Modelling Methodologies to Design and Control Renewables and Hydrogen-Based Telecom Towers Power Supply Systems
Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFCS) and electrolyser (PEMELS) systems, together with a hydrogen storage tank (HST), are suitable to be integrated with renewable microgrids to cover intermittency and fully exploit the excess of electrical energy. Such an integration perfectly fits telecom tow...
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MDPI AG
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/17/6316 |
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| author | Paolo Aliberti Marco Sorrentino Marco Califano Cesare Pianese Luca Capozucca Laura Cristiani Gianpiero Lops Roberto Mancini |
| author_facet | Paolo Aliberti Marco Sorrentino Marco Califano Cesare Pianese Luca Capozucca Laura Cristiani Gianpiero Lops Roberto Mancini |
| author_sort | Paolo Aliberti |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFCS) and electrolyser (PEMELS) systems, together with a hydrogen storage tank (HST), are suitable to be integrated with renewable microgrids to cover intermittency and fully exploit the excess of electrical energy. Such an integration perfectly fits telecom tower power supply needs, both in off-grid and grid-connected sites. In this framework, a model-based tool enabling both optimal sizing and proper year-through energy management of both the above applications is proposed. Respectively, the islanded optimisation is performed considering two economic indices, i.e., simple payback (SPB) and levelised cost of energy (LCOE), together with two strategies of hydrogen tank management, charge sustaining and depleting, and also accounting for the impact of grid extension distance. On the other hand, the grid connection is addressed through the dynamic programming method, while downsizing PEMELS and HST sizes to improve techno-economic effectiveness, thanks to grid contribution towards renewables curtailment issues mitigation. For both the above introduced HST management strategies, a reduction of more than 70% of the nominal PEMELS power and 90% of the HST size, which will in turn lead to SPB and LCOE being reduced by 80% and 60% in comparison to the islanded case, respectively, is achieved. Furthermore, the charge depleting strategy, relying on possible hydrogen purchase, interestingly provides an SPB and LCOE of 9% and 7% lower than the charge sustaining one. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:23:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8f04885f24624c1996379f5665503d5b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:23:50Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-8f04885f24624c1996379f5665503d5b2023-11-19T08:06:14ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732023-08-011617631610.3390/en16176316Modelling Methodologies to Design and Control Renewables and Hydrogen-Based Telecom Towers Power Supply SystemsPaolo Aliberti0Marco Sorrentino1Marco Califano2Cesare Pianese3Luca Capozucca4Laura Cristiani5Gianpiero Lops6Roberto Mancini7Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Salerno, ItalyDepartment of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Salerno, ItalyDepartment of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Salerno, ItalyDepartment of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Salerno, ItalyInfrastrutture Wireless Italiane S.p.A. Largo Donegani n. 2, 20121 Milano, ItalyInfrastrutture Wireless Italiane S.p.A. Largo Donegani n. 2, 20121 Milano, ItalyInfrastrutture Wireless Italiane S.p.A. Largo Donegani n. 2, 20121 Milano, ItalyInfrastrutture Wireless Italiane S.p.A. Largo Donegani n. 2, 20121 Milano, ItalyProton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFCS) and electrolyser (PEMELS) systems, together with a hydrogen storage tank (HST), are suitable to be integrated with renewable microgrids to cover intermittency and fully exploit the excess of electrical energy. Such an integration perfectly fits telecom tower power supply needs, both in off-grid and grid-connected sites. In this framework, a model-based tool enabling both optimal sizing and proper year-through energy management of both the above applications is proposed. Respectively, the islanded optimisation is performed considering two economic indices, i.e., simple payback (SPB) and levelised cost of energy (LCOE), together with two strategies of hydrogen tank management, charge sustaining and depleting, and also accounting for the impact of grid extension distance. On the other hand, the grid connection is addressed through the dynamic programming method, while downsizing PEMELS and HST sizes to improve techno-economic effectiveness, thanks to grid contribution towards renewables curtailment issues mitigation. For both the above introduced HST management strategies, a reduction of more than 70% of the nominal PEMELS power and 90% of the HST size, which will in turn lead to SPB and LCOE being reduced by 80% and 60% in comparison to the islanded case, respectively, is achieved. Furthermore, the charge depleting strategy, relying on possible hydrogen purchase, interestingly provides an SPB and LCOE of 9% and 7% lower than the charge sustaining one.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/17/6316remote and on-grid telecom towers power supplyhydrogen PEM fuel cell and electrolysercodesign strategiesdynamic programmingenergy managementoptimal sizing |
| spellingShingle | Paolo Aliberti Marco Sorrentino Marco Califano Cesare Pianese Luca Capozucca Laura Cristiani Gianpiero Lops Roberto Mancini Modelling Methodologies to Design and Control Renewables and Hydrogen-Based Telecom Towers Power Supply Systems Energies remote and on-grid telecom towers power supply hydrogen PEM fuel cell and electrolyser codesign strategies dynamic programming energy management optimal sizing |
| title | Modelling Methodologies to Design and Control Renewables and Hydrogen-Based Telecom Towers Power Supply Systems |
| title_full | Modelling Methodologies to Design and Control Renewables and Hydrogen-Based Telecom Towers Power Supply Systems |
| title_fullStr | Modelling Methodologies to Design and Control Renewables and Hydrogen-Based Telecom Towers Power Supply Systems |
| title_full_unstemmed | Modelling Methodologies to Design and Control Renewables and Hydrogen-Based Telecom Towers Power Supply Systems |
| title_short | Modelling Methodologies to Design and Control Renewables and Hydrogen-Based Telecom Towers Power Supply Systems |
| title_sort | modelling methodologies to design and control renewables and hydrogen based telecom towers power supply systems |
| topic | remote and on-grid telecom towers power supply hydrogen PEM fuel cell and electrolyser codesign strategies dynamic programming energy management optimal sizing |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/17/6316 |
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