Dual-Layer Metamaterial Rectangular Antenna Arrays for In-Band Full-Duplex Massive MIMO
This paper presents a prototype pair of dual-layer electromagnetic bandgap slotted circularly polarized patch <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$8\times 8$ </tex-math></inline-formula>Tx/<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$8\...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IEEE
2023-01-01
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| Series: | IEEE Access |
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| Online Access: | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10335685/ |
| _version_ | 1797401025525579776 |
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| author | Yuanzhe Gong Mobeen Mahmood Robert Morawski Tho Le-Ngoc |
| author_facet | Yuanzhe Gong Mobeen Mahmood Robert Morawski Tho Le-Ngoc |
| author_sort | Yuanzhe Gong |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This paper presents a prototype pair of dual-layer electromagnetic bandgap slotted circularly polarized patch <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$8\times 8$ </tex-math></inline-formula>Tx/<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$8\times 8$ </tex-math></inline-formula>Rx orthogonally-polarized antenna arrays designed for in-band full-duplex massive MIMO. The design processes of the antenna array, beamforming feeding network, and beam steering algorithms are discussed. The proposed prototype operates in a bandwidth of 250 MHz (or 7.1% at 3.5 GHz) from 3.35 GHz to 3.6 GHz. Using orthogonal Tx/Rx polarization, an average mutual coupling between any two Tx and Rx antenna elements of −49.2 dB can be achieved. Further improvement in Tx-to-Rx isolation at the beam level can be achieved with the two proposed beamforming schemes. Illustrative results using Tx/Rx <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1\times 4$ </tex-math></inline-formula> sub-arrays indicate the formed beams with an average mutual coupling of −65.6 dB between any two Tx and Rx beams (i.e., an improvement of 16.4 dB in Tx/Rx isolation). The sample Tx and Rx far-field beam patterns, radiation null depth and position, and corresponding Tx-to-Rx mutual coupling levels are investigated, which gives insight into the beamforming isolation improvement design. Within a steering range from −50 to 50 degrees, a directivity over 10.7 dB, a 3dB-beamwidth narrower than 33.0 degrees, and a normalized sidelobe level lower than −9.0 dB are achieved. Simulation and measurement results on the mutual coupling, beamforming directivity, beamwidth, and radiation patterns in various scenarios are investigated and found to be in good agreement. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T02:03:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8fcb66a6b446437f870e4913cd7a9f26 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2169-3536 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T02:03:54Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | IEEE |
| record_format | Article |
| series | IEEE Access |
| spelling | doaj.art-8fcb66a6b446437f870e4913cd7a9f262023-12-08T00:03:32ZengIEEEIEEE Access2169-35362023-01-011113570813572710.1109/ACCESS.2023.333782310335685Dual-Layer Metamaterial Rectangular Antenna Arrays for In-Band Full-Duplex Massive MIMOYuanzhe Gong0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2583-9462Mobeen Mahmood1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2454-3953Robert Morawski2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0371-6608Tho Le-Ngoc3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9308-8894Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, CanadaDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, CanadaDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, CanadaDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, CanadaThis paper presents a prototype pair of dual-layer electromagnetic bandgap slotted circularly polarized patch <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$8\times 8$ </tex-math></inline-formula>Tx/<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$8\times 8$ </tex-math></inline-formula>Rx orthogonally-polarized antenna arrays designed for in-band full-duplex massive MIMO. The design processes of the antenna array, beamforming feeding network, and beam steering algorithms are discussed. The proposed prototype operates in a bandwidth of 250 MHz (or 7.1% at 3.5 GHz) from 3.35 GHz to 3.6 GHz. Using orthogonal Tx/Rx polarization, an average mutual coupling between any two Tx and Rx antenna elements of −49.2 dB can be achieved. Further improvement in Tx-to-Rx isolation at the beam level can be achieved with the two proposed beamforming schemes. Illustrative results using Tx/Rx <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1\times 4$ </tex-math></inline-formula> sub-arrays indicate the formed beams with an average mutual coupling of −65.6 dB between any two Tx and Rx beams (i.e., an improvement of 16.4 dB in Tx/Rx isolation). The sample Tx and Rx far-field beam patterns, radiation null depth and position, and corresponding Tx-to-Rx mutual coupling levels are investigated, which gives insight into the beamforming isolation improvement design. Within a steering range from −50 to 50 degrees, a directivity over 10.7 dB, a 3dB-beamwidth narrower than 33.0 degrees, and a normalized sidelobe level lower than −9.0 dB are achieved. Simulation and measurement results on the mutual coupling, beamforming directivity, beamwidth, and radiation patterns in various scenarios are investigated and found to be in good agreement.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10335685/Antenna isolationarray beambeamformingfull-duplexmassive MIMOmutual coupling |
| spellingShingle | Yuanzhe Gong Mobeen Mahmood Robert Morawski Tho Le-Ngoc Dual-Layer Metamaterial Rectangular Antenna Arrays for In-Band Full-Duplex Massive MIMO IEEE Access Antenna isolation array beam beamforming full-duplex massive MIMO mutual coupling |
| title | Dual-Layer Metamaterial Rectangular Antenna Arrays for In-Band Full-Duplex Massive MIMO |
| title_full | Dual-Layer Metamaterial Rectangular Antenna Arrays for In-Band Full-Duplex Massive MIMO |
| title_fullStr | Dual-Layer Metamaterial Rectangular Antenna Arrays for In-Band Full-Duplex Massive MIMO |
| title_full_unstemmed | Dual-Layer Metamaterial Rectangular Antenna Arrays for In-Band Full-Duplex Massive MIMO |
| title_short | Dual-Layer Metamaterial Rectangular Antenna Arrays for In-Band Full-Duplex Massive MIMO |
| title_sort | dual layer metamaterial rectangular antenna arrays for in band full duplex massive mimo |
| topic | Antenna isolation array beam beamforming full-duplex massive MIMO mutual coupling |
| url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10335685/ |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT yuanzhegong duallayermetamaterialrectangularantennaarraysforinbandfullduplexmassivemimo AT mobeenmahmood duallayermetamaterialrectangularantennaarraysforinbandfullduplexmassivemimo AT robertmorawski duallayermetamaterialrectangularantennaarraysforinbandfullduplexmassivemimo AT tholengoc duallayermetamaterialrectangularantennaarraysforinbandfullduplexmassivemimo |