Multiple Candida strains causing oral infection in COVID-19 patients under corticosteroids and antibiotic therapy: An observational study
IntroductionThe occurrence of oral candidiasis (OC) is expected in patients with COVID-19, especially those with moderate to severe forms of infection who are hospitalized and may be on long-term use of broad-spectrum antibiotics or prolonged corticosteroid therapy. We aimed to characterize clinical...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2022.1103226/full |
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| author | Farhang Babamahmoodi Mohammad Sadegh Rezai Fatemeh Ahangarkani Ali Mohammadi Kali Reza Alizadeh-Navaei Abbas Alishahi Abbas Alishahi Abbas Alishahi Narges Najafi Azam Haddadi Alireza Davoudi Leila Azargon Zahra Daftarian Shirafkan Kordi Kiana Abbasi |
| author_facet | Farhang Babamahmoodi Mohammad Sadegh Rezai Fatemeh Ahangarkani Ali Mohammadi Kali Reza Alizadeh-Navaei Abbas Alishahi Abbas Alishahi Abbas Alishahi Narges Najafi Azam Haddadi Alireza Davoudi Leila Azargon Zahra Daftarian Shirafkan Kordi Kiana Abbasi |
| author_sort | Farhang Babamahmoodi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | IntroductionThe occurrence of oral candidiasis (OC) is expected in patients with COVID-19, especially those with moderate to severe forms of infection who are hospitalized and may be on long-term use of broad-spectrum antibiotics or prolonged corticosteroid therapy. We aimed to characterize clinical conditions, the prevalence profile of Candida species, and outcomes of COVID-19 patients with OC.MethodsIn this observational study, oral samples were obtained from COVID-19 patients suspected of OC admitted to Razi teaching hospital. Patients with OC were monitored daily until discharge from the hospital. Species identification was performed by a two-step multiplex assay named YEAST PLEX, which identifies 17 clinically important uncommon to common yeast strains.ResultsAmong the 4133 patients admitted with COVID-19, 120 (2.90%) suffered from OC. The onset of signs and symptoms of OC in patients was, on average (2.92 ± 3.596 days) with a range (of 1-29 days). The most common OC presentation was white or yellow macules on the buccal surface or the tongue. In (39.16%) of patients suffering from OC multiple Candida strains (with two or more Candida spp.) were identified. The most common Candida species were C. albicans (60.57%), followed by C. glabrata (17.14%), C. tropicalis (11.42%), C. kefyr (10.83%) and C. krusei (3.42%). Notably, OC caused by multiple Candida strains was more predominant in patients under corticosteroid therapy (P <0.0001), broad-spectrum antibiotics therapy (P = 0.028), and those who used nasal corticosteroid spray (P <0.0001). The majority of patients who recovered from OC at the time of discharge were patients with OC by single Candida species (P = 0.049).DiscussionUse of corticosteroids and antimicrobial therapy in COVID-19 patients increases risk of OC by multiple Candida strains. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T05:27:17Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8f846d6b59bc4130abaad6c81476c6a5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2235-2988 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T05:27:17Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-8f846d6b59bc4130abaad6c81476c6a52022-12-23T05:03:19ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology2235-29882022-12-011210.3389/fcimb.2022.11032261103226Multiple Candida strains causing oral infection in COVID-19 patients under corticosteroids and antibiotic therapy: An observational studyFarhang Babamahmoodi0Mohammad Sadegh Rezai1Fatemeh Ahangarkani2Ali Mohammadi Kali3Reza Alizadeh-Navaei4Abbas Alishahi5Abbas Alishahi6Abbas Alishahi7Narges Najafi8Azam Haddadi9Alireza Davoudi10Leila Azargon11Zahra Daftarian12Shirafkan Kordi13Kiana Abbasi14Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, IranPediatric Infectious Diseases Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, IranAntimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, IranAntimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, IranGastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Non-communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, IranAntimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, IranResearch Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, IranUniversal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, IranAntimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, IranDepartment of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Dental Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, IranAntimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, IranAntimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, IranNorthbay Medical Center, Vacaville Center for Primary Care, Vacaville, CA, United StatesAntimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, IranDepartment of Microbiology, Zanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, IranIntroductionThe occurrence of oral candidiasis (OC) is expected in patients with COVID-19, especially those with moderate to severe forms of infection who are hospitalized and may be on long-term use of broad-spectrum antibiotics or prolonged corticosteroid therapy. We aimed to characterize clinical conditions, the prevalence profile of Candida species, and outcomes of COVID-19 patients with OC.MethodsIn this observational study, oral samples were obtained from COVID-19 patients suspected of OC admitted to Razi teaching hospital. Patients with OC were monitored daily until discharge from the hospital. Species identification was performed by a two-step multiplex assay named YEAST PLEX, which identifies 17 clinically important uncommon to common yeast strains.ResultsAmong the 4133 patients admitted with COVID-19, 120 (2.90%) suffered from OC. The onset of signs and symptoms of OC in patients was, on average (2.92 ± 3.596 days) with a range (of 1-29 days). The most common OC presentation was white or yellow macules on the buccal surface or the tongue. In (39.16%) of patients suffering from OC multiple Candida strains (with two or more Candida spp.) were identified. The most common Candida species were C. albicans (60.57%), followed by C. glabrata (17.14%), C. tropicalis (11.42%), C. kefyr (10.83%) and C. krusei (3.42%). Notably, OC caused by multiple Candida strains was more predominant in patients under corticosteroid therapy (P <0.0001), broad-spectrum antibiotics therapy (P = 0.028), and those who used nasal corticosteroid spray (P <0.0001). The majority of patients who recovered from OC at the time of discharge were patients with OC by single Candida species (P = 0.049).DiscussionUse of corticosteroids and antimicrobial therapy in COVID-19 patients increases risk of OC by multiple Candida strains.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2022.1103226/fullOral candidiasisCOVID-19Candida speciesCorticosteroidAntibiotic |
| spellingShingle | Farhang Babamahmoodi Mohammad Sadegh Rezai Fatemeh Ahangarkani Ali Mohammadi Kali Reza Alizadeh-Navaei Abbas Alishahi Abbas Alishahi Abbas Alishahi Narges Najafi Azam Haddadi Alireza Davoudi Leila Azargon Zahra Daftarian Shirafkan Kordi Kiana Abbasi Multiple Candida strains causing oral infection in COVID-19 patients under corticosteroids and antibiotic therapy: An observational study Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology Oral candidiasis COVID-19 Candida species Corticosteroid Antibiotic |
| title | Multiple Candida strains causing oral infection in COVID-19 patients under corticosteroids and antibiotic therapy: An observational study |
| title_full | Multiple Candida strains causing oral infection in COVID-19 patients under corticosteroids and antibiotic therapy: An observational study |
| title_fullStr | Multiple Candida strains causing oral infection in COVID-19 patients under corticosteroids and antibiotic therapy: An observational study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Multiple Candida strains causing oral infection in COVID-19 patients under corticosteroids and antibiotic therapy: An observational study |
| title_short | Multiple Candida strains causing oral infection in COVID-19 patients under corticosteroids and antibiotic therapy: An observational study |
| title_sort | multiple candida strains causing oral infection in covid 19 patients under corticosteroids and antibiotic therapy an observational study |
| topic | Oral candidiasis COVID-19 Candida species Corticosteroid Antibiotic |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2022.1103226/full |
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