profiling |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/13/2/277 |
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