Coffee Leaf Rust (<i>Hemileia vastatrix</i>) from the Recent Invasion into Hawaii Shares a Genotypic Relationship with Latin American Populations
Hawaii has long been one of the last coffee-producing regions of the world free of coffee leaf rust (CLR) disease, which is caused by the biotrophic fungus <i>Hemileia vastatrix</i>. However, CLR was detected in coffee farms and feral coffee on the island of Maui in February 2020 and sub...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-02-01
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| Series: | Journal of Fungi |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/8/2/189 |
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| author | Luis A. Ramírez-Camejo Lisa M. Keith Tracie Matsumoto Lionel Sugiyama Mach Fukada Mia Brann Ariana Moffitt Jingyu Liu M. Catherine Aime |
| author_facet | Luis A. Ramírez-Camejo Lisa M. Keith Tracie Matsumoto Lionel Sugiyama Mach Fukada Mia Brann Ariana Moffitt Jingyu Liu M. Catherine Aime |
| author_sort | Luis A. Ramírez-Camejo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Hawaii has long been one of the last coffee-producing regions of the world free of coffee leaf rust (CLR) disease, which is caused by the biotrophic fungus <i>Hemileia vastatrix</i>. However, CLR was detected in coffee farms and feral coffee on the island of Maui in February 2020 and subsequently on other islands of the Hawaiian archipelago. The source of the outbreak in Hawaii is not known, and CLR could have entered Hawaii from more than 50 coffee-producing nations that harbor the pathogen. To determine the source(s) of the Hawaii inoculum, we analyzed a set of eleven simple sequence repeat markers (SSRs) generated from Hawaii isolates within a dataset of 434 CLR isolates collected from 17 countries spanning both old and new world populations, and then conducted a minimum spanning network (MSN) analysis to trace the most likely pathway that <i>H. vastatrix</i> could have taken to Hawaii. Forty-two multilocus genotypes (MLGs) of <i>H. vastatrix</i> were found in the global dataset, with all isolates from Hawaii assignable to MLG 10 or derived from it. MLG 10 is widespread in Central America and Jamaica, making this region the most probable source of inoculum for the outbreak in Hawaii. An examination of global weather patterns during the months preceding the introduction of CLR makes it unlikely that the pathogen was windborne to the islands. Likely scenarios for the introduction of CLR to Hawaii are the accidental introduction of spores or infected plant material by travelers or seasonal workers, or improperly fumigated coffee shipments originating from Central America or the Caribbean islands. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:38:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8f973ca0897e42f59a6bdd287f1a1299 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2309-608X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:38:21Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
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| series | Journal of Fungi |
| spelling | doaj.art-8f973ca0897e42f59a6bdd287f1a12992023-11-23T20:38:14ZengMDPI AGJournal of Fungi2309-608X2022-02-018218910.3390/jof8020189Coffee Leaf Rust (<i>Hemileia vastatrix</i>) from the Recent Invasion into Hawaii Shares a Genotypic Relationship with Latin American PopulationsLuis A. Ramírez-Camejo0Lisa M. Keith1Tracie Matsumoto2Lionel Sugiyama3Mach Fukada4Mia Brann5Ariana Moffitt6Jingyu Liu7M. Catherine Aime8Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USADaniel K. Inouye U.S. Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Hilo, HI 96720, USADaniel K. Inouye U.S. Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Hilo, HI 96720, USADaniel K. Inouye U.S. Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Hilo, HI 96720, USAHawaii Department of Agriculture, Plant Pest Control Branch, Kahului, HI 96732, USADepartment of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USADepartment of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USADepartment of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USADepartment of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USAHawaii has long been one of the last coffee-producing regions of the world free of coffee leaf rust (CLR) disease, which is caused by the biotrophic fungus <i>Hemileia vastatrix</i>. However, CLR was detected in coffee farms and feral coffee on the island of Maui in February 2020 and subsequently on other islands of the Hawaiian archipelago. The source of the outbreak in Hawaii is not known, and CLR could have entered Hawaii from more than 50 coffee-producing nations that harbor the pathogen. To determine the source(s) of the Hawaii inoculum, we analyzed a set of eleven simple sequence repeat markers (SSRs) generated from Hawaii isolates within a dataset of 434 CLR isolates collected from 17 countries spanning both old and new world populations, and then conducted a minimum spanning network (MSN) analysis to trace the most likely pathway that <i>H. vastatrix</i> could have taken to Hawaii. Forty-two multilocus genotypes (MLGs) of <i>H. vastatrix</i> were found in the global dataset, with all isolates from Hawaii assignable to MLG 10 or derived from it. MLG 10 is widespread in Central America and Jamaica, making this region the most probable source of inoculum for the outbreak in Hawaii. An examination of global weather patterns during the months preceding the introduction of CLR makes it unlikely that the pathogen was windborne to the islands. Likely scenarios for the introduction of CLR to Hawaii are the accidental introduction of spores or infected plant material by travelers or seasonal workers, or improperly fumigated coffee shipments originating from Central America or the Caribbean islands.https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/8/2/189invasive diseasesplant pathogensPuccinialesrust fungitropical fungi |
| spellingShingle | Luis A. Ramírez-Camejo Lisa M. Keith Tracie Matsumoto Lionel Sugiyama Mach Fukada Mia Brann Ariana Moffitt Jingyu Liu M. Catherine Aime Coffee Leaf Rust (<i>Hemileia vastatrix</i>) from the Recent Invasion into Hawaii Shares a Genotypic Relationship with Latin American Populations Journal of Fungi invasive diseases plant pathogens Pucciniales rust fungi tropical fungi |
| title | Coffee Leaf Rust (<i>Hemileia vastatrix</i>) from the Recent Invasion into Hawaii Shares a Genotypic Relationship with Latin American Populations |
| title_full | Coffee Leaf Rust (<i>Hemileia vastatrix</i>) from the Recent Invasion into Hawaii Shares a Genotypic Relationship with Latin American Populations |
| title_fullStr | Coffee Leaf Rust (<i>Hemileia vastatrix</i>) from the Recent Invasion into Hawaii Shares a Genotypic Relationship with Latin American Populations |
| title_full_unstemmed | Coffee Leaf Rust (<i>Hemileia vastatrix</i>) from the Recent Invasion into Hawaii Shares a Genotypic Relationship with Latin American Populations |
| title_short | Coffee Leaf Rust (<i>Hemileia vastatrix</i>) from the Recent Invasion into Hawaii Shares a Genotypic Relationship with Latin American Populations |
| title_sort | coffee leaf rust i hemileia vastatrix i from the recent invasion into hawaii shares a genotypic relationship with latin american populations |
| topic | invasive diseases plant pathogens Pucciniales rust fungi tropical fungi |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/8/2/189 |
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