Absorption and Effect of Azaspiracid-1 Over the Human Intestinal Barrier
Background: Azaspiracids (AZAs) are marine biotoxins produced by the dinoflagellates genera Azadinium and Amphidoma. These toxins cause azaspiracid poisoning (AZP), characterized by severe gastrointestinal illness in humans after the consumption of bivalve molluscs contaminated with AZAs. The main a...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Cell Physiol Biochem Press GmbH & Co KG
2017-08-01
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| Series: | Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.karger.com/Article/FullText/480331 |
| _version_ | 1818997240543313920 |
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| author | Paula Abal M. Carmen Louzao María Fraga Natalia Vilariño Sara Ferreiro Mercedes R. Vieytes Luis M. Botana |
| author_facet | Paula Abal M. Carmen Louzao María Fraga Natalia Vilariño Sara Ferreiro Mercedes R. Vieytes Luis M. Botana |
| author_sort | Paula Abal |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Azaspiracids (AZAs) are marine biotoxins produced by the dinoflagellates genera Azadinium and Amphidoma. These toxins cause azaspiracid poisoning (AZP), characterized by severe gastrointestinal illness in humans after the consumption of bivalve molluscs contaminated with AZAs. The main aim of the present study was to examine the consequences of human exposure to AZA1 by the study of absorption and effects of the toxin on Caco-2 cells, a reliable model of the human intestine. Methods: The ability of AZA1 to cross the human intestinal epithelium has been evaluated by the Caco-2 transepithelial permeability assay. The toxin has been detected and quantified using a microsphere-based immunoassay. Cell alterations and ultrastructural effects has been observed with confocal and transmission electron microscopy Results: AZA1 was absorbed by Caco-2 cells in a dose-dependent way without affecting cell viability. However, modifications on occludin distribution detected by confocal microscopy imaging indicated a possible monolayer integrity disruption. Nevertheless, transmission electron microscopy imaging revealed ultrastructural damages at the nucleus and mitochondria with autophagosomes in the cytoplasm, however, tight junctions and microvilli remained unaffected. Conclusion: After the ingestion of molluscs with the AZA1, the toxin will be transported through the human intestinal barrier to blood causing damage on epithelial cells. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T21:42:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8fb0da184b494dd29a60f73a80802821 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1015-8987 1421-9778 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T21:42:29Z |
| publishDate | 2017-08-01 |
| publisher | Cell Physiol Biochem Press GmbH & Co KG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry |
| spelling | doaj.art-8fb0da184b494dd29a60f73a808028212022-12-21T19:25:45ZengCell Physiol Biochem Press GmbH & Co KGCellular Physiology and Biochemistry1015-89871421-97782017-08-0143113614610.1159/000480331480331Absorption and Effect of Azaspiracid-1 Over the Human Intestinal BarrierPaula AbalM. Carmen LouzaoMaría FragaNatalia VilariñoSara FerreiroMercedes R. VieytesLuis M. BotanaBackground: Azaspiracids (AZAs) are marine biotoxins produced by the dinoflagellates genera Azadinium and Amphidoma. These toxins cause azaspiracid poisoning (AZP), characterized by severe gastrointestinal illness in humans after the consumption of bivalve molluscs contaminated with AZAs. The main aim of the present study was to examine the consequences of human exposure to AZA1 by the study of absorption and effects of the toxin on Caco-2 cells, a reliable model of the human intestine. Methods: The ability of AZA1 to cross the human intestinal epithelium has been evaluated by the Caco-2 transepithelial permeability assay. The toxin has been detected and quantified using a microsphere-based immunoassay. Cell alterations and ultrastructural effects has been observed with confocal and transmission electron microscopy Results: AZA1 was absorbed by Caco-2 cells in a dose-dependent way without affecting cell viability. However, modifications on occludin distribution detected by confocal microscopy imaging indicated a possible monolayer integrity disruption. Nevertheless, transmission electron microscopy imaging revealed ultrastructural damages at the nucleus and mitochondria with autophagosomes in the cytoplasm, however, tight junctions and microvilli remained unaffected. Conclusion: After the ingestion of molluscs with the AZA1, the toxin will be transported through the human intestinal barrier to blood causing damage on epithelial cells.http://www.karger.com/Article/FullText/480331AzaspiracidCaco-2 cellsIntestinal permeabilityTrans-epithelial electric resistanceToxin absorption |
| spellingShingle | Paula Abal M. Carmen Louzao María Fraga Natalia Vilariño Sara Ferreiro Mercedes R. Vieytes Luis M. Botana Absorption and Effect of Azaspiracid-1 Over the Human Intestinal Barrier Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry Azaspiracid Caco-2 cells Intestinal permeability Trans-epithelial electric resistance Toxin absorption |
| title | Absorption and Effect of Azaspiracid-1 Over the Human Intestinal Barrier |
| title_full | Absorption and Effect of Azaspiracid-1 Over the Human Intestinal Barrier |
| title_fullStr | Absorption and Effect of Azaspiracid-1 Over the Human Intestinal Barrier |
| title_full_unstemmed | Absorption and Effect of Azaspiracid-1 Over the Human Intestinal Barrier |
| title_short | Absorption and Effect of Azaspiracid-1 Over the Human Intestinal Barrier |
| title_sort | absorption and effect of azaspiracid 1 over the human intestinal barrier |
| topic | Azaspiracid Caco-2 cells Intestinal permeability Trans-epithelial electric resistance Toxin absorption |
| url | http://www.karger.com/Article/FullText/480331 |
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