Does Consumption of Ultra-Processed Foods Matter for Liver Health? Prospective Analysis among Older Adults with Metabolic Syndrome
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) includes a spectrum of liver alterations that can result in severe disease and even death. Consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF) has been associated with obesity and related comorbidities. However, the link between UPF and NAFLD has not been sufficientl...
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Nutrients |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/19/4142 |
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| author | Jadwiga Konieczna Miguel Fiol Antoni Colom Miguel Ángel Martínez-González Jordi Salas-Salvadó Dolores Corella María Trinidad Soria-Florido J. Alfredo Martínez Ángel M. Alonso-Gómez Julia Wärnberg Jesús Vioque José López-Miranda Ramon Estruch M. Rosa Bernal-López José Lapetra Lluís Serra-Majem Aurora Bueno-Cavanillas Josep A. Tur Vicente Martín Sánchez Xavier Pintó José J. Gaforio Pilar Matía-Martín Josep Vidal Clotilde Vázquez Lidia Daimiel Emilio Ros Maira Bes-Rastrollo María Pascual Jose V. Sorlí Albert Goday María Ángeles Zulet Anai Moreno-Rodriguez Francisco Jesús Carmona González Rafael Valls-Enguix Juana M. Janer Antonio Garcia-Rios Rosa Casas Ana M. Gomez-Perez José Manuel Santos-Lozano F. Javier Basterra-Gortari María Ángeles Martínez Carolina Ortega-Azorin Joan Bayó Itziar Abete Itziar Salaverria-Lete Miguel Ruiz-Canela Nancy Babio Lourdes Carres Dora Romaguera |
| author_facet | Jadwiga Konieczna Miguel Fiol Antoni Colom Miguel Ángel Martínez-González Jordi Salas-Salvadó Dolores Corella María Trinidad Soria-Florido J. Alfredo Martínez Ángel M. Alonso-Gómez Julia Wärnberg Jesús Vioque José López-Miranda Ramon Estruch M. Rosa Bernal-López José Lapetra Lluís Serra-Majem Aurora Bueno-Cavanillas Josep A. Tur Vicente Martín Sánchez Xavier Pintó José J. Gaforio Pilar Matía-Martín Josep Vidal Clotilde Vázquez Lidia Daimiel Emilio Ros Maira Bes-Rastrollo María Pascual Jose V. Sorlí Albert Goday María Ángeles Zulet Anai Moreno-Rodriguez Francisco Jesús Carmona González Rafael Valls-Enguix Juana M. Janer Antonio Garcia-Rios Rosa Casas Ana M. Gomez-Perez José Manuel Santos-Lozano F. Javier Basterra-Gortari María Ángeles Martínez Carolina Ortega-Azorin Joan Bayó Itziar Abete Itziar Salaverria-Lete Miguel Ruiz-Canela Nancy Babio Lourdes Carres Dora Romaguera |
| author_sort | Jadwiga Konieczna |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) includes a spectrum of liver alterations that can result in severe disease and even death. Consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF) has been associated with obesity and related comorbidities. However, the link between UPF and NAFLD has not been sufficiently assessed. We aimed to investigate the prospective association between UPF consumption and liver health biomarkers. <b>Methods:</b> We followed for 1 year 5867 older participants with overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) from the PREDIMED-Plus trial. A validated 143-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was used to evaluate consumption of UPF at baseline, 6, and 12 months. The degree of processing for foods and beverages (g/day) was established according to the NOVA classification system. The non-invasive fatty liver index (FLI) and hepatic steatosis index (HSI) were used to evaluate liver health at three points in time. The associations between changes in UPF consumption (percentage of total daily dietary intake (g)) and liver biomarkers were assessed using mixed-effects linear models with repeated measurements. <b>Results:</b> In this cohort, UPF consumption at baseline was 8.19% (SD 6.95%) of total daily dietary intake in grams. In multivariable models, each 10% daily increment in UPF consumption in 1 year was associated with significantly greater FLI (β 1.60 points, 95% CI 1.24;1.96 points) and HSI (0.43, 0.29; 0.57) scores (all <i>p</i>-values < 0.001). These associations persisted statistically significant after adjusting for potential dietary confounders and NAFLD risk factors. <b>Conclusions:</b> A higher UPF consumption was associated with higher levels of NAFLD-related biomarkers in older adults with overweight/obesity and MetS. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:19:01Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8f0d9fb081024f93a2edf10ce95c098e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:19:01Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-8f0d9fb081024f93a2edf10ce95c098e2023-11-23T21:26:20ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432022-10-011419414210.3390/nu14194142Does Consumption of Ultra-Processed Foods Matter for Liver Health? Prospective Analysis among Older Adults with Metabolic SyndromeJadwiga Konieczna0Miguel Fiol1Antoni Colom2Miguel Ángel Martínez-González3Jordi Salas-Salvadó4Dolores Corella5María Trinidad Soria-Florido6J. Alfredo Martínez7Ángel M. Alonso-Gómez8Julia Wärnberg9Jesús Vioque10José López-Miranda11Ramon Estruch12M. Rosa Bernal-López13José Lapetra14Lluís Serra-Majem15Aurora Bueno-Cavanillas16Josep A. Tur17Vicente Martín Sánchez18Xavier Pintó19José J. Gaforio20Pilar Matía-Martín21Josep Vidal22Clotilde Vázquez23Lidia Daimiel24Emilio Ros25Maira Bes-Rastrollo26María Pascual27Jose V. Sorlí28Albert Goday29María Ángeles Zulet30Anai Moreno-Rodriguez31Francisco Jesús Carmona González32Rafael Valls-Enguix33Juana M. Janer34Antonio Garcia-Rios35Rosa Casas36Ana M. Gomez-Perez37José Manuel Santos-Lozano38F. Javier Basterra-Gortari39María Ángeles Martínez40Carolina Ortega-Azorin41Joan Bayó42Itziar Abete43Itziar Salaverria-Lete44Miguel Ruiz-Canela45Nancy Babio46Lourdes Carres47Dora Romaguera48Research Group on Nutritional Epidemiology & Cardiovascular Physiopathology (NUTRECOR), Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), University Hospital Son Espases (HUSE), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, SpainResearch Group on Nutritional Epidemiology & Cardiovascular Physiopathology (NUTRECOR), Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), University Hospital Son Espases (HUSE), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, SpainResearch Group on Nutritional Epidemiology & Cardiovascular Physiopathology (NUTRECOR), Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), University Hospital Son Espases (HUSE), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, SpainCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, SpainCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, SpainCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, SpainCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, SpainCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, SpainCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, SpainCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, SpainCIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, SpainCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, SpainCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, SpainCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, SpainCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, SpainCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, SpainCIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, SpainCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, SpainCIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, SpainCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, SpainCIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, SpainDepartment of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, SpainCIBER Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, SpainCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, SpainNutritional Control of the Epigenome Group, Precision Nutrition and Obesity Program, IMDEA Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, 28049 Madrid, SpainCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, SpainCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, SpainCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, SpainCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, SpainCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, SpainCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, SpainCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, SpainUnidad de Gestión Clínica Torrequebrada, Distrito de Atención Primaria Costa del Sol, Servicio Andaluz de Salud, 29640 Benalmádena, SpainRaval Health Care Centre, 03203 Elche, SpainResearch Group on Nutritional Epidemiology & Cardiovascular Physiopathology (NUTRECOR), Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), University Hospital Son Espases (HUSE), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, SpainCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, SpainCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, SpainCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, SpainCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, SpainDepartment of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, IDISNA, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, SpainCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, SpainCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, SpainCAP El Clot, Institut Català de la Salut, 08018 Barcelona, SpainCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, SpainCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, SpainCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, SpainCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, SpainAtención Primaria Sant Martí, Institut Català de la Salut, 08020 Barcelona, SpainResearch Group on Nutritional Epidemiology & Cardiovascular Physiopathology (NUTRECOR), Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), University Hospital Son Espases (HUSE), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, SpainNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) includes a spectrum of liver alterations that can result in severe disease and even death. Consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF) has been associated with obesity and related comorbidities. However, the link between UPF and NAFLD has not been sufficiently assessed. We aimed to investigate the prospective association between UPF consumption and liver health biomarkers. <b>Methods:</b> We followed for 1 year 5867 older participants with overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) from the PREDIMED-Plus trial. A validated 143-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was used to evaluate consumption of UPF at baseline, 6, and 12 months. The degree of processing for foods and beverages (g/day) was established according to the NOVA classification system. The non-invasive fatty liver index (FLI) and hepatic steatosis index (HSI) were used to evaluate liver health at three points in time. The associations between changes in UPF consumption (percentage of total daily dietary intake (g)) and liver biomarkers were assessed using mixed-effects linear models with repeated measurements. <b>Results:</b> In this cohort, UPF consumption at baseline was 8.19% (SD 6.95%) of total daily dietary intake in grams. In multivariable models, each 10% daily increment in UPF consumption in 1 year was associated with significantly greater FLI (β 1.60 points, 95% CI 1.24;1.96 points) and HSI (0.43, 0.29; 0.57) scores (all <i>p</i>-values < 0.001). These associations persisted statistically significant after adjusting for potential dietary confounders and NAFLD risk factors. <b>Conclusions:</b> A higher UPF consumption was associated with higher levels of NAFLD-related biomarkers in older adults with overweight/obesity and MetS.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/19/4142ultra-processed foodsliver health markersfatty liver indexhepatic steatosis indexmetabolic syndrome |
| spellingShingle | Jadwiga Konieczna Miguel Fiol Antoni Colom Miguel Ángel Martínez-González Jordi Salas-Salvadó Dolores Corella María Trinidad Soria-Florido J. Alfredo Martínez Ángel M. Alonso-Gómez Julia Wärnberg Jesús Vioque José López-Miranda Ramon Estruch M. Rosa Bernal-López José Lapetra Lluís Serra-Majem Aurora Bueno-Cavanillas Josep A. Tur Vicente Martín Sánchez Xavier Pintó José J. Gaforio Pilar Matía-Martín Josep Vidal Clotilde Vázquez Lidia Daimiel Emilio Ros Maira Bes-Rastrollo María Pascual Jose V. Sorlí Albert Goday María Ángeles Zulet Anai Moreno-Rodriguez Francisco Jesús Carmona González Rafael Valls-Enguix Juana M. Janer Antonio Garcia-Rios Rosa Casas Ana M. Gomez-Perez José Manuel Santos-Lozano F. Javier Basterra-Gortari María Ángeles Martínez Carolina Ortega-Azorin Joan Bayó Itziar Abete Itziar Salaverria-Lete Miguel Ruiz-Canela Nancy Babio Lourdes Carres Dora Romaguera Does Consumption of Ultra-Processed Foods Matter for Liver Health? Prospective Analysis among Older Adults with Metabolic Syndrome Nutrients ultra-processed foods liver health markers fatty liver index hepatic steatosis index metabolic syndrome |
| title | Does Consumption of Ultra-Processed Foods Matter for Liver Health? Prospective Analysis among Older Adults with Metabolic Syndrome |
| title_full | Does Consumption of Ultra-Processed Foods Matter for Liver Health? Prospective Analysis among Older Adults with Metabolic Syndrome |
| title_fullStr | Does Consumption of Ultra-Processed Foods Matter for Liver Health? Prospective Analysis among Older Adults with Metabolic Syndrome |
| title_full_unstemmed | Does Consumption of Ultra-Processed Foods Matter for Liver Health? Prospective Analysis among Older Adults with Metabolic Syndrome |
| title_short | Does Consumption of Ultra-Processed Foods Matter for Liver Health? Prospective Analysis among Older Adults with Metabolic Syndrome |
| title_sort | does consumption of ultra processed foods matter for liver health prospective analysis among older adults with metabolic syndrome |
| topic | ultra-processed foods liver health markers fatty liver index hepatic steatosis index metabolic syndrome |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/19/4142 |
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