Chemical Composition, Antioxidant Potential, and Blood Glucose Lowering Effect of Aqueous Extract and Essential Oil of Thymus Serrulatus Hochst. Ex Benth
Thymus serrulatus, an endemic plant of Ethiopia, is traditionally used to cure various diseases and as a food ingredient. In the Ethiopian folk medicine, the decoction is orally taken as a remedy to treat diabetes and high blood pressure. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the antioxid...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-04-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Pharmacology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2021.621536/full |
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| author | Tesfay Haile Susana M. Cardoso Chirle de Oliveira Raphaelli Olívia R. Pereira Elisa dos Santos Pereira Márcia Vizzotto Leonardo Nora Adissu Alemayehu Asfaw Gomathi Periasamy Aman Karim Aman Karim |
| author_facet | Tesfay Haile Susana M. Cardoso Chirle de Oliveira Raphaelli Olívia R. Pereira Elisa dos Santos Pereira Márcia Vizzotto Leonardo Nora Adissu Alemayehu Asfaw Gomathi Periasamy Aman Karim Aman Karim |
| author_sort | Tesfay Haile |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Thymus serrulatus, an endemic plant of Ethiopia, is traditionally used to cure various diseases and as a food ingredient. In the Ethiopian folk medicine, the decoction is orally taken as a remedy to treat diabetes and high blood pressure. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the antioxidant and antihyperglycemic effects of the aqueous extract and of the essential oil of Thymus serrulatus. The chemical composition of the aqueous extract was determined by LC-MS and the essential oil was characterized by GC-MS analysis. Radical scavenging assays, namely scavenging of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•), hydroxyl (•OH), and nitric oxide (•NO), were used as a first approach to screen the potential antioxidant abilities of the samples. Alpha-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory studies were also employed to evaluate the in vitro antihyperglycemic potential of the plant. The in vivo blood glucose lowering effect of the extracts was assessed using hypoglycemic activity and the oral glucose tolerance test in normal and in streptozotocin induced diabetic mice. When compared to the aqueous extract, the essential oil showed superior radical scavenging activity, particularly for •NO, as well as greater inhibitory potency against α-amylase and α-glucosidase (IC50 = 0.01 mg/ml and 0.11 mg/ml, respectively). Both tested samples showed a statistically significant antihyperglycemic effect. The aqueous extract at 600 mg/kg exerted maximum antihyperglycemic activity (44.14%), followed by the essential oil (30.82%). Body weight and glucose tolerance parameters were also improved by the samples both in normal and diabetic mice. The findings of this study support the hypothesis that aqueous extract and essential oil of T. serrulatus are promising therapeutic agents. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-17T01:11:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8f9321edd3f84b17be59913005046f51 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1663-9812 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-17T01:11:03Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Pharmacology |
| spelling | doaj.art-8f9321edd3f84b17be59913005046f512022-12-21T22:09:08ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Pharmacology1663-98122021-04-011210.3389/fphar.2021.621536621536Chemical Composition, Antioxidant Potential, and Blood Glucose Lowering Effect of Aqueous Extract and Essential Oil of Thymus Serrulatus Hochst. Ex BenthTesfay Haile0Susana M. Cardoso1Chirle de Oliveira Raphaelli2Olívia R. Pereira3Elisa dos Santos Pereira4Márcia Vizzotto5Leonardo Nora6Adissu Alemayehu Asfaw7Gomathi Periasamy8Aman Karim9Aman Karim10Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, EthiopiaLAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, PortugalDepartamento de Ciência e Tecnologia Agroindustrial, Faculdade de Agronomia Eliseu Maciel, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, BrazilCentro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, Bragança, PortugalDepartamento de Ciência e Tecnologia Agroindustrial, Faculdade de Agronomia Eliseu Maciel, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, BrazilEmbrapa Clima Temperado, Pelotas, BrazilDepartamento de Ciência e Tecnologia Agroindustrial, Faculdade de Agronomia Eliseu Maciel, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, BrazilDepartment of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Quality Control, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, EthiopiaDepartment of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, EthiopiaDepartment of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, EthiopiaDepartment of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, PakistanThymus serrulatus, an endemic plant of Ethiopia, is traditionally used to cure various diseases and as a food ingredient. In the Ethiopian folk medicine, the decoction is orally taken as a remedy to treat diabetes and high blood pressure. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the antioxidant and antihyperglycemic effects of the aqueous extract and of the essential oil of Thymus serrulatus. The chemical composition of the aqueous extract was determined by LC-MS and the essential oil was characterized by GC-MS analysis. Radical scavenging assays, namely scavenging of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•), hydroxyl (•OH), and nitric oxide (•NO), were used as a first approach to screen the potential antioxidant abilities of the samples. Alpha-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory studies were also employed to evaluate the in vitro antihyperglycemic potential of the plant. The in vivo blood glucose lowering effect of the extracts was assessed using hypoglycemic activity and the oral glucose tolerance test in normal and in streptozotocin induced diabetic mice. When compared to the aqueous extract, the essential oil showed superior radical scavenging activity, particularly for •NO, as well as greater inhibitory potency against α-amylase and α-glucosidase (IC50 = 0.01 mg/ml and 0.11 mg/ml, respectively). Both tested samples showed a statistically significant antihyperglycemic effect. The aqueous extract at 600 mg/kg exerted maximum antihyperglycemic activity (44.14%), followed by the essential oil (30.82%). Body weight and glucose tolerance parameters were also improved by the samples both in normal and diabetic mice. The findings of this study support the hypothesis that aqueous extract and essential oil of T. serrulatus are promising therapeutic agents.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2021.621536/fullantioxidant activityessential oilthyme-decoctionalpha-amylasethymus serrulatusalpha-glucosidase |
| spellingShingle | Tesfay Haile Susana M. Cardoso Chirle de Oliveira Raphaelli Olívia R. Pereira Elisa dos Santos Pereira Márcia Vizzotto Leonardo Nora Adissu Alemayehu Asfaw Gomathi Periasamy Aman Karim Aman Karim Chemical Composition, Antioxidant Potential, and Blood Glucose Lowering Effect of Aqueous Extract and Essential Oil of Thymus Serrulatus Hochst. Ex Benth Frontiers in Pharmacology antioxidant activity essential oil thyme-decoction alpha-amylase thymus serrulatus alpha-glucosidase |
| title | Chemical Composition, Antioxidant Potential, and Blood Glucose Lowering Effect of Aqueous Extract and Essential Oil of Thymus Serrulatus Hochst. Ex Benth |
| title_full | Chemical Composition, Antioxidant Potential, and Blood Glucose Lowering Effect of Aqueous Extract and Essential Oil of Thymus Serrulatus Hochst. Ex Benth |
| title_fullStr | Chemical Composition, Antioxidant Potential, and Blood Glucose Lowering Effect of Aqueous Extract and Essential Oil of Thymus Serrulatus Hochst. Ex Benth |
| title_full_unstemmed | Chemical Composition, Antioxidant Potential, and Blood Glucose Lowering Effect of Aqueous Extract and Essential Oil of Thymus Serrulatus Hochst. Ex Benth |
| title_short | Chemical Composition, Antioxidant Potential, and Blood Glucose Lowering Effect of Aqueous Extract and Essential Oil of Thymus Serrulatus Hochst. Ex Benth |
| title_sort | chemical composition antioxidant potential and blood glucose lowering effect of aqueous extract and essential oil of thymus serrulatus hochst ex benth |
| topic | antioxidant activity essential oil thyme-decoction alpha-amylase thymus serrulatus alpha-glucosidase |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2021.621536/full |
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