Dosage of Dual-Protein Nutrition Differentially Impacts the Formation of Atherosclerosis in <i>ApoE<sup>−/−</sup></i> Mice
Atherosclerosis (AS) is recognized as the original cause of most cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. The dual-protein (DP) nutrition that consists of soy protein and whey protein is reported to be associated with a reduction in AS; however, the relationship between DP and AS remains ambiguo...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-02-01
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| Series: | Nutrients |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/4/855 |
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| author | Yingchun Huang Kun Zhang Li Zhang Juhui Qiu Lin Fu Tieying Yin Jing Wang Rui Qin Jingjie Zhang Xianwen Dong Guixue Wang |
| author_facet | Yingchun Huang Kun Zhang Li Zhang Juhui Qiu Lin Fu Tieying Yin Jing Wang Rui Qin Jingjie Zhang Xianwen Dong Guixue Wang |
| author_sort | Yingchun Huang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Atherosclerosis (AS) is recognized as the original cause of most cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. The dual-protein (DP) nutrition that consists of soy protein and whey protein is reported to be associated with a reduction in AS; however, the relationship between DP and AS remains ambiguous. Therefore, this study aimed to verify the effect of DP on AS and explore the optimal DP intake to improve AS. <i>ApoE<sup>−/−</sup></i> mice were administrated with low- (LDP), middle- (MDP), and high-dose (HDP) DP. The MDP group exhibited significant improvements in AS. In terms of lipid metabolism, the levels of plasma total triglyceride and LDL-C and the mRNA expression levels of Cyp7a1 and PCSK9 were markedly tuned in the MDP group. In addition, the MDP treatment group had a substantially lower inflammatory response and better intestinal barrier function than LDP and HDP groups. The species richness demonstrated by the Chao1 index was distinctly increased in the MDP group, and the relative abundance of intestinal-permeability-protective microbes <i>Blautia</i> and <i>Akkermansia</i> was significantly elevated. In summary, an adequate intake of DP was able to counteract atherosclerosis development in <i>ApoE<sup>−/−</sup></i> mice, and this study provides a scientific theoretical basis for the application of DP in the food and pharmaceutical fields. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:17:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8fc87e56435040b2b17f535bd9233473 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:17:59Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-8fc87e56435040b2b17f535bd92334732023-11-23T21:29:26ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432022-02-0114485510.3390/nu14040855Dosage of Dual-Protein Nutrition Differentially Impacts the Formation of Atherosclerosis in <i>ApoE<sup>−/−</sup></i> MiceYingchun Huang0Kun Zhang1Li Zhang2Juhui Qiu3Lin Fu4Tieying Yin5Jing Wang6Rui Qin7Jingjie Zhang8Xianwen Dong9Guixue Wang10Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, ChinaKey Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, ChinaChongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing 402493, ChinaKey Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, ChinaChongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing 402493, ChinaKey Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, ChinaInstitute of Food and Nutrition Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100086, ChinaCollege of Life Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430079, ChinaInstitute of Food and Nutrition Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100086, ChinaKey Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, ChinaKey Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, ChinaAtherosclerosis (AS) is recognized as the original cause of most cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. The dual-protein (DP) nutrition that consists of soy protein and whey protein is reported to be associated with a reduction in AS; however, the relationship between DP and AS remains ambiguous. Therefore, this study aimed to verify the effect of DP on AS and explore the optimal DP intake to improve AS. <i>ApoE<sup>−/−</sup></i> mice were administrated with low- (LDP), middle- (MDP), and high-dose (HDP) DP. The MDP group exhibited significant improvements in AS. In terms of lipid metabolism, the levels of plasma total triglyceride and LDL-C and the mRNA expression levels of Cyp7a1 and PCSK9 were markedly tuned in the MDP group. In addition, the MDP treatment group had a substantially lower inflammatory response and better intestinal barrier function than LDP and HDP groups. The species richness demonstrated by the Chao1 index was distinctly increased in the MDP group, and the relative abundance of intestinal-permeability-protective microbes <i>Blautia</i> and <i>Akkermansia</i> was significantly elevated. In summary, an adequate intake of DP was able to counteract atherosclerosis development in <i>ApoE<sup>−/−</sup></i> mice, and this study provides a scientific theoretical basis for the application of DP in the food and pharmaceutical fields.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/4/855atherosclerosisdual proteinsdosagelipid metabolismgut microbiota |
| spellingShingle | Yingchun Huang Kun Zhang Li Zhang Juhui Qiu Lin Fu Tieying Yin Jing Wang Rui Qin Jingjie Zhang Xianwen Dong Guixue Wang Dosage of Dual-Protein Nutrition Differentially Impacts the Formation of Atherosclerosis in <i>ApoE<sup>−/−</sup></i> Mice Nutrients atherosclerosis dual proteins dosage lipid metabolism gut microbiota |
| title | Dosage of Dual-Protein Nutrition Differentially Impacts the Formation of Atherosclerosis in <i>ApoE<sup>−/−</sup></i> Mice |
| title_full | Dosage of Dual-Protein Nutrition Differentially Impacts the Formation of Atherosclerosis in <i>ApoE<sup>−/−</sup></i> Mice |
| title_fullStr | Dosage of Dual-Protein Nutrition Differentially Impacts the Formation of Atherosclerosis in <i>ApoE<sup>−/−</sup></i> Mice |
| title_full_unstemmed | Dosage of Dual-Protein Nutrition Differentially Impacts the Formation of Atherosclerosis in <i>ApoE<sup>−/−</sup></i> Mice |
| title_short | Dosage of Dual-Protein Nutrition Differentially Impacts the Formation of Atherosclerosis in <i>ApoE<sup>−/−</sup></i> Mice |
| title_sort | dosage of dual protein nutrition differentially impacts the formation of atherosclerosis in i apoe sup sup i mice |
| topic | atherosclerosis dual proteins dosage lipid metabolism gut microbiota |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/4/855 |
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