Imbalance in the Gut Microbiota of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders
BackgroundAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) are complex behavioral changes manifesting early in childhood, which impacts how an individual perceives and socializes with others. The study aims to assess the disparities in gut microbiota (GM) amongst healthy controls and children with ASD.MethodsThe stud...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-11-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2021.572752/full |
| _version_ | 1819033430206185472 |
|---|---|
| author | Hongfang Ding Xinhao Yi Xiaohua Zhang Hui Wang Hui Liu Wei-Wei Mou |
| author_facet | Hongfang Ding Xinhao Yi Xiaohua Zhang Hui Wang Hui Liu Wei-Wei Mou |
| author_sort | Hongfang Ding |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) are complex behavioral changes manifesting early in childhood, which impacts how an individual perceives and socializes with others. The study aims to assess the disparities in gut microbiota (GM) amongst healthy controls and children with ASD.MethodsThe study was performed on 25 children with ASD and 20 healthy children. Autistic symptoms were diagnosed and assessed with the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders and the Autism Treatment Evaluation Checklist (ATEC). Gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms were assessed with a GI Severity Index (GSI) questionnaire. The fecal bacteria composition was investigated by the high−throughput sequencing of the V3–V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene. The alpha diversity was estimated using the Shannon, Chao, and ACE indexes. The unweighted UniFrac analysis and the PCA plots were used to represent the beta diversity. LDA and LEfSe were used to assess the effect sizes of each abundant differential taxon.ResultsChildren with high GSI scores had much higher ATEC Total scores than those with lower GSI-scores. GI symptoms were strongly associated with symptoms of ASD. There was no difference in Chao, ACE, and Shannon indexes between ASD patients and healthy controls. Both groups showed a significant microbiota structure clustering in the plotted PCAs and significant differences in its composition at the family, order, genus, and phyla levels. There were also noteworthy overall relative differences in Actinobacteria and Firmicutes between both groups.ConclusionsThis study shows the relationship between the clinical manifestations of Autistic symptoms and GI symptoms. ASD patients have dysbiosis of gut microbiota, which may be related to the onset of ASD. These findings may be beneficial for developing ASD symptoms by changing gut microbiota. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T07:17:43Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8f5b5a2a428443938c6e83ebd9bbf936 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2235-2988 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T07:17:43Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-8f5b5a2a428443938c6e83ebd9bbf9362022-12-21T19:11:50ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology2235-29882021-11-011110.3389/fcimb.2021.572752572752Imbalance in the Gut Microbiota of Children With Autism Spectrum DisordersHongfang Ding0Xinhao Yi1Xiaohua Zhang2Hui Wang3Hui Liu4Wei-Wei Mou5Department of Pediatrics, Shengli Oil Field Central Hospital, Dongying, ChinaDepartment of Central Laboratory, Shengli Oil Field Central Hospital, Dongying, ChinaDepartment of Pediatrics, Shengli Oil Field Central Hospital, Dongying, ChinaDepartment of Pediatrics, Shengli Oil Field Central Hospital, Dongying, ChinaDepartment of Pediatrics, Shengli Oil Field Central Hospital, Dongying, ChinaDepartment of Pediatrics, Shengli Oil Field Central Hospital, Dongying, ChinaBackgroundAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) are complex behavioral changes manifesting early in childhood, which impacts how an individual perceives and socializes with others. The study aims to assess the disparities in gut microbiota (GM) amongst healthy controls and children with ASD.MethodsThe study was performed on 25 children with ASD and 20 healthy children. Autistic symptoms were diagnosed and assessed with the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders and the Autism Treatment Evaluation Checklist (ATEC). Gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms were assessed with a GI Severity Index (GSI) questionnaire. The fecal bacteria composition was investigated by the high−throughput sequencing of the V3–V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene. The alpha diversity was estimated using the Shannon, Chao, and ACE indexes. The unweighted UniFrac analysis and the PCA plots were used to represent the beta diversity. LDA and LEfSe were used to assess the effect sizes of each abundant differential taxon.ResultsChildren with high GSI scores had much higher ATEC Total scores than those with lower GSI-scores. GI symptoms were strongly associated with symptoms of ASD. There was no difference in Chao, ACE, and Shannon indexes between ASD patients and healthy controls. Both groups showed a significant microbiota structure clustering in the plotted PCAs and significant differences in its composition at the family, order, genus, and phyla levels. There were also noteworthy overall relative differences in Actinobacteria and Firmicutes between both groups.ConclusionsThis study shows the relationship between the clinical manifestations of Autistic symptoms and GI symptoms. ASD patients have dysbiosis of gut microbiota, which may be related to the onset of ASD. These findings may be beneficial for developing ASD symptoms by changing gut microbiota.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2021.572752/fullgut microbiotaautism spectrum disorderschildrenhigh−throughput sequencingFirmicutes and Actinobacteria |
| spellingShingle | Hongfang Ding Xinhao Yi Xiaohua Zhang Hui Wang Hui Liu Wei-Wei Mou Imbalance in the Gut Microbiota of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology gut microbiota autism spectrum disorders children high−throughput sequencing Firmicutes and Actinobacteria |
| title | Imbalance in the Gut Microbiota of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders |
| title_full | Imbalance in the Gut Microbiota of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders |
| title_fullStr | Imbalance in the Gut Microbiota of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders |
| title_full_unstemmed | Imbalance in the Gut Microbiota of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders |
| title_short | Imbalance in the Gut Microbiota of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders |
| title_sort | imbalance in the gut microbiota of children with autism spectrum disorders |
| topic | gut microbiota autism spectrum disorders children high−throughput sequencing Firmicutes and Actinobacteria |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2021.572752/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT hongfangding imbalanceinthegutmicrobiotaofchildrenwithautismspectrumdisorders AT xinhaoyi imbalanceinthegutmicrobiotaofchildrenwithautismspectrumdisorders AT xiaohuazhang imbalanceinthegutmicrobiotaofchildrenwithautismspectrumdisorders AT huiwang imbalanceinthegutmicrobiotaofchildrenwithautismspectrumdisorders AT huiliu imbalanceinthegutmicrobiotaofchildrenwithautismspectrumdisorders AT weiweimou imbalanceinthegutmicrobiotaofchildrenwithautismspectrumdisorders |