The effect of foot posture on static balance, ankle and knee proprioception in 18-to-25-year-old female student: a cross-sectional study
Abstract Background & purpose Afferent input from the sole affects postural stability. Cutaneous reflexes from the foot are important to posture and gait. Lower-limb afferents alone provide enough information to maintain upright stance and are critical in perceiving postural sway. Altered feedba...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2023-07-01
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| Series: | BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-023-06678-2 |
| _version_ | 1797784836904058880 |
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| author | Maryam Ghorbani Rasoul Yaali Hassan Sadeghi Tony Luczak |
| author_facet | Maryam Ghorbani Rasoul Yaali Hassan Sadeghi Tony Luczak |
| author_sort | Maryam Ghorbani |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background & purpose Afferent input from the sole affects postural stability. Cutaneous reflexes from the foot are important to posture and gait. Lower-limb afferents alone provide enough information to maintain upright stance and are critical in perceiving postural sway. Altered feedback from propreoceptive receptors alters gait and patterns of muscle activation. The position and posture of the foot and ankle may also play an important role in proprioceptive input.Therefore, the current research aims to compare static balance and ankle and knee proprioception in people with and without flexible flatfeet. Methodology 91 female students between the ages of 18 and 25 voluntarily participated in this study, of which 24 were in the flexible flatfoot group and 67 were in the regular foot group after evaluating the longitudinal arch of the foot. The position sense of ankle and knee joints were measured using the active reconstruction test of the ankle and knee angle; Static balance was measured using the Sharpened Romberg test. Data were non-normally distributed. Accordingly, non-parametric tests were applied. The Kruskal-Wallis test was applied to compare differences between groups in variables. Result Kruskal-Wallis test showed a significant difference between two groups of flat feet and normal feet in the variables of static balance and position sense of ankle plantarflexion, ankle dorsiflexion, and knee flexion (p ≤ 0.05). A significant correlation was found between static balance and sense of ankle and knee position in the group with normal feet. The analysis of the regression line also showed that ankle and knee position sense could predict the static balance score in the regular foot group (ankle dorsiflexion position sense 17% (R2 = 0.17), ankle plantarflexion position sense 17% (R2 = 0.17) and knee flexion position sense 46% (R2 = 0.46) explain of changes in static balance). Discussion & conclusion Flexible flatfoot soles can cause loss of balance and sense of joint position; therefore, according to this preliminary study, clinicians must be aware and should take into account this possible deficit in the management of these patients. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T00:45:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8efbd468447c4d629fd99c10a1f59a87 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2474 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T00:45:36Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders |
| spelling | doaj.art-8efbd468447c4d629fd99c10a1f59a872023-07-09T11:03:12ZengBMCBMC Musculoskeletal Disorders1471-24742023-07-012411910.1186/s12891-023-06678-2The effect of foot posture on static balance, ankle and knee proprioception in 18-to-25-year-old female student: a cross-sectional studyMaryam Ghorbani0Rasoul Yaali1Hassan Sadeghi2Tony Luczak3Department of Motor Behavior, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Kharazmi University of TehranDepartment of Motor Behavior, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Kharazmi University of TehranDepartment of Biomechanics and Sports Injuries, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Kharazmi University of TehranNSPARC, Mississippi State UniversityAbstract Background & purpose Afferent input from the sole affects postural stability. Cutaneous reflexes from the foot are important to posture and gait. Lower-limb afferents alone provide enough information to maintain upright stance and are critical in perceiving postural sway. Altered feedback from propreoceptive receptors alters gait and patterns of muscle activation. The position and posture of the foot and ankle may also play an important role in proprioceptive input.Therefore, the current research aims to compare static balance and ankle and knee proprioception in people with and without flexible flatfeet. Methodology 91 female students between the ages of 18 and 25 voluntarily participated in this study, of which 24 were in the flexible flatfoot group and 67 were in the regular foot group after evaluating the longitudinal arch of the foot. The position sense of ankle and knee joints were measured using the active reconstruction test of the ankle and knee angle; Static balance was measured using the Sharpened Romberg test. Data were non-normally distributed. Accordingly, non-parametric tests were applied. The Kruskal-Wallis test was applied to compare differences between groups in variables. Result Kruskal-Wallis test showed a significant difference between two groups of flat feet and normal feet in the variables of static balance and position sense of ankle plantarflexion, ankle dorsiflexion, and knee flexion (p ≤ 0.05). A significant correlation was found between static balance and sense of ankle and knee position in the group with normal feet. The analysis of the regression line also showed that ankle and knee position sense could predict the static balance score in the regular foot group (ankle dorsiflexion position sense 17% (R2 = 0.17), ankle plantarflexion position sense 17% (R2 = 0.17) and knee flexion position sense 46% (R2 = 0.46) explain of changes in static balance). Discussion & conclusion Flexible flatfoot soles can cause loss of balance and sense of joint position; therefore, according to this preliminary study, clinicians must be aware and should take into account this possible deficit in the management of these patients.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-023-06678-2Balance controlPosition senseFlexible pes planusAnkle and knee joints |
| spellingShingle | Maryam Ghorbani Rasoul Yaali Hassan Sadeghi Tony Luczak The effect of foot posture on static balance, ankle and knee proprioception in 18-to-25-year-old female student: a cross-sectional study BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders Balance control Position sense Flexible pes planus Ankle and knee joints |
| title | The effect of foot posture on static balance, ankle and knee proprioception in 18-to-25-year-old female student: a cross-sectional study |
| title_full | The effect of foot posture on static balance, ankle and knee proprioception in 18-to-25-year-old female student: a cross-sectional study |
| title_fullStr | The effect of foot posture on static balance, ankle and knee proprioception in 18-to-25-year-old female student: a cross-sectional study |
| title_full_unstemmed | The effect of foot posture on static balance, ankle and knee proprioception in 18-to-25-year-old female student: a cross-sectional study |
| title_short | The effect of foot posture on static balance, ankle and knee proprioception in 18-to-25-year-old female student: a cross-sectional study |
| title_sort | effect of foot posture on static balance ankle and knee proprioception in 18 to 25 year old female student a cross sectional study |
| topic | Balance control Position sense Flexible pes planus Ankle and knee joints |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-023-06678-2 |
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