Significant Production of Thermal Energy in Partially Ionized Hyperbolic Tangent Material Based on Ternary Hybrid Nanomaterials
Nanoparticles are frequently used to enhance the thermal performance of numerous materials. This study has many practical applications for activities that have to minimize losses of energy due to several impacts. This study investigates the inclusion of ternary hybrid nanoparticles in a partially io...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-10-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/21/6911 |
| _version_ | 1797512650905616384 |
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| author | Umar Nazir Muhammad Sohail Muhammad Bilal Hafeez Marek Krawczuk |
| author_facet | Umar Nazir Muhammad Sohail Muhammad Bilal Hafeez Marek Krawczuk |
| author_sort | Umar Nazir |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Nanoparticles are frequently used to enhance the thermal performance of numerous materials. This study has many practical applications for activities that have to minimize losses of energy due to several impacts. This study investigates the inclusion of ternary hybrid nanoparticles in a partially ionized hyperbolic tangent liquid passed over a stretched melting surface. The fluid motion equation is presented by considering the rotation effect. The thermal energy expression is derived by the contribution of Joule heat and viscous dissipation. Flow equations were modeled by using the concept of boundary layer theory, which occurs in the form of a coupled system of partial differential equations (PDEs). To reduce the complexity, the derived PDEs (partial differential equations) were transformed into a set of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) by engaging in similarity transformations. Afterwards, the converted ODEs were handled via a finite element procedure. The utilization and effectiveness of the methodology are demonstrated by listing the mesh-free survey and comparative analysis. Several important graphs were prepared to show the contribution of emerging parameters on fluid velocity and temperature profile. The findings show that the finite element method is a powerful tool for handling the complex coupled ordinary differential equation system, arising in fluid mechanics and other related dissipation applications in applied science. Furthermore, enhancements in the Forchheimer parameter and the Weissenberg number are necessary to control the fluid velocity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:03:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8f6c4e795cd7433e8e5c8b7e0f43e709 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:03:48Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-8f6c4e795cd7433e8e5c8b7e0f43e7092023-11-22T20:40:45ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732021-10-011421691110.3390/en14216911Significant Production of Thermal Energy in Partially Ionized Hyperbolic Tangent Material Based on Ternary Hybrid NanomaterialsUmar Nazir0Muhammad Sohail1Muhammad Bilal Hafeez2Marek Krawczuk3Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Institute of Space Technology, P.O. Box 2750, Islamabad 44000, PakistanDepartment of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Institute of Space Technology, P.O. Box 2750, Islamabad 44000, PakistanInstitute of Mechanics and Machine Design, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Ship Technology, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, PolandInstitute of Mechanics and Machine Design, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Ship Technology, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, PolandNanoparticles are frequently used to enhance the thermal performance of numerous materials. This study has many practical applications for activities that have to minimize losses of energy due to several impacts. This study investigates the inclusion of ternary hybrid nanoparticles in a partially ionized hyperbolic tangent liquid passed over a stretched melting surface. The fluid motion equation is presented by considering the rotation effect. The thermal energy expression is derived by the contribution of Joule heat and viscous dissipation. Flow equations were modeled by using the concept of boundary layer theory, which occurs in the form of a coupled system of partial differential equations (PDEs). To reduce the complexity, the derived PDEs (partial differential equations) were transformed into a set of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) by engaging in similarity transformations. Afterwards, the converted ODEs were handled via a finite element procedure. The utilization and effectiveness of the methodology are demonstrated by listing the mesh-free survey and comparative analysis. Several important graphs were prepared to show the contribution of emerging parameters on fluid velocity and temperature profile. The findings show that the finite element method is a powerful tool for handling the complex coupled ordinary differential equation system, arising in fluid mechanics and other related dissipation applications in applied science. Furthermore, enhancements in the Forchheimer parameter and the Weissenberg number are necessary to control the fluid velocity.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/21/6911ternary hybrid nanoparticleshyperbolic tangent modelboundary layer equationsion-slip and hall forcesthermal performancecomputational strategy |
| spellingShingle | Umar Nazir Muhammad Sohail Muhammad Bilal Hafeez Marek Krawczuk Significant Production of Thermal Energy in Partially Ionized Hyperbolic Tangent Material Based on Ternary Hybrid Nanomaterials Energies ternary hybrid nanoparticles hyperbolic tangent model boundary layer equations ion-slip and hall forces thermal performance computational strategy |
| title | Significant Production of Thermal Energy in Partially Ionized Hyperbolic Tangent Material Based on Ternary Hybrid Nanomaterials |
| title_full | Significant Production of Thermal Energy in Partially Ionized Hyperbolic Tangent Material Based on Ternary Hybrid Nanomaterials |
| title_fullStr | Significant Production of Thermal Energy in Partially Ionized Hyperbolic Tangent Material Based on Ternary Hybrid Nanomaterials |
| title_full_unstemmed | Significant Production of Thermal Energy in Partially Ionized Hyperbolic Tangent Material Based on Ternary Hybrid Nanomaterials |
| title_short | Significant Production of Thermal Energy in Partially Ionized Hyperbolic Tangent Material Based on Ternary Hybrid Nanomaterials |
| title_sort | significant production of thermal energy in partially ionized hyperbolic tangent material based on ternary hybrid nanomaterials |
| topic | ternary hybrid nanoparticles hyperbolic tangent model boundary layer equations ion-slip and hall forces thermal performance computational strategy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/21/6911 |
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