A New Essential Oil from the Native Andean Species <i>Nectandra laurel</i> Klotzsch ex Nees of Southern Ecuador: Chemical and Enantioselective Analyses
The leaves of <i>Nectandra laurel</i> Klotzsch ex Nees, belonging to the family, Lauraceae, were collected in the province of Loja (Ecuador), dried, and analytically steam-distilled. An unprecedented essential oil was obtained, with a 0.03% yield by weight of dry plant material. The vola...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-09-01
|
| Series: | Plants |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/18/3331 |
| _version_ | 1827724211286704128 |
|---|---|
| author | Gianluca Gilardoni Aníbal A. Enríquez Yessenia E. Maldonado Nixon Cumbicus Omar Malagón |
| author_facet | Gianluca Gilardoni Aníbal A. Enríquez Yessenia E. Maldonado Nixon Cumbicus Omar Malagón |
| author_sort | Gianluca Gilardoni |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The leaves of <i>Nectandra laurel</i> Klotzsch ex Nees, belonging to the family, Lauraceae, were collected in the province of Loja (Ecuador), dried, and analytically steam-distilled. An unprecedented essential oil was obtained, with a 0.03% yield by weight of dry plant material. The volatile fraction was submitted to qualitative (GC-MS) and quantitative (GC-FID) chemical analysis, on two orthogonal stationary phases. Seventy-eight compounds were detected and quantified on at least one column. The essential oil was dominated by sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (53.0–53.8% on the non-polar and polar stationary phase, respectively), followed by oxygenated sesquiterpenoids (18.9–19.0%). A third group was constituted by metabolites of other origins, mainly aliphatic compounds, apparently derived from the acetate pathway (11.7–8.5%). The major components of the EO (≥3.0% with at least one column) were δ-selinene (30.5–28.8%), δ-cadinene (5.4–6.4%), <i>epi</i>-α-cadinol (4.9–5.2%), an undetermined compound with a molecular weight of 204 (3.4–4.2%), α-pinene (3.3–2.9%), and α-cadinol (2.9–3.0%). Finally, the essential oil was submitted to enantioselective analysis, on two β-cyclodextrin-based chiral selectors, determining the enantiomeric distribution of seven chiral terpenes. Among them, (1<i>R</i>,5<i>R</i>)-(+)-α-pinene, (1<i>R</i>,5<i>R</i>)-(+)-β-pinene, and (<i>R</i>)-(−)-α-phellandrene were enantiomerically pure, whereas camphene, borneol, α-copaene, and α-terpineol were present as scalemic mixtures. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:12:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8fb820254cad4a8885b62f64ad0557f2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:12:31Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-8fb820254cad4a8885b62f64ad0557f22023-11-19T12:33:24ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472023-09-011218333110.3390/plants12183331A New Essential Oil from the Native Andean Species <i>Nectandra laurel</i> Klotzsch ex Nees of Southern Ecuador: Chemical and Enantioselective AnalysesGianluca Gilardoni0Aníbal A. Enríquez1Yessenia E. Maldonado2Nixon Cumbicus3Omar Malagón4Departamento de Química, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja (UTPL), Calle Marcelino Champagnat s/n, Loja 110107, EcuadorDepartamento de Química, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja (UTPL), Calle Marcelino Champagnat s/n, Loja 110107, EcuadorDepartamento de Química, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja (UTPL), Calle Marcelino Champagnat s/n, Loja 110107, EcuadorDepartamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja (UTPL), Calle Marcelino Champagnat s/n, Loja 110107, EcuadorDepartamento de Química, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja (UTPL), Calle Marcelino Champagnat s/n, Loja 110107, EcuadorThe leaves of <i>Nectandra laurel</i> Klotzsch ex Nees, belonging to the family, Lauraceae, were collected in the province of Loja (Ecuador), dried, and analytically steam-distilled. An unprecedented essential oil was obtained, with a 0.03% yield by weight of dry plant material. The volatile fraction was submitted to qualitative (GC-MS) and quantitative (GC-FID) chemical analysis, on two orthogonal stationary phases. Seventy-eight compounds were detected and quantified on at least one column. The essential oil was dominated by sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (53.0–53.8% on the non-polar and polar stationary phase, respectively), followed by oxygenated sesquiterpenoids (18.9–19.0%). A third group was constituted by metabolites of other origins, mainly aliphatic compounds, apparently derived from the acetate pathway (11.7–8.5%). The major components of the EO (≥3.0% with at least one column) were δ-selinene (30.5–28.8%), δ-cadinene (5.4–6.4%), <i>epi</i>-α-cadinol (4.9–5.2%), an undetermined compound with a molecular weight of 204 (3.4–4.2%), α-pinene (3.3–2.9%), and α-cadinol (2.9–3.0%). Finally, the essential oil was submitted to enantioselective analysis, on two β-cyclodextrin-based chiral selectors, determining the enantiomeric distribution of seven chiral terpenes. Among them, (1<i>R</i>,5<i>R</i>)-(+)-α-pinene, (1<i>R</i>,5<i>R</i>)-(+)-β-pinene, and (<i>R</i>)-(−)-α-phellandrene were enantiomerically pure, whereas camphene, borneol, α-copaene, and α-terpineol were present as scalemic mixtures.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/18/3331β-cyclodextrinesenantiomersgas chromatographymass spectrometry<i>Nectandra mollis</i><i>Nectandra tovarensis</i> |
| spellingShingle | Gianluca Gilardoni Aníbal A. Enríquez Yessenia E. Maldonado Nixon Cumbicus Omar Malagón A New Essential Oil from the Native Andean Species <i>Nectandra laurel</i> Klotzsch ex Nees of Southern Ecuador: Chemical and Enantioselective Analyses Plants β-cyclodextrines enantiomers gas chromatography mass spectrometry <i>Nectandra mollis</i> <i>Nectandra tovarensis</i> |
| title | A New Essential Oil from the Native Andean Species <i>Nectandra laurel</i> Klotzsch ex Nees of Southern Ecuador: Chemical and Enantioselective Analyses |
| title_full | A New Essential Oil from the Native Andean Species <i>Nectandra laurel</i> Klotzsch ex Nees of Southern Ecuador: Chemical and Enantioselective Analyses |
| title_fullStr | A New Essential Oil from the Native Andean Species <i>Nectandra laurel</i> Klotzsch ex Nees of Southern Ecuador: Chemical and Enantioselective Analyses |
| title_full_unstemmed | A New Essential Oil from the Native Andean Species <i>Nectandra laurel</i> Klotzsch ex Nees of Southern Ecuador: Chemical and Enantioselective Analyses |
| title_short | A New Essential Oil from the Native Andean Species <i>Nectandra laurel</i> Klotzsch ex Nees of Southern Ecuador: Chemical and Enantioselective Analyses |
| title_sort | new essential oil from the native andean species i nectandra laurel i klotzsch ex nees of southern ecuador chemical and enantioselective analyses |
| topic | β-cyclodextrines enantiomers gas chromatography mass spectrometry <i>Nectandra mollis</i> <i>Nectandra tovarensis</i> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/18/3331 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT gianlucagilardoni anewessentialoilfromthenativeandeanspeciesinectandralaureliklotzschexneesofsouthernecuadorchemicalandenantioselectiveanalyses AT anibalaenriquez anewessentialoilfromthenativeandeanspeciesinectandralaureliklotzschexneesofsouthernecuadorchemicalandenantioselectiveanalyses AT yesseniaemaldonado anewessentialoilfromthenativeandeanspeciesinectandralaureliklotzschexneesofsouthernecuadorchemicalandenantioselectiveanalyses AT nixoncumbicus anewessentialoilfromthenativeandeanspeciesinectandralaureliklotzschexneesofsouthernecuadorchemicalandenantioselectiveanalyses AT omarmalagon anewessentialoilfromthenativeandeanspeciesinectandralaureliklotzschexneesofsouthernecuadorchemicalandenantioselectiveanalyses AT gianlucagilardoni newessentialoilfromthenativeandeanspeciesinectandralaureliklotzschexneesofsouthernecuadorchemicalandenantioselectiveanalyses AT anibalaenriquez newessentialoilfromthenativeandeanspeciesinectandralaureliklotzschexneesofsouthernecuadorchemicalandenantioselectiveanalyses AT yesseniaemaldonado newessentialoilfromthenativeandeanspeciesinectandralaureliklotzschexneesofsouthernecuadorchemicalandenantioselectiveanalyses AT nixoncumbicus newessentialoilfromthenativeandeanspeciesinectandralaureliklotzschexneesofsouthernecuadorchemicalandenantioselectiveanalyses AT omarmalagon newessentialoilfromthenativeandeanspeciesinectandralaureliklotzschexneesofsouthernecuadorchemicalandenantioselectiveanalyses |