Posterior Segment Ophthalmic Drug Delivery: Role of Muco-Adhesion with a Special Focus on Chitosan
Posterior segment eye diseases (PSEDs) including age macular degeneration (AMD) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) are amongst the major causes of irreversible blindness worldwide. Due to the numerous barriers encountered, highly invasive intravitreal (IVT) injections represent the primary route to deliv...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-10-01
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| Series: | Pharmaceutics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/13/10/1685 |
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| author | Ayah Mohammad Burhan Butsabarat Klahan Wayne Cummins Vanessa Andrés-Guerrero Mark E. Byrne Niall J. O’Reilly Anuj Chauhan Laurence Fitzhenry Helen Hughes |
| author_facet | Ayah Mohammad Burhan Butsabarat Klahan Wayne Cummins Vanessa Andrés-Guerrero Mark E. Byrne Niall J. O’Reilly Anuj Chauhan Laurence Fitzhenry Helen Hughes |
| author_sort | Ayah Mohammad Burhan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Posterior segment eye diseases (PSEDs) including age macular degeneration (AMD) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) are amongst the major causes of irreversible blindness worldwide. Due to the numerous barriers encountered, highly invasive intravitreal (IVT) injections represent the primary route to deliver drugs to the posterior eye tissues. Thus, the potential of a more patient friendly topical route has been widely investigated. Mucoadhesive formulations can decrease precorneal clearance while prolonging precorneal residence. Thus, they are expected to enhance the chances of adherence to corneal and conjunctival surfaces and as such, enable increased delivery to the posterior eye segment. Among the mucoadhesive polymers available, chitosan is the most widely explored due to its outstanding mucoadhesive characteristics. In this review, the major PSEDs, their treatments, barriers to topical delivery, and routes of topical drug absorption to the posterior eye are presented. To enable the successful design of mucoadhesive ophthalmic drug delivery systems (DDSs), an overview of mucoadhesion, its theory, characterization, and considerations for ocular mucoadhesion is given. Furthermore, chitosan-based DDs that have been explored to promote topical drug delivery to the posterior eye segment are reviewed. Finally, challenges of successful preclinical to clinical translation of these DDSs for posterior eye drug delivery are discussed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:16:23Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8fb2e0619c584bb4b08641a428b1c78e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4923 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:16:23Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pharmaceutics |
| spelling | doaj.art-8fb2e0619c584bb4b08641a428b1c78e2023-11-22T19:39:45ZengMDPI AGPharmaceutics1999-49232021-10-011310168510.3390/pharmaceutics13101685Posterior Segment Ophthalmic Drug Delivery: Role of Muco-Adhesion with a Special Focus on ChitosanAyah Mohammad Burhan0Butsabarat Klahan1Wayne Cummins2Vanessa Andrés-Guerrero3Mark E. Byrne4Niall J. O’Reilly5Anuj Chauhan6Laurence Fitzhenry7Helen Hughes8Ocular Therapeutics Research Group, Pharmaceutical and Molecular Biotechnology Research Centre, Waterford Institute of Technology, X91 K0EK Waterford, IrelandOcular Therapeutics Research Group, Pharmaceutical and Molecular Biotechnology Research Centre, Waterford Institute of Technology, X91 K0EK Waterford, IrelandOcular Therapeutics Research Group, Pharmaceutical and Molecular Biotechnology Research Centre, Waterford Institute of Technology, X91 K0EK Waterford, IrelandInnovation, Therapy and Pharmaceutical Development in Ophthalmology (InnOftal) Research Group, Department of Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sanitary Research Institute of the San Carlos Clinical Hospital (IdISSC), Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, SpainBiomimetic & Biohybrid Materials, Biomedical Devices & Drug Delivery Laboratories, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USAOcular Therapeutics Research Group, Pharmaceutical and Molecular Biotechnology Research Centre, Waterford Institute of Technology, X91 K0EK Waterford, IrelandChemical and Biological Engineering Department, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401, USAOcular Therapeutics Research Group, Pharmaceutical and Molecular Biotechnology Research Centre, Waterford Institute of Technology, X91 K0EK Waterford, IrelandOcular Therapeutics Research Group, Pharmaceutical and Molecular Biotechnology Research Centre, Waterford Institute of Technology, X91 K0EK Waterford, IrelandPosterior segment eye diseases (PSEDs) including age macular degeneration (AMD) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) are amongst the major causes of irreversible blindness worldwide. Due to the numerous barriers encountered, highly invasive intravitreal (IVT) injections represent the primary route to deliver drugs to the posterior eye tissues. Thus, the potential of a more patient friendly topical route has been widely investigated. Mucoadhesive formulations can decrease precorneal clearance while prolonging precorneal residence. Thus, they are expected to enhance the chances of adherence to corneal and conjunctival surfaces and as such, enable increased delivery to the posterior eye segment. Among the mucoadhesive polymers available, chitosan is the most widely explored due to its outstanding mucoadhesive characteristics. In this review, the major PSEDs, their treatments, barriers to topical delivery, and routes of topical drug absorption to the posterior eye are presented. To enable the successful design of mucoadhesive ophthalmic drug delivery systems (DDSs), an overview of mucoadhesion, its theory, characterization, and considerations for ocular mucoadhesion is given. Furthermore, chitosan-based DDs that have been explored to promote topical drug delivery to the posterior eye segment are reviewed. Finally, challenges of successful preclinical to clinical translation of these DDSs for posterior eye drug delivery are discussed.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/13/10/1685mucoadhesionchitosanchitosan coating for posterior eye segment drug deliveryposterior eye segment drug deliveryage macular degenerationdiabetic retinopathy |
| spellingShingle | Ayah Mohammad Burhan Butsabarat Klahan Wayne Cummins Vanessa Andrés-Guerrero Mark E. Byrne Niall J. O’Reilly Anuj Chauhan Laurence Fitzhenry Helen Hughes Posterior Segment Ophthalmic Drug Delivery: Role of Muco-Adhesion with a Special Focus on Chitosan Pharmaceutics mucoadhesion chitosan chitosan coating for posterior eye segment drug delivery posterior eye segment drug delivery age macular degeneration diabetic retinopathy |
| title | Posterior Segment Ophthalmic Drug Delivery: Role of Muco-Adhesion with a Special Focus on Chitosan |
| title_full | Posterior Segment Ophthalmic Drug Delivery: Role of Muco-Adhesion with a Special Focus on Chitosan |
| title_fullStr | Posterior Segment Ophthalmic Drug Delivery: Role of Muco-Adhesion with a Special Focus on Chitosan |
| title_full_unstemmed | Posterior Segment Ophthalmic Drug Delivery: Role of Muco-Adhesion with a Special Focus on Chitosan |
| title_short | Posterior Segment Ophthalmic Drug Delivery: Role of Muco-Adhesion with a Special Focus on Chitosan |
| title_sort | posterior segment ophthalmic drug delivery role of muco adhesion with a special focus on chitosan |
| topic | mucoadhesion chitosan chitosan coating for posterior eye segment drug delivery posterior eye segment drug delivery age macular degeneration diabetic retinopathy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/13/10/1685 |
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