Inoculation of <i>Triticum Aestivum</i> L. (Poaceae) with Plant-Growth-Promoting Fungi Alleviates Plant Oxidative Stress and Enhances Phenanthrene Dissipation in Soil
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are strong toxic compounds mainly released to the environment during combustion of fossil fuels, and have strong toxic effects on living organisms, with soil being one of their main reservoirs. High PAH levels in soils can interfere with plant growth and bioma...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2021-02-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/3/411 |
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| author | Claudio Lagos John Larsen Alejandra Fuentes Hector Herrera Inmaculada García-Romera Reinaldo Campos-Vargas Cesar Arriagada |
| author_facet | Claudio Lagos John Larsen Alejandra Fuentes Hector Herrera Inmaculada García-Romera Reinaldo Campos-Vargas Cesar Arriagada |
| author_sort | Claudio Lagos |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are strong toxic compounds mainly released to the environment during combustion of fossil fuels, and have strong toxic effects on living organisms, with soil being one of their main reservoirs. High PAH levels in soils can interfere with plant growth and biomass production, causing several losses of diversity. In this study, we evaluated the effects of the co-inoculation of <i>Trichoderma viride</i> and <i>Funneliformis mosseae</i> on PAH dissipation and alleviation of oxidative stress in <i>Triticum aestivum</i> L. (wheat) plants growing in a phenanthrene-spiked soil. We determined the effect of single and dual fungal inoculation on phenanthrene dissipation rates, soil enzyme activities, dry biomass, antioxidant enzymes, lipid peroxidation, and organic acid exudation of plants growing in a soil spiked with phenanthrene at 500 and 1000 mg kg<sup>−1</sup> soil. The co-inoculation with <i>T. viride</i> and <i>F. mosseae</i> resulted in a high phenanthrene dissipation from the soil. Also, dry biomass, soil enzymes, antioxidant response, organic acid exudation and phenanthrene content in roots were increased by the dual inoculation treatments, whereas lipid peroxidation and phenanthrene content in shoots were reduced. Our results show that the co-inoculation with these two soil fungi significantly promotes phenanthrene dissipation from soil and contributes to alleviating oxidative damage in wheat plants exposed to high levels of phenanthrene. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T00:35:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8fbd884a85f74b43951de0fcf717ce24 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T00:35:36Z |
| publishDate | 2021-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-8fbd884a85f74b43951de0fcf717ce242023-12-11T18:13:10ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952021-02-0111341110.3390/agronomy11030411Inoculation of <i>Triticum Aestivum</i> L. (Poaceae) with Plant-Growth-Promoting Fungi Alleviates Plant Oxidative Stress and Enhances Phenanthrene Dissipation in SoilClaudio Lagos0John Larsen1Alejandra Fuentes2Hector Herrera3Inmaculada García-Romera4Reinaldo Campos-Vargas5Cesar Arriagada6Laboratorio de Biorremediación, Departamento de Ciencias Forestales, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Forestales, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, ChileLaboratorio de Agroecología, Instituto de Investigación en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad UNAM Campus Morelia, Antigua Carretera a Pátzcuaro 8701, Morelia 58190, Michoacán, MexicoLaboratorio de Biorremediación, Departamento de Ciencias Forestales, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Forestales, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, ChileLaboratorio de Biorremediación, Departamento de Ciencias Forestales, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Forestales, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, ChileDepartment of Soil Microbiology and Symbiotic Systems, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), E-18008 Granada, SpainCentro de Estudio Postcosecha–CEPOC, Departamento de Producción Agrícola, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 1058, ChileLaboratorio de Biorremediación, Departamento de Ciencias Forestales, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Forestales, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, ChilePolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are strong toxic compounds mainly released to the environment during combustion of fossil fuels, and have strong toxic effects on living organisms, with soil being one of their main reservoirs. High PAH levels in soils can interfere with plant growth and biomass production, causing several losses of diversity. In this study, we evaluated the effects of the co-inoculation of <i>Trichoderma viride</i> and <i>Funneliformis mosseae</i> on PAH dissipation and alleviation of oxidative stress in <i>Triticum aestivum</i> L. (wheat) plants growing in a phenanthrene-spiked soil. We determined the effect of single and dual fungal inoculation on phenanthrene dissipation rates, soil enzyme activities, dry biomass, antioxidant enzymes, lipid peroxidation, and organic acid exudation of plants growing in a soil spiked with phenanthrene at 500 and 1000 mg kg<sup>−1</sup> soil. The co-inoculation with <i>T. viride</i> and <i>F. mosseae</i> resulted in a high phenanthrene dissipation from the soil. Also, dry biomass, soil enzymes, antioxidant response, organic acid exudation and phenanthrene content in roots were increased by the dual inoculation treatments, whereas lipid peroxidation and phenanthrene content in shoots were reduced. Our results show that the co-inoculation with these two soil fungi significantly promotes phenanthrene dissipation from soil and contributes to alleviating oxidative damage in wheat plants exposed to high levels of phenanthrene.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/3/411antioxidant enzymesarbuscular mycorrhizal fungipolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbonssaprotrophic fungisoil bioremediation |
| spellingShingle | Claudio Lagos John Larsen Alejandra Fuentes Hector Herrera Inmaculada García-Romera Reinaldo Campos-Vargas Cesar Arriagada Inoculation of <i>Triticum Aestivum</i> L. (Poaceae) with Plant-Growth-Promoting Fungi Alleviates Plant Oxidative Stress and Enhances Phenanthrene Dissipation in Soil Agronomy antioxidant enzymes arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons saprotrophic fungi soil bioremediation |
| title | Inoculation of <i>Triticum Aestivum</i> L. (Poaceae) with Plant-Growth-Promoting Fungi Alleviates Plant Oxidative Stress and Enhances Phenanthrene Dissipation in Soil |
| title_full | Inoculation of <i>Triticum Aestivum</i> L. (Poaceae) with Plant-Growth-Promoting Fungi Alleviates Plant Oxidative Stress and Enhances Phenanthrene Dissipation in Soil |
| title_fullStr | Inoculation of <i>Triticum Aestivum</i> L. (Poaceae) with Plant-Growth-Promoting Fungi Alleviates Plant Oxidative Stress and Enhances Phenanthrene Dissipation in Soil |
| title_full_unstemmed | Inoculation of <i>Triticum Aestivum</i> L. (Poaceae) with Plant-Growth-Promoting Fungi Alleviates Plant Oxidative Stress and Enhances Phenanthrene Dissipation in Soil |
| title_short | Inoculation of <i>Triticum Aestivum</i> L. (Poaceae) with Plant-Growth-Promoting Fungi Alleviates Plant Oxidative Stress and Enhances Phenanthrene Dissipation in Soil |
| title_sort | inoculation of i triticum aestivum i l poaceae with plant growth promoting fungi alleviates plant oxidative stress and enhances phenanthrene dissipation in soil |
| topic | antioxidant enzymes arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons saprotrophic fungi soil bioremediation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/3/411 |
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