Prevalence of trachoma and associated factors in students from the Jequitinhonha Valley, Minas Gerais, Brazil

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Trachoma is the leading cause of blindness in the world, especially in undeveloped countries, due to its association with poor socioeconomic and sanitation conditions. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of trachoma among students from the Jequitinhonha Valley, Minas...

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Main Authors: Evanildo José da Silva, Daniela Porto Pereira, João Octávio Augusto Murta Ambrózio, Laiara Morais Barboza, Vivian Ladeira Fonseca, Antônio Prates Caldeira
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical (SBMT) 2020-10-01
Series:Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0037-86822020000100359&tlng=en
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author Evanildo José da Silva
Daniela Porto Pereira
João Octávio Augusto Murta Ambrózio
Laiara Morais Barboza
Vivian Ladeira Fonseca
Antônio Prates Caldeira
author_facet Evanildo José da Silva
Daniela Porto Pereira
João Octávio Augusto Murta Ambrózio
Laiara Morais Barboza
Vivian Ladeira Fonseca
Antônio Prates Caldeira
author_sort Evanildo José da Silva
collection DOAJ
description Abstract INTRODUCTION: Trachoma is the leading cause of blindness in the world, especially in undeveloped countries, due to its association with poor socioeconomic and sanitation conditions. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of trachoma among students from the Jequitinhonha Valley, Minas Gerais, one of the poorest regions in Brazil, and to identify associated factors. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study that utilized clinical evaluation and a socioeconomic questionnaire applied to a random and representative sample of elementary school students from the Jequitinhonha Valley, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Participants underwent conjunctival scraping and direct immunofluorescence was used to confirm the presence of the bacteria. Five or more elementary bodies in the conjunctival scrape was considered a positive result. In the study, 36.6% positive samples were detected. A culture of the conjunctival scrape, considered to be the "gold standard", was not performed due to cost and complexity. Bivariate analyses were performed, followed by binary logistic regression analysis to define the associated variables. RESULTS: In the present study, 478 students comprised the sample. The prevalence of trachoma was 6.3% and was higher among students who lived in unfinished houses (no plastering, painting, flooring, and unfinished bathrooms) (OR, 2.27; 95% CI, 1.12-6.48) without sewage systems (OR = 9.49; 95% CI = 3.52-25.60) and studied in rural areas (OR, 3.37; 95% CI, 1.53-7.35). CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of trachoma among the students aged 7 to 16 years old, from public and private schools, is not negligible and is especially associated with inadequate living conditions.
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spelling doaj.art-8f016b61c20848f0b66fb586062e93432022-12-22T02:27:18ZengSociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical (SBMT)Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical1678-98492020-10-015310.1590/0037-8682-0056-2020Prevalence of trachoma and associated factors in students from the Jequitinhonha Valley, Minas Gerais, BrazilEvanildo José da Silvahttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5324-2642Daniela Porto PereiraJoão Octávio Augusto Murta AmbrózioLaiara Morais BarbozaVivian Ladeira FonsecaAntônio Prates CaldeiraAbstract INTRODUCTION: Trachoma is the leading cause of blindness in the world, especially in undeveloped countries, due to its association with poor socioeconomic and sanitation conditions. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of trachoma among students from the Jequitinhonha Valley, Minas Gerais, one of the poorest regions in Brazil, and to identify associated factors. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study that utilized clinical evaluation and a socioeconomic questionnaire applied to a random and representative sample of elementary school students from the Jequitinhonha Valley, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Participants underwent conjunctival scraping and direct immunofluorescence was used to confirm the presence of the bacteria. Five or more elementary bodies in the conjunctival scrape was considered a positive result. In the study, 36.6% positive samples were detected. A culture of the conjunctival scrape, considered to be the "gold standard", was not performed due to cost and complexity. Bivariate analyses were performed, followed by binary logistic regression analysis to define the associated variables. RESULTS: In the present study, 478 students comprised the sample. The prevalence of trachoma was 6.3% and was higher among students who lived in unfinished houses (no plastering, painting, flooring, and unfinished bathrooms) (OR, 2.27; 95% CI, 1.12-6.48) without sewage systems (OR = 9.49; 95% CI = 3.52-25.60) and studied in rural areas (OR, 3.37; 95% CI, 1.53-7.35). CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of trachoma among the students aged 7 to 16 years old, from public and private schools, is not negligible and is especially associated with inadequate living conditions.http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0037-86822020000100359&tlng=enChlamydia trachomatisNeglected diseaseEpidemiology
spellingShingle Evanildo José da Silva
Daniela Porto Pereira
João Octávio Augusto Murta Ambrózio
Laiara Morais Barboza
Vivian Ladeira Fonseca
Antônio Prates Caldeira
Prevalence of trachoma and associated factors in students from the Jequitinhonha Valley, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical
Chlamydia trachomatis
Neglected disease
Epidemiology
title Prevalence of trachoma and associated factors in students from the Jequitinhonha Valley, Minas Gerais, Brazil
title_full Prevalence of trachoma and associated factors in students from the Jequitinhonha Valley, Minas Gerais, Brazil
title_fullStr Prevalence of trachoma and associated factors in students from the Jequitinhonha Valley, Minas Gerais, Brazil
title_full_unstemmed Prevalence of trachoma and associated factors in students from the Jequitinhonha Valley, Minas Gerais, Brazil
title_short Prevalence of trachoma and associated factors in students from the Jequitinhonha Valley, Minas Gerais, Brazil
title_sort prevalence of trachoma and associated factors in students from the jequitinhonha valley minas gerais brazil
topic Chlamydia trachomatis
Neglected disease
Epidemiology
url http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0037-86822020000100359&tlng=en
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