Methane Emissions in Boreal Forest Fire Regions: Assessment of Five Biomass-Burning Emission Inventories Based on Carbon Sensing Satellites
Greenhouse gases such as CH<sub>4</sub> generated by forest fires have a significant impact on atmospheric methane concentrations and terrestrial vegetation methane budgets. Verification in conjunction with “top-down” satellite remote sensing observation has become a vital way to verify...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Remote Sensing |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/18/4547 |
| _version_ | 1797577248306364416 |
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| author | Siyan Zhao Li Wang Yusheng Shi Zhaocheng Zeng Biswajit Nath Zheng Niu |
| author_facet | Siyan Zhao Li Wang Yusheng Shi Zhaocheng Zeng Biswajit Nath Zheng Niu |
| author_sort | Siyan Zhao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Greenhouse gases such as CH<sub>4</sub> generated by forest fires have a significant impact on atmospheric methane concentrations and terrestrial vegetation methane budgets. Verification in conjunction with “top-down” satellite remote sensing observation has become a vital way to verify biomass-burning emission inventories and accurately assess greenhouse gases while looking into the limitations in reliability and quantification of existing “bottom-up” biomass-burning emission inventories. Therefore, we considered boreal forest fire regions as an example while combining five biomass-burning emission inventories and CH<sub>4</sub> indicators of atmospheric concentration satellite observation data. By introducing numerical comparison, correlation analysis and trend consistency analysis methods, we explained the lag effect between emissions and atmospheric concentration changes and evaluated a more reliable emission inventory using time series similarity measurement methods. The results indicated that total methane emissions from five biomass-burning emission inventories differed by a factor of 2.9 in our study area, ranging from 2.02 to 5.84 Tg for methane. The time trends of the five inventories showed good consistency, with the Quick Fire Emissions Dataset version 2.5 (QFED2.5) having a higher correlation coefficient (above 0.8) with the other four datasets. By comparing the consistency between the inventories and satellite data, a lagging effect was found to be present between the changes in atmospheric concentration and gas emissions caused by forest fires on a seasonal scale. After eliminating lagging effects and combining time series similarity measures, the QFED2.5 (Euclidean distance = 0.14) was found to have the highest similarity to satellite data. In contrast, Global Fire Emissions Database version 4.1 with small fires (GFED4.1s) and Global Fire Assimilation System version 1.2 (GFAS1.2) had larger Euclidean distances of 0.52 and 0.4, respectively, which meant that they had lower similarity to satellite data. Therefore, QFED2.5 was found to be more reliable while having higher application accuracy compared to the other four datasets in our study area. This study further provided a better understanding of the key role of forest fire emissions in atmospheric CH<sub>4</sub> concentrations and offered reference for selecting appropriate biomass burning emission inventory datasets for bottom-up inventory estimation studies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:05:32Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8f08c4bcd19b4ba399fae34222ac33dc |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-4292 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:05:32Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Remote Sensing |
| spelling | doaj.art-8f08c4bcd19b4ba399fae34222ac33dc2023-11-19T12:49:12ZengMDPI AGRemote Sensing2072-42922023-09-011518454710.3390/rs15184547Methane Emissions in Boreal Forest Fire Regions: Assessment of Five Biomass-Burning Emission Inventories Based on Carbon Sensing SatellitesSiyan Zhao0Li Wang1Yusheng Shi2Zhaocheng Zeng3Biswajit Nath4Zheng Niu5State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, ChinaInstitute of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems, Peking University, Beijing 100871, ChinaDepartment of Geography and Environmental Studies, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, BangladeshState Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, ChinaGreenhouse gases such as CH<sub>4</sub> generated by forest fires have a significant impact on atmospheric methane concentrations and terrestrial vegetation methane budgets. Verification in conjunction with “top-down” satellite remote sensing observation has become a vital way to verify biomass-burning emission inventories and accurately assess greenhouse gases while looking into the limitations in reliability and quantification of existing “bottom-up” biomass-burning emission inventories. Therefore, we considered boreal forest fire regions as an example while combining five biomass-burning emission inventories and CH<sub>4</sub> indicators of atmospheric concentration satellite observation data. By introducing numerical comparison, correlation analysis and trend consistency analysis methods, we explained the lag effect between emissions and atmospheric concentration changes and evaluated a more reliable emission inventory using time series similarity measurement methods. The results indicated that total methane emissions from five biomass-burning emission inventories differed by a factor of 2.9 in our study area, ranging from 2.02 to 5.84 Tg for methane. The time trends of the five inventories showed good consistency, with the Quick Fire Emissions Dataset version 2.5 (QFED2.5) having a higher correlation coefficient (above 0.8) with the other four datasets. By comparing the consistency between the inventories and satellite data, a lagging effect was found to be present between the changes in atmospheric concentration and gas emissions caused by forest fires on a seasonal scale. After eliminating lagging effects and combining time series similarity measures, the QFED2.5 (Euclidean distance = 0.14) was found to have the highest similarity to satellite data. In contrast, Global Fire Emissions Database version 4.1 with small fires (GFED4.1s) and Global Fire Assimilation System version 1.2 (GFAS1.2) had larger Euclidean distances of 0.52 and 0.4, respectively, which meant that they had lower similarity to satellite data. Therefore, QFED2.5 was found to be more reliable while having higher application accuracy compared to the other four datasets in our study area. This study further provided a better understanding of the key role of forest fire emissions in atmospheric CH<sub>4</sub> concentrations and offered reference for selecting appropriate biomass burning emission inventory datasets for bottom-up inventory estimation studies.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/18/4547boreal forest fireCH<sub>4</sub> concentrationsbiomass burningemission inventorysatellite observations |
| spellingShingle | Siyan Zhao Li Wang Yusheng Shi Zhaocheng Zeng Biswajit Nath Zheng Niu Methane Emissions in Boreal Forest Fire Regions: Assessment of Five Biomass-Burning Emission Inventories Based on Carbon Sensing Satellites Remote Sensing boreal forest fire CH<sub>4</sub> concentrations biomass burning emission inventory satellite observations |
| title | Methane Emissions in Boreal Forest Fire Regions: Assessment of Five Biomass-Burning Emission Inventories Based on Carbon Sensing Satellites |
| title_full | Methane Emissions in Boreal Forest Fire Regions: Assessment of Five Biomass-Burning Emission Inventories Based on Carbon Sensing Satellites |
| title_fullStr | Methane Emissions in Boreal Forest Fire Regions: Assessment of Five Biomass-Burning Emission Inventories Based on Carbon Sensing Satellites |
| title_full_unstemmed | Methane Emissions in Boreal Forest Fire Regions: Assessment of Five Biomass-Burning Emission Inventories Based on Carbon Sensing Satellites |
| title_short | Methane Emissions in Boreal Forest Fire Regions: Assessment of Five Biomass-Burning Emission Inventories Based on Carbon Sensing Satellites |
| title_sort | methane emissions in boreal forest fire regions assessment of five biomass burning emission inventories based on carbon sensing satellites |
| topic | boreal forest fire CH<sub>4</sub> concentrations biomass burning emission inventory satellite observations |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/18/4547 |
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