Differential chondro- and osteo-stimulation in three-dimensional porous scaffolds with different topological surfaces provides a design strategy for biphasic osteochondral engineering
Bone/cartilage interfacial tissue engineering needs to satisfy the differential properties and architectures of the osteochondral region. Therefore, biphasic or multiphasic scaffolds that aim to mimic the gradient hierarchy are widely used. Here, we find that two differently structured (topographica...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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SAGE Publishing
2019-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Tissue Engineering |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1177/2041731419826433 |
| _version_ | 1818838103614291968 |
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| author | Chinmaya Mahapatra Jung-Ju Kim Jung-Hwan Lee Guang-Zhen Jin Jonathan C Knowles Hae-Won Kim |
| author_facet | Chinmaya Mahapatra Jung-Ju Kim Jung-Hwan Lee Guang-Zhen Jin Jonathan C Knowles Hae-Won Kim |
| author_sort | Chinmaya Mahapatra |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Bone/cartilage interfacial tissue engineering needs to satisfy the differential properties and architectures of the osteochondral region. Therefore, biphasic or multiphasic scaffolds that aim to mimic the gradient hierarchy are widely used. Here, we find that two differently structured (topographically) three-dimensional scaffolds, namely, “dense” and “nanofibrous” surfaces, show differential stimulation in osteo- and chondro-responses of cells. While the nanofibrous scaffolds accelerate the osteogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells, the dense scaffolds are better in preserving the phenotypes of chondrocytes. Two types of porous scaffolds, generated by a salt-leaching method combined with a phase-separation process using the poly(lactic acid) composition, had a similar level of porosity (~90%) and pore size (~150 μm). The major difference in the surface nanostructure led to substantial changes in the surface area and water hydrophilicity (nanofibrous ≫ dense); as a result, the nanofibrous scaffolds increased the cell-to-matrix adhesion of mesenchymal stem cells significantly while decreasing the cell-to-cell contracts. Importantly, the chondrocytes, when cultured on nanofibrous scaffolds, were prone to lose their phenotype, including reduced chondrogenic expressions (SOX-9, collagen type II, and Aggrecan) and glycosaminoglycan content, which was ascribed to the enhanced cell–matrix adhesion with reduced cell–cell contacts. On the contrary, the osteogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells was significantly accelerated by the improved cell-to-matrix adhesion, as evidenced in the enhanced osteogenic expressions (RUNX2, bone sialoprotein, and osteopontin) and cellular mineralization. Based on these findings, we consider that the dense scaffold is preferentially used for the chondral-part, whereas the nanofibrous structure is suitable for osteo-part, to provide an optimal biphasic matrix environment for osteochondral tissue engineering. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-19T03:33:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8f5ed229eed1439abb3e3d408b6898ea |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2041-7314 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-19T03:33:05Z |
| publishDate | 2019-01-01 |
| publisher | SAGE Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Tissue Engineering |
| spelling | doaj.art-8f5ed229eed1439abb3e3d408b6898ea2022-12-21T20:37:28ZengSAGE PublishingJournal of Tissue Engineering2041-73142019-01-011010.1177/2041731419826433Differential chondro- and osteo-stimulation in three-dimensional porous scaffolds with different topological surfaces provides a design strategy for biphasic osteochondral engineeringChinmaya Mahapatra0Jung-Ju Kim1Jung-Hwan Lee2Guang-Zhen Jin3Jonathan C Knowles4Hae-Won Kim5Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of KoreaUCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of KoreaUCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of KoreaDivision of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London, UKUCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of KoreaBone/cartilage interfacial tissue engineering needs to satisfy the differential properties and architectures of the osteochondral region. Therefore, biphasic or multiphasic scaffolds that aim to mimic the gradient hierarchy are widely used. Here, we find that two differently structured (topographically) three-dimensional scaffolds, namely, “dense” and “nanofibrous” surfaces, show differential stimulation in osteo- and chondro-responses of cells. While the nanofibrous scaffolds accelerate the osteogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells, the dense scaffolds are better in preserving the phenotypes of chondrocytes. Two types of porous scaffolds, generated by a salt-leaching method combined with a phase-separation process using the poly(lactic acid) composition, had a similar level of porosity (~90%) and pore size (~150 μm). The major difference in the surface nanostructure led to substantial changes in the surface area and water hydrophilicity (nanofibrous ≫ dense); as a result, the nanofibrous scaffolds increased the cell-to-matrix adhesion of mesenchymal stem cells significantly while decreasing the cell-to-cell contracts. Importantly, the chondrocytes, when cultured on nanofibrous scaffolds, were prone to lose their phenotype, including reduced chondrogenic expressions (SOX-9, collagen type II, and Aggrecan) and glycosaminoglycan content, which was ascribed to the enhanced cell–matrix adhesion with reduced cell–cell contacts. On the contrary, the osteogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells was significantly accelerated by the improved cell-to-matrix adhesion, as evidenced in the enhanced osteogenic expressions (RUNX2, bone sialoprotein, and osteopontin) and cellular mineralization. Based on these findings, we consider that the dense scaffold is preferentially used for the chondral-part, whereas the nanofibrous structure is suitable for osteo-part, to provide an optimal biphasic matrix environment for osteochondral tissue engineering.https://doi.org/10.1177/2041731419826433 |
| spellingShingle | Chinmaya Mahapatra Jung-Ju Kim Jung-Hwan Lee Guang-Zhen Jin Jonathan C Knowles Hae-Won Kim Differential chondro- and osteo-stimulation in three-dimensional porous scaffolds with different topological surfaces provides a design strategy for biphasic osteochondral engineering Journal of Tissue Engineering |
| title | Differential chondro- and osteo-stimulation in three-dimensional porous scaffolds with different topological surfaces provides a design strategy for biphasic osteochondral engineering |
| title_full | Differential chondro- and osteo-stimulation in three-dimensional porous scaffolds with different topological surfaces provides a design strategy for biphasic osteochondral engineering |
| title_fullStr | Differential chondro- and osteo-stimulation in three-dimensional porous scaffolds with different topological surfaces provides a design strategy for biphasic osteochondral engineering |
| title_full_unstemmed | Differential chondro- and osteo-stimulation in three-dimensional porous scaffolds with different topological surfaces provides a design strategy for biphasic osteochondral engineering |
| title_short | Differential chondro- and osteo-stimulation in three-dimensional porous scaffolds with different topological surfaces provides a design strategy for biphasic osteochondral engineering |
| title_sort | differential chondro and osteo stimulation in three dimensional porous scaffolds with different topological surfaces provides a design strategy for biphasic osteochondral engineering |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1177/2041731419826433 |
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