Antibody response following the third and fourth SARS-CoV-2 vaccine dose in individuals with common variable immunodeficiency
BackgroundThe antibody response after vaccination is impaired in common variable immunodeficiency (CVID).ObjectiveWe aimed to study the spike receptor-binding domain IgG antibody (anti-S-RBD) levels during a four-dose SARS-CoV-2 vaccination strategy and after monoclonal antibody (mAB) treatment in C...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2022.934476/full |
| _version_ | 1811223394660646912 |
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| author | Bibi Uhre Nielsen Camilla Heldbjerg Drabe Mike Bogetofte Barnkob Isik Somuncu Johansen Anne Kirstine Kronborg Hansen Anna Christine Nilsson Line Dahlerup Rasmussen Line Dahlerup Rasmussen |
| author_facet | Bibi Uhre Nielsen Camilla Heldbjerg Drabe Mike Bogetofte Barnkob Isik Somuncu Johansen Anne Kirstine Kronborg Hansen Anna Christine Nilsson Line Dahlerup Rasmussen Line Dahlerup Rasmussen |
| author_sort | Bibi Uhre Nielsen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundThe antibody response after vaccination is impaired in common variable immunodeficiency (CVID).ObjectiveWe aimed to study the spike receptor-binding domain IgG antibody (anti-S-RBD) levels during a four-dose SARS-CoV-2 vaccination strategy and after monoclonal antibody (mAB) treatment in CVID. Moreover, we assessed the anti-S-RBD levels in immunoglobulin replacement therapy (IgRT) products.MethodsIn an observational study, we examined anti-S-RBD levels after the second, third, and fourth dose of mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. Moreover, we measured anti-S-RBD after treatment with mAB. Finally, anti-S-RBD was assessed in common IgRT products. Antibody non-responders (anti-S-RBD < 7.1) were compared by McNemar’s test and anti-S-RBD levels were compared with paired and non-paired Wilcoxon signed rank tests as well as Kruskal–Wallis tests.ResultsAmong 33 individuals with CVID, anti-S-RBD levels increased after the third vaccine dose (165 BAU/ml [95% confidence interval: 85; 2280 BAU/ml], p = 0.006) and tended to increase after the fourth dose (193 BAU/ml, [−22; 569 BAU/ml], p = 0.080) compared to the previous dose. With increasing number of vaccinations, the proportion of patients who seroconverted (anti-S-RBD ≥ 7.1) increased non-significantly. mAB treatment resulted in a large increase in anti-S-RBD and a higher median level than gained after the fourth dose of vaccine (p = 0.009). IgRT products had varying concentrations of anti-S-RBD (p < 0.001), but none of the products seemed to affect the overall antibody levels (p = 0.460).ConclusionMultiple SARS-CoV-2 vaccine doses in CVID seem to provide additional protection, as antibody levels increased after the third and fourth vaccine dose. However, anti-S-RBD levels from mAB outperform the levels mounted after vaccination.Clinical ImplicationsBoosting with SARS-CoV-2 vaccines seems to improve the antibody response in CVID patients.Capsule summaryThe third and possibly also the fourth dose of mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in CVID improve the antibody response as well as stimulate seroconversion in most non-responders. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T08:30:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8fda2aa4538145e28845afab29373877 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T08:30:58Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-8fda2aa4538145e28845afab293738772022-12-22T03:40:12ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242022-07-011310.3389/fimmu.2022.934476934476Antibody response following the third and fourth SARS-CoV-2 vaccine dose in individuals with common variable immunodeficiencyBibi Uhre Nielsen0Camilla Heldbjerg Drabe1Mike Bogetofte Barnkob2Isik Somuncu Johansen3Anne Kirstine Kronborg Hansen4Anna Christine Nilsson5Line Dahlerup Rasmussen6Line Dahlerup Rasmussen7Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, DenmarkDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, DenmarkDepartment of Clinical Immunology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, DenmarkDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Odense University Hospital, & Research Unit for Infectious Diseases, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, DenmarkDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Odense University Hospital, & Research Unit for Infectious Diseases, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, DenmarkDepartment of Clinical Immunology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, DenmarkDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Odense University Hospital, & Research Unit for Infectious Diseases, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, DenmarkOPEN, Odense Patient data Explorative Network, Odense University Hospital, Odense, DenmarkBackgroundThe antibody response after vaccination is impaired in common variable immunodeficiency (CVID).ObjectiveWe aimed to study the spike receptor-binding domain IgG antibody (anti-S-RBD) levels during a four-dose SARS-CoV-2 vaccination strategy and after monoclonal antibody (mAB) treatment in CVID. Moreover, we assessed the anti-S-RBD levels in immunoglobulin replacement therapy (IgRT) products.MethodsIn an observational study, we examined anti-S-RBD levels after the second, third, and fourth dose of mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. Moreover, we measured anti-S-RBD after treatment with mAB. Finally, anti-S-RBD was assessed in common IgRT products. Antibody non-responders (anti-S-RBD < 7.1) were compared by McNemar’s test and anti-S-RBD levels were compared with paired and non-paired Wilcoxon signed rank tests as well as Kruskal–Wallis tests.ResultsAmong 33 individuals with CVID, anti-S-RBD levels increased after the third vaccine dose (165 BAU/ml [95% confidence interval: 85; 2280 BAU/ml], p = 0.006) and tended to increase after the fourth dose (193 BAU/ml, [−22; 569 BAU/ml], p = 0.080) compared to the previous dose. With increasing number of vaccinations, the proportion of patients who seroconverted (anti-S-RBD ≥ 7.1) increased non-significantly. mAB treatment resulted in a large increase in anti-S-RBD and a higher median level than gained after the fourth dose of vaccine (p = 0.009). IgRT products had varying concentrations of anti-S-RBD (p < 0.001), but none of the products seemed to affect the overall antibody levels (p = 0.460).ConclusionMultiple SARS-CoV-2 vaccine doses in CVID seem to provide additional protection, as antibody levels increased after the third and fourth vaccine dose. However, anti-S-RBD levels from mAB outperform the levels mounted after vaccination.Clinical ImplicationsBoosting with SARS-CoV-2 vaccines seems to improve the antibody response in CVID patients.Capsule summaryThe third and possibly also the fourth dose of mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in CVID improve the antibody response as well as stimulate seroconversion in most non-responders.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2022.934476/fullcvidsars-cov2covid-19corona vaccinationbooster doses |
| spellingShingle | Bibi Uhre Nielsen Camilla Heldbjerg Drabe Mike Bogetofte Barnkob Isik Somuncu Johansen Anne Kirstine Kronborg Hansen Anna Christine Nilsson Line Dahlerup Rasmussen Line Dahlerup Rasmussen Antibody response following the third and fourth SARS-CoV-2 vaccine dose in individuals with common variable immunodeficiency Frontiers in Immunology cvid sars-cov2 covid-19 corona vaccination booster doses |
| title | Antibody response following the third and fourth SARS-CoV-2 vaccine dose in individuals with common variable immunodeficiency |
| title_full | Antibody response following the third and fourth SARS-CoV-2 vaccine dose in individuals with common variable immunodeficiency |
| title_fullStr | Antibody response following the third and fourth SARS-CoV-2 vaccine dose in individuals with common variable immunodeficiency |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antibody response following the third and fourth SARS-CoV-2 vaccine dose in individuals with common variable immunodeficiency |
| title_short | Antibody response following the third and fourth SARS-CoV-2 vaccine dose in individuals with common variable immunodeficiency |
| title_sort | antibody response following the third and fourth sars cov 2 vaccine dose in individuals with common variable immunodeficiency |
| topic | cvid sars-cov2 covid-19 corona vaccination booster doses |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2022.934476/full |
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