Evolution of floral characters and biogeography of Heloniadeae (Melanthiaceae): an example of breeding system shifts with inflorescence change
Abstract Heloniadeae (Melanthiaceae) presents an East Asia–North America disjunct distribution. Different molecular and morphological data nevertheless support the tribe as a monophyletic group. However, their phylogenetic relationships and biogeographic history, together with the character evolutio...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Nature Portfolio
2021-11-01
|
| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-01049-0 |
| _version_ | 1818569506915614720 |
|---|---|
| author | Chien-Ti Chao Chu-Chia Kuo Jui-Tse Chang Min-Wei Chai Pei-Chun Liao |
| author_facet | Chien-Ti Chao Chu-Chia Kuo Jui-Tse Chang Min-Wei Chai Pei-Chun Liao |
| author_sort | Chien-Ti Chao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Heloniadeae (Melanthiaceae) presents an East Asia–North America disjunct distribution. Different molecular and morphological data nevertheless support the tribe as a monophyletic group. However, their phylogenetic relationships and biogeographic history, together with the character evolution, are not clear. Therefore, we constructed a Bayesian phylogenetic tree for Heloniadeae using cpDNA and inferred the historical biogeography and floral character evolution. The results revealed that Heloniadeae was distributed in high-latitudes of East Asia and North America, originating since 22.2 mya. The East Asia clade migrated into southwest China, and subsequently colonized the Korean Peninsula, Taiwan, the Ryukyus, and spread northward to Japan and southern Sakhalin. The evolution of the inflorescence and number of flowers were phylogenetically conserved, associated with the historical biogeography of Heloniadeae. The inflorescences transferred from raceme to sub-umbel, and the number of flowers decreased during the dispersal process, which may be accompanied by changes in the breeding system. Besides, the anthesis period was more affected by the habitat environment than phylogenetic constraints. The flowering temperature of was below 20 °C in most species, except H. kawanoi. Such a low temperature might not be conductive to pollinator activities, but it could be compensated by sustaining seed production with long-lasting flowers. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T06:48:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8fdbf2d8740642d28520b53239e9a9ea |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T06:48:55Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-8fdbf2d8740642d28520b53239e9a9ea2022-12-21T23:12:57ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222021-11-0111111210.1038/s41598-021-01049-0Evolution of floral characters and biogeography of Heloniadeae (Melanthiaceae): an example of breeding system shifts with inflorescence changeChien-Ti Chao0Chu-Chia Kuo1Jui-Tse Chang2Min-Wei Chai3Pei-Chun Liao4School of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal UniversityDepartment of Biological Resources, National Chiayi UniversitySchool of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal UniversitySchool of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal UniversitySchool of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal UniversityAbstract Heloniadeae (Melanthiaceae) presents an East Asia–North America disjunct distribution. Different molecular and morphological data nevertheless support the tribe as a monophyletic group. However, their phylogenetic relationships and biogeographic history, together with the character evolution, are not clear. Therefore, we constructed a Bayesian phylogenetic tree for Heloniadeae using cpDNA and inferred the historical biogeography and floral character evolution. The results revealed that Heloniadeae was distributed in high-latitudes of East Asia and North America, originating since 22.2 mya. The East Asia clade migrated into southwest China, and subsequently colonized the Korean Peninsula, Taiwan, the Ryukyus, and spread northward to Japan and southern Sakhalin. The evolution of the inflorescence and number of flowers were phylogenetically conserved, associated with the historical biogeography of Heloniadeae. The inflorescences transferred from raceme to sub-umbel, and the number of flowers decreased during the dispersal process, which may be accompanied by changes in the breeding system. Besides, the anthesis period was more affected by the habitat environment than phylogenetic constraints. The flowering temperature of was below 20 °C in most species, except H. kawanoi. Such a low temperature might not be conductive to pollinator activities, but it could be compensated by sustaining seed production with long-lasting flowers.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-01049-0 |
| spellingShingle | Chien-Ti Chao Chu-Chia Kuo Jui-Tse Chang Min-Wei Chai Pei-Chun Liao Evolution of floral characters and biogeography of Heloniadeae (Melanthiaceae): an example of breeding system shifts with inflorescence change Scientific Reports |
| title | Evolution of floral characters and biogeography of Heloniadeae (Melanthiaceae): an example of breeding system shifts with inflorescence change |
| title_full | Evolution of floral characters and biogeography of Heloniadeae (Melanthiaceae): an example of breeding system shifts with inflorescence change |
| title_fullStr | Evolution of floral characters and biogeography of Heloniadeae (Melanthiaceae): an example of breeding system shifts with inflorescence change |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evolution of floral characters and biogeography of Heloniadeae (Melanthiaceae): an example of breeding system shifts with inflorescence change |
| title_short | Evolution of floral characters and biogeography of Heloniadeae (Melanthiaceae): an example of breeding system shifts with inflorescence change |
| title_sort | evolution of floral characters and biogeography of heloniadeae melanthiaceae an example of breeding system shifts with inflorescence change |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-01049-0 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT chientichao evolutionoffloralcharactersandbiogeographyofheloniadeaemelanthiaceaeanexampleofbreedingsystemshiftswithinflorescencechange AT chuchiakuo evolutionoffloralcharactersandbiogeographyofheloniadeaemelanthiaceaeanexampleofbreedingsystemshiftswithinflorescencechange AT juitsechang evolutionoffloralcharactersandbiogeographyofheloniadeaemelanthiaceaeanexampleofbreedingsystemshiftswithinflorescencechange AT minweichai evolutionoffloralcharactersandbiogeographyofheloniadeaemelanthiaceaeanexampleofbreedingsystemshiftswithinflorescencechange AT peichunliao evolutionoffloralcharactersandbiogeographyofheloniadeaemelanthiaceaeanexampleofbreedingsystemshiftswithinflorescencechange |