Amorphization of Drugs for Transdermal Delivery-a Recent Update
Amorphous solid dispersion is a popular formulation approach for orally administered poorly water-soluble drugs, especially for BCS class II. But oral delivery could not be an automatic choice for some drugs with high first-pass metabolism susceptibility. In such cases, transdermal delivery is consi...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-05-01
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| Series: | Pharmaceutics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/14/5/983 |
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| author | Bappaditya Chatterjee Abhishek Reddy Moushami Santra Sandile Khamanga |
| author_facet | Bappaditya Chatterjee Abhishek Reddy Moushami Santra Sandile Khamanga |
| author_sort | Bappaditya Chatterjee |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Amorphous solid dispersion is a popular formulation approach for orally administered poorly water-soluble drugs, especially for BCS class II. But oral delivery could not be an automatic choice for some drugs with high first-pass metabolism susceptibility. In such cases, transdermal delivery is considered an alternative if the drug is potent and the dose is less than 10 mg. Amorphization of drugs causes supersaturation and enhances the thermodynamic activity of the drugs. Hence, drug transport through the skin could be improved. The stabilization of amorphous system is a persistent challenge that restricts its application. A polymeric system, where amorphous drug is dispersed in a polymeric carrier, helps its stability. However, high excipient load often becomes problematic for the polymeric amorphous system. Coamorphous formulation is another approach, where one drug is mixed with another drug or low molecular weight compound, which stabilizes each other, restricts crystallization, and maintains a single-phase homogenous amorphous system. Prevention of recrystallization along with enhanced skin permeation has been observed by the transdermal coamorphous system. But scalable manufacturing methods, extensive stability study and in-depth in vivo evaluation are lacking. This review has critically studied the mechanistic aspects of amorphization and transdermal permeation by analyzing recent researches in this field to propose a future direction. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:07:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8ee2d268cdf847a7ba8385e67190ec06 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4923 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:07:41Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pharmaceutics |
| spelling | doaj.art-8ee2d268cdf847a7ba8385e67190ec062023-11-23T12:37:37ZengMDPI AGPharmaceutics1999-49232022-05-0114598310.3390/pharmaceutics14050983Amorphization of Drugs for Transdermal Delivery-a Recent UpdateBappaditya Chatterjee0Abhishek Reddy1Moushami Santra2Sandile Khamanga3Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM’s NMIMS, Mumbai 400056, IndiaShobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM’s NMIMS, Mumbai 400056, IndiaShobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM’s NMIMS, Mumbai 400056, IndiaFaculty of Pharmacy, Rhodes University, Makhanda 6140, South AfricaAmorphous solid dispersion is a popular formulation approach for orally administered poorly water-soluble drugs, especially for BCS class II. But oral delivery could not be an automatic choice for some drugs with high first-pass metabolism susceptibility. In such cases, transdermal delivery is considered an alternative if the drug is potent and the dose is less than 10 mg. Amorphization of drugs causes supersaturation and enhances the thermodynamic activity of the drugs. Hence, drug transport through the skin could be improved. The stabilization of amorphous system is a persistent challenge that restricts its application. A polymeric system, where amorphous drug is dispersed in a polymeric carrier, helps its stability. However, high excipient load often becomes problematic for the polymeric amorphous system. Coamorphous formulation is another approach, where one drug is mixed with another drug or low molecular weight compound, which stabilizes each other, restricts crystallization, and maintains a single-phase homogenous amorphous system. Prevention of recrystallization along with enhanced skin permeation has been observed by the transdermal coamorphous system. But scalable manufacturing methods, extensive stability study and in-depth in vivo evaluation are lacking. This review has critically studied the mechanistic aspects of amorphization and transdermal permeation by analyzing recent researches in this field to propose a future direction.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/14/5/983supersaturationamorphoustransdermalmicroneedlecontrolled releaseskin permeation |
| spellingShingle | Bappaditya Chatterjee Abhishek Reddy Moushami Santra Sandile Khamanga Amorphization of Drugs for Transdermal Delivery-a Recent Update Pharmaceutics supersaturation amorphous transdermal microneedle controlled release skin permeation |
| title | Amorphization of Drugs for Transdermal Delivery-a Recent Update |
| title_full | Amorphization of Drugs for Transdermal Delivery-a Recent Update |
| title_fullStr | Amorphization of Drugs for Transdermal Delivery-a Recent Update |
| title_full_unstemmed | Amorphization of Drugs for Transdermal Delivery-a Recent Update |
| title_short | Amorphization of Drugs for Transdermal Delivery-a Recent Update |
| title_sort | amorphization of drugs for transdermal delivery a recent update |
| topic | supersaturation amorphous transdermal microneedle controlled release skin permeation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/14/5/983 |
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