<i>Cannabis sativa</i> L. Inflorescences from Monoecious Cultivars Grown in Central Italy: An Untargeted Chemical Characterization from Early Flowering to Ripening
The chemical composition of the inflorescences from four <i>Cannabis sativa</i> L. monoecious cultivars (Ferimon, Uso-31, Felina 32 and Fedora 17), recently introduced in the Lazio Region, was monitored over the season from June to September giving indications on their sensorial, pharmac...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2020-04-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/8/1908 |
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| author | Cinzia Ingallina Anatoly P. Sobolev Simone Circi Mattia Spano Caterina Fraschetti Antonello Filippi Antonella Di Sotto Silvia Di Giacomo Giulia Mazzoccanti Francesco Gasparrini Deborah Quaglio Enio Campiglia Simone Carradori Marcello Locatelli Giuliana Vinci Mattia Rapa Salvatore Ciano Anna Maria Giusti Bruno Botta Francesca Ghirga Donatella Capitani Luisa Mannina |
| author_facet | Cinzia Ingallina Anatoly P. Sobolev Simone Circi Mattia Spano Caterina Fraschetti Antonello Filippi Antonella Di Sotto Silvia Di Giacomo Giulia Mazzoccanti Francesco Gasparrini Deborah Quaglio Enio Campiglia Simone Carradori Marcello Locatelli Giuliana Vinci Mattia Rapa Salvatore Ciano Anna Maria Giusti Bruno Botta Francesca Ghirga Donatella Capitani Luisa Mannina |
| author_sort | Cinzia Ingallina |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The chemical composition of the inflorescences from four <i>Cannabis sativa</i> L. monoecious cultivars (Ferimon, Uso-31, Felina 32 and Fedora 17), recently introduced in the Lazio Region, was monitored over the season from June to September giving indications on their sensorial, pharmaceutical/nutraceutical proprieties. Both untargeted (NMR) and targeted (GC/MS, UHPLC, HPLC-PDA/FD and spectrophotometry) analyses were carried out to identify and quantify compounds of different classes (sugars, organic acids, amino acids, cannabinoids, terpenoids, phenols, tannins, flavonoids and biogenic amines). All cultivars in each harvesting period showed a THC content below the Italian legal limit, although in general THC content increased over the season. Citric acid, malic acid and glucose showed the highest content in the late flowering period, whereas the content of proline drastically decreased after June in all cultivars. Neophytadiene, nerolidol and chlorogenic acid were quantified only in Felina 32 cultivar, characterized also by a very high content of flavonoids, whereas alloaromadendrene and <i>trans</i>-cinnamic acid were detected only in Uso-31 cultivar. Naringenin and naringin were present only in Fedora 17 and Ferimon cultivars, respectively. Moreover, Ferimon had the highest concentration of biogenic amines, especially in July and August. Cadaverine was present in all cultivars but only in September. These results suggest that the chemical composition of <i>Cannabis sativa</i> L. inflorescences depends on the cultivar and on the harvesting period. Producers can use this information as a guide to obtain inflorescences with peculiar chemical characteristics according to the specific use. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:20:26Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8f2ca6877cba4b33852e8b4e93dbff61 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:20:26Z |
| publishDate | 2020-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-8f2ca6877cba4b33852e8b4e93dbff612023-11-19T22:13:57ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492020-04-01258190810.3390/molecules25081908<i>Cannabis sativa</i> L. Inflorescences from Monoecious Cultivars Grown in Central Italy: An Untargeted Chemical Characterization from Early Flowering to RipeningCinzia Ingallina0Anatoly P. Sobolev1Simone Circi2Mattia Spano3Caterina Fraschetti4Antonello Filippi5Antonella Di Sotto6Silvia Di Giacomo7Giulia Mazzoccanti8Francesco Gasparrini9Deborah Quaglio10Enio Campiglia11Simone Carradori12Marcello Locatelli13Giuliana Vinci14Mattia Rapa15Salvatore Ciano16Anna Maria Giusti17Bruno Botta18Francesca Ghirga19Donatella Capitani20Luisa Mannina21Department of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, ItalyInstitute for Biological Systems, Magnetic Resonance Laboratory “Segre-Capitani”, CNR, Via Salaria Km 29.300, 00015 Monterotondo, ItalyDepartment of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Physiology and Pharmacology “V. Ersparmer”, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Physiology and Pharmacology “V. Ersparmer”, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Agriculture and Forest Sciences, University of Tuscia, Via San Camillo de Lellis snc, 01100 Viterbo, ItalyDepartment of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, ItalyDepartment of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, ItalyDepartment of Management, Sapienza University of Rome, via del Castro Laurenziano 9, 00161 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Management, Sapienza University of Rome, via del Castro Laurenziano 9, 00161 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Management, Sapienza University of Rome, via del Castro Laurenziano 9, 00161 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, ItalyCenter for Life Nano Science@Sapienza, Italian Institute of Technology, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161 Rome, ItalyInstitute for Biological Systems, Magnetic Resonance Laboratory “Segre-Capitani”, CNR, Via Salaria Km 29.300, 00015 Monterotondo, ItalyDepartment of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, ItalyThe chemical composition of the inflorescences from four <i>Cannabis sativa</i> L. monoecious cultivars (Ferimon, Uso-31, Felina 32 and Fedora 17), recently introduced in the Lazio Region, was monitored over the season from June to September giving indications on their sensorial, pharmaceutical/nutraceutical proprieties. Both untargeted (NMR) and targeted (GC/MS, UHPLC, HPLC-PDA/FD and spectrophotometry) analyses were carried out to identify and quantify compounds of different classes (sugars, organic acids, amino acids, cannabinoids, terpenoids, phenols, tannins, flavonoids and biogenic amines). All cultivars in each harvesting period showed a THC content below the Italian legal limit, although in general THC content increased over the season. Citric acid, malic acid and glucose showed the highest content in the late flowering period, whereas the content of proline drastically decreased after June in all cultivars. Neophytadiene, nerolidol and chlorogenic acid were quantified only in Felina 32 cultivar, characterized also by a very high content of flavonoids, whereas alloaromadendrene and <i>trans</i>-cinnamic acid were detected only in Uso-31 cultivar. Naringenin and naringin were present only in Fedora 17 and Ferimon cultivars, respectively. Moreover, Ferimon had the highest concentration of biogenic amines, especially in July and August. Cadaverine was present in all cultivars but only in September. These results suggest that the chemical composition of <i>Cannabis sativa</i> L. inflorescences depends on the cultivar and on the harvesting period. Producers can use this information as a guide to obtain inflorescences with peculiar chemical characteristics according to the specific use.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/8/1908<i>Cannabis sativa</i> L.monoecious cultivarsinflorescencescannabinoidsmetabolic profilemultimethodological analysis |
| spellingShingle | Cinzia Ingallina Anatoly P. Sobolev Simone Circi Mattia Spano Caterina Fraschetti Antonello Filippi Antonella Di Sotto Silvia Di Giacomo Giulia Mazzoccanti Francesco Gasparrini Deborah Quaglio Enio Campiglia Simone Carradori Marcello Locatelli Giuliana Vinci Mattia Rapa Salvatore Ciano Anna Maria Giusti Bruno Botta Francesca Ghirga Donatella Capitani Luisa Mannina <i>Cannabis sativa</i> L. Inflorescences from Monoecious Cultivars Grown in Central Italy: An Untargeted Chemical Characterization from Early Flowering to Ripening Molecules <i>Cannabis sativa</i> L. monoecious cultivars inflorescences cannabinoids metabolic profile multimethodological analysis |
| title | <i>Cannabis sativa</i> L. Inflorescences from Monoecious Cultivars Grown in Central Italy: An Untargeted Chemical Characterization from Early Flowering to Ripening |
| title_full | <i>Cannabis sativa</i> L. Inflorescences from Monoecious Cultivars Grown in Central Italy: An Untargeted Chemical Characterization from Early Flowering to Ripening |
| title_fullStr | <i>Cannabis sativa</i> L. Inflorescences from Monoecious Cultivars Grown in Central Italy: An Untargeted Chemical Characterization from Early Flowering to Ripening |
| title_full_unstemmed | <i>Cannabis sativa</i> L. Inflorescences from Monoecious Cultivars Grown in Central Italy: An Untargeted Chemical Characterization from Early Flowering to Ripening |
| title_short | <i>Cannabis sativa</i> L. Inflorescences from Monoecious Cultivars Grown in Central Italy: An Untargeted Chemical Characterization from Early Flowering to Ripening |
| title_sort | i cannabis sativa i l inflorescences from monoecious cultivars grown in central italy an untargeted chemical characterization from early flowering to ripening |
| topic | <i>Cannabis sativa</i> L. monoecious cultivars inflorescences cannabinoids metabolic profile multimethodological analysis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/8/1908 |
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