Isolation and Identification of Inter-Species <i>Enterovirus</i> Recombinant Genomes
Positive-strand RNA virus evolution is partly attributed to the process of recombination. Although common between closely genetically related viruses, such as within species of the <i>Enterovirus</i> genus of the <i>Picornaviridae</i> family, inter-species recombination is ra...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-11-01
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| Series: | Viruses |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/13/12/2390 |
| _version_ | 1797499983610511360 |
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| author | Kirsten Bentley Han Kang Tee Ashley Pearson Kym Lowry Sheila Waugh Siân Jones Yoke Fun Chan David J. Evans |
| author_facet | Kirsten Bentley Han Kang Tee Ashley Pearson Kym Lowry Sheila Waugh Siân Jones Yoke Fun Chan David J. Evans |
| author_sort | Kirsten Bentley |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Positive-strand RNA virus evolution is partly attributed to the process of recombination. Although common between closely genetically related viruses, such as within species of the <i>Enterovirus</i> genus of the <i>Picornaviridae</i> family, inter-species recombination is rarely observed in nature. Recent studies have shown recombination is a ubiquitous process, resulting in a wide range of recombinant genomes and progeny viruses. While not all recombinant genomes yield infectious progeny virus, their existence and continued evolution during replication have critical implications for the evolution of the virus population. In this study, we utilised an in vitro recombination assay to demonstrate inter-species recombination events between viruses from four enterovirus species, A-D. We show that inter-species recombinant genomes are generated in vitro with polymerase template-switching events occurring within the virus polyprotein coding region. However, these genomes did not yield infectious progeny virus. Analysis and attempted recovery of a constructed recombinant cDNA revealed a restriction in positive-strand but not negative-strand RNA synthesis, indicating a significant block in replication. This study demonstrates the propensity for inter-species recombination at the genome level but suggests that significant sequence plasticity would be required in order to overcome blocks in the virus life cycle and allow for the production of infectious viruses. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:55:19Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8f5ac9bf092f48188b595da43ac8c6ec |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:55:19Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj.art-8f5ac9bf092f48188b595da43ac8c6ec2023-11-23T10:57:14ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152021-11-011312239010.3390/v13122390Isolation and Identification of Inter-Species <i>Enterovirus</i> Recombinant GenomesKirsten Bentley0Han Kang Tee1Ashley Pearson2Kym Lowry3Sheila Waugh4Siân Jones5Yoke Fun Chan6David J. Evans7Biomedical Sciences Research Complex, School of Biology, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews KY16 9ST, UKDepartment of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, MalaysiaBiomedical Sciences Research Complex, School of Biology, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews KY16 9ST, UKCentre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4029, AustraliaMicrobiology and Virology, Freeman Hospital, The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne NE7 7DN, UKBiomedical Sciences Research Complex, School of Biology, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews KY16 9ST, UKDepartment of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, MalaysiaBiomedical Sciences Research Complex, School of Biology, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews KY16 9ST, UKPositive-strand RNA virus evolution is partly attributed to the process of recombination. Although common between closely genetically related viruses, such as within species of the <i>Enterovirus</i> genus of the <i>Picornaviridae</i> family, inter-species recombination is rarely observed in nature. Recent studies have shown recombination is a ubiquitous process, resulting in a wide range of recombinant genomes and progeny viruses. While not all recombinant genomes yield infectious progeny virus, their existence and continued evolution during replication have critical implications for the evolution of the virus population. In this study, we utilised an in vitro recombination assay to demonstrate inter-species recombination events between viruses from four enterovirus species, A-D. We show that inter-species recombinant genomes are generated in vitro with polymerase template-switching events occurring within the virus polyprotein coding region. However, these genomes did not yield infectious progeny virus. Analysis and attempted recovery of a constructed recombinant cDNA revealed a restriction in positive-strand but not negative-strand RNA synthesis, indicating a significant block in replication. This study demonstrates the propensity for inter-species recombination at the genome level but suggests that significant sequence plasticity would be required in order to overcome blocks in the virus life cycle and allow for the production of infectious viruses.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/13/12/2390recombinationenterovirusvirus evolution |
| spellingShingle | Kirsten Bentley Han Kang Tee Ashley Pearson Kym Lowry Sheila Waugh Siân Jones Yoke Fun Chan David J. Evans Isolation and Identification of Inter-Species <i>Enterovirus</i> Recombinant Genomes Viruses recombination enterovirus virus evolution |
| title | Isolation and Identification of Inter-Species <i>Enterovirus</i> Recombinant Genomes |
| title_full | Isolation and Identification of Inter-Species <i>Enterovirus</i> Recombinant Genomes |
| title_fullStr | Isolation and Identification of Inter-Species <i>Enterovirus</i> Recombinant Genomes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Isolation and Identification of Inter-Species <i>Enterovirus</i> Recombinant Genomes |
| title_short | Isolation and Identification of Inter-Species <i>Enterovirus</i> Recombinant Genomes |
| title_sort | isolation and identification of inter species i enterovirus i recombinant genomes |
| topic | recombination enterovirus virus evolution |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/13/12/2390 |
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