A comparison of two tests for filarial antigenemia in areas in Sri Lanka and Indonesia with low-level persistence of lymphatic filariasis following mass drug administration
Abstract Background Filarial antigen tests are key tools for mapping the distribution of bancroftian filariasis and for detecting areas with persistent infections following mass drug administration (MDA). A recent study showed that the new Alere Filariasis Test Strip (FTS) has better analytical sens...
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| Language: | English |
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BMC
2015-07-01
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| Series: | Parasites & Vectors |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-015-0979-y |
| _version_ | 1797811827948650496 |
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| author | Thishan C. Yahathugoda Taniawati Supali Ramakrishna U. Rao Yenny Djuardi Difa Stefani Femmy Pical Peter U. Fischer Melanie M. Lloyd Prasad H. Premaratne Mirani V. Weerasooriya Gary J. Weil |
| author_facet | Thishan C. Yahathugoda Taniawati Supali Ramakrishna U. Rao Yenny Djuardi Difa Stefani Femmy Pical Peter U. Fischer Melanie M. Lloyd Prasad H. Premaratne Mirani V. Weerasooriya Gary J. Weil |
| author_sort | Thishan C. Yahathugoda |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Filarial antigen tests are key tools for mapping the distribution of bancroftian filariasis and for detecting areas with persistent infections following mass drug administration (MDA). A recent study showed that the new Alere Filariasis Test Strip (FTS) has better analytical sensitivity than the BinaxNOW Filariasis card test (Card Test) for detecting circulating filarial antigen, and the FTS detected more positive results than the Card Test in a field study performed in a highly endemic area in Liberia. Methods The present study compared the performance of the FTS and the Card Test in community surveys that were conducted in southern Sri Lanka and in Indonesia (Central Java) in areas with low-level persistence of LF following multiple rounds of MDA with diethylcarbamazine plus albendazole. The studies were performed in densely populated semi-urban areas where Wuchereria bancrofti is transmitted by Culex quinquefasciatus. Results Antigenemia rates by FTS were 138 % higher in the Sri Lanka study (43/852 vs. 18/852) and 21 % higher in the Indonesia study (50/778 vs. 41/778) than antigenemia rates by Card Test. Antigenemia rates were significantly higher in males than in females and higher in adults than in children in both study sites. Although overall antigenemia rates and test scores were significantly higher by FTS than by Card Test in both study areas, rates in young children were similar with both tests in both areas. Conclusions These results extend the previously reported superior sensitivity of the FTS to areas with low residual infection rates following MDA, and this could affect mapping and post-MDA survey results in adults. However, our findings suggest that results of transmission assessment surveys (TAS) performed in school-aged children are likely to be similar with both tests. |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1756-3305 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T07:28:34Z |
| publishDate | 2015-07-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-8ed20c713ca949b6b0bff421c9f6848d2023-06-04T11:13:27ZengBMCParasites & Vectors1756-33052015-07-01811710.1186/s13071-015-0979-yA comparison of two tests for filarial antigenemia in areas in Sri Lanka and Indonesia with low-level persistence of lymphatic filariasis following mass drug administrationThishan C. Yahathugoda0Taniawati Supali1Ramakrishna U. Rao2Yenny Djuardi3Difa Stefani4Femmy Pical5Peter U. Fischer6Melanie M. Lloyd7Prasad H. Premaratne8Mirani V. Weerasooriya9Gary J. Weil10Filariasis Research, Training and Service Unit, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of RuhunaDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of IndonesiaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases Division, Washington University School of MedicineDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of IndonesiaDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of IndonesiaDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of IndonesiaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases Division, Washington University School of MedicineDepartment of Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases Division, Washington University School of MedicineDepartment of Para Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, General Sir John Kotelawala Defence UniversityFilariasis Research, Training and Service Unit, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of RuhunaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases Division, Washington University School of MedicineAbstract Background Filarial antigen tests are key tools for mapping the distribution of bancroftian filariasis and for detecting areas with persistent infections following mass drug administration (MDA). A recent study showed that the new Alere Filariasis Test Strip (FTS) has better analytical sensitivity than the BinaxNOW Filariasis card test (Card Test) for detecting circulating filarial antigen, and the FTS detected more positive results than the Card Test in a field study performed in a highly endemic area in Liberia. Methods The present study compared the performance of the FTS and the Card Test in community surveys that were conducted in southern Sri Lanka and in Indonesia (Central Java) in areas with low-level persistence of LF following multiple rounds of MDA with diethylcarbamazine plus albendazole. The studies were performed in densely populated semi-urban areas where Wuchereria bancrofti is transmitted by Culex quinquefasciatus. Results Antigenemia rates by FTS were 138 % higher in the Sri Lanka study (43/852 vs. 18/852) and 21 % higher in the Indonesia study (50/778 vs. 41/778) than antigenemia rates by Card Test. Antigenemia rates were significantly higher in males than in females and higher in adults than in children in both study sites. Although overall antigenemia rates and test scores were significantly higher by FTS than by Card Test in both study areas, rates in young children were similar with both tests in both areas. Conclusions These results extend the previously reported superior sensitivity of the FTS to areas with low residual infection rates following MDA, and this could affect mapping and post-MDA survey results in adults. However, our findings suggest that results of transmission assessment surveys (TAS) performed in school-aged children are likely to be similar with both tests.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-015-0979-yLymphatic filariasisWuchereria bancroftiDiagnosisAntigenemiaEliminationMass drug administration |
| spellingShingle | Thishan C. Yahathugoda Taniawati Supali Ramakrishna U. Rao Yenny Djuardi Difa Stefani Femmy Pical Peter U. Fischer Melanie M. Lloyd Prasad H. Premaratne Mirani V. Weerasooriya Gary J. Weil A comparison of two tests for filarial antigenemia in areas in Sri Lanka and Indonesia with low-level persistence of lymphatic filariasis following mass drug administration Parasites & Vectors Lymphatic filariasis Wuchereria bancrofti Diagnosis Antigenemia Elimination Mass drug administration |
| title | A comparison of two tests for filarial antigenemia in areas in Sri Lanka and Indonesia with low-level persistence of lymphatic filariasis following mass drug administration |
| title_full | A comparison of two tests for filarial antigenemia in areas in Sri Lanka and Indonesia with low-level persistence of lymphatic filariasis following mass drug administration |
| title_fullStr | A comparison of two tests for filarial antigenemia in areas in Sri Lanka and Indonesia with low-level persistence of lymphatic filariasis following mass drug administration |
| title_full_unstemmed | A comparison of two tests for filarial antigenemia in areas in Sri Lanka and Indonesia with low-level persistence of lymphatic filariasis following mass drug administration |
| title_short | A comparison of two tests for filarial antigenemia in areas in Sri Lanka and Indonesia with low-level persistence of lymphatic filariasis following mass drug administration |
| title_sort | comparison of two tests for filarial antigenemia in areas in sri lanka and indonesia with low level persistence of lymphatic filariasis following mass drug administration |
| topic | Lymphatic filariasis Wuchereria bancrofti Diagnosis Antigenemia Elimination Mass drug administration |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-015-0979-y |
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