Coastal upwelling generates cryptic temperature refugia
Abstract Understanding the effects of climate-mediated environmental variation on the distribution of organisms is critically important in an era of global change. We used wavelet analysis to quantify the spatiotemporal (co)variation in daily water temperature for predicting the distribution of cryp...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-23717-5 |
| _version_ | 1797988501016281088 |
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| author | Sarah L. Salois Tarik C. Gouhier Brian Helmuth Francis Choi Rui Seabra Fernando P. Lima |
| author_facet | Sarah L. Salois Tarik C. Gouhier Brian Helmuth Francis Choi Rui Seabra Fernando P. Lima |
| author_sort | Sarah L. Salois |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Understanding the effects of climate-mediated environmental variation on the distribution of organisms is critically important in an era of global change. We used wavelet analysis to quantify the spatiotemporal (co)variation in daily water temperature for predicting the distribution of cryptic refugia across 16 intertidal sites that were characterized as ‘no’, ‘weak’ or ‘strong’ upwelling and spanned 2000 km of the European Atlantic Coast. Sites experiencing weak upwelling exhibited high synchrony in temperature but low levels of co-variability at monthly to weekly timescales, whereas the opposite was true for sites experiencing strong upwelling. This suggests upwelling generates temporal thermal refugia that can promote organismal performance by both supplying colder water that mitigates thermal stress during hot Summer months and ensuring high levels of fine-scale variation in temperature that reduce the duration of thermal extremes. Additionally, pairwise correlograms based on the Pearson-product moment correlation coefficient and wavelet coherence revealed scale dependent trends in temperature fluctuations across space, with a rapid decay in strong upwelling sites at monthly and weekly timescales. This suggests upwelling also generates spatial thermal refugia that can ‘rescue’ populations from unfavorable conditions at local and regional scales. Overall, this study highlights the importance of identifying cryptic spatiotemporal refugia that emerge from fine-scale environmental variation to map potential patterns of organismal performance in a rapidly changing world. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T08:03:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8f9028584f104c2591eca2daa5c999f0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T08:03:48Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-8f9028584f104c2591eca2daa5c999f02022-12-22T04:35:37ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222022-11-0112111510.1038/s41598-022-23717-5Coastal upwelling generates cryptic temperature refugiaSarah L. Salois0Tarik C. Gouhier1Brian Helmuth2Francis Choi3Rui Seabra4Fernando P. Lima5Marine Science Center, Northeastern UniversityMarine Science Center, Northeastern UniversityMarine Science Center, Northeastern UniversityMarine Science Center, Northeastern UniversityCIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Universidade do PortoCIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Universidade do PortoAbstract Understanding the effects of climate-mediated environmental variation on the distribution of organisms is critically important in an era of global change. We used wavelet analysis to quantify the spatiotemporal (co)variation in daily water temperature for predicting the distribution of cryptic refugia across 16 intertidal sites that were characterized as ‘no’, ‘weak’ or ‘strong’ upwelling and spanned 2000 km of the European Atlantic Coast. Sites experiencing weak upwelling exhibited high synchrony in temperature but low levels of co-variability at monthly to weekly timescales, whereas the opposite was true for sites experiencing strong upwelling. This suggests upwelling generates temporal thermal refugia that can promote organismal performance by both supplying colder water that mitigates thermal stress during hot Summer months and ensuring high levels of fine-scale variation in temperature that reduce the duration of thermal extremes. Additionally, pairwise correlograms based on the Pearson-product moment correlation coefficient and wavelet coherence revealed scale dependent trends in temperature fluctuations across space, with a rapid decay in strong upwelling sites at monthly and weekly timescales. This suggests upwelling also generates spatial thermal refugia that can ‘rescue’ populations from unfavorable conditions at local and regional scales. Overall, this study highlights the importance of identifying cryptic spatiotemporal refugia that emerge from fine-scale environmental variation to map potential patterns of organismal performance in a rapidly changing world.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-23717-5 |
| spellingShingle | Sarah L. Salois Tarik C. Gouhier Brian Helmuth Francis Choi Rui Seabra Fernando P. Lima Coastal upwelling generates cryptic temperature refugia Scientific Reports |
| title | Coastal upwelling generates cryptic temperature refugia |
| title_full | Coastal upwelling generates cryptic temperature refugia |
| title_fullStr | Coastal upwelling generates cryptic temperature refugia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Coastal upwelling generates cryptic temperature refugia |
| title_short | Coastal upwelling generates cryptic temperature refugia |
| title_sort | coastal upwelling generates cryptic temperature refugia |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-23717-5 |
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