Pyruvate: A key Nutrient in Hypersaline Environments?
Some of the most commonly occurring but difficult to isolate halophilic prokaryotes, Archaea as well as Bacteria, require or prefer pyruvate as carbon and energy source. The most efficient media for the enumeration and isolation of heterotrophic prokaryotes from natural environments, from freshwater...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2015-08-01
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| Series: | Microorganisms |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/3/3/407 |
| _version_ | 1818617976405884928 |
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| author | Aharon Oren |
| author_facet | Aharon Oren |
| author_sort | Aharon Oren |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Some of the most commonly occurring but difficult to isolate halophilic prokaryotes, Archaea as well as Bacteria, require or prefer pyruvate as carbon and energy source. The most efficient media for the enumeration and isolation of heterotrophic prokaryotes from natural environments, from freshwater to hypersaline, including the widely used R2A agar medium, contain pyruvate as a key ingredient. Examples of pyruvate-loving halophiles are the square, extremely halophilic archaeon Haloquadratum walsbyi and the halophilic gammaproteobacterium Spiribacter salinus. However, surprisingly little is known about the availability of pyruvate in natural environments and about the way it enters the cell. Some halophilic Archaea (Halorubrum saccharovorum, Haloarcula spp.) partially convert sugars and glycerol to pyruvate and other acids (acetate, lactate) which are excreted to the medium. Pyruvate formation from glycerol was also shown during a bloom of halophilic Archaea in the Dead Sea. However, no pyruvate transporters were yet identified in the genomes of halophilic Archaea, and altogether, our understanding of pyruvate transport in the prokaryote world is very limited. Therefore, the preference for pyruvate by fastidious and often elusive halophiles and the empirically proven enhanced colony recovery on agar media containing pyruvate are still poorly understood. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-16T17:14:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8fe646ff66c042d098506159572049b9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-16T17:14:15Z |
| publishDate | 2015-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj.art-8fe646ff66c042d098506159572049b92022-12-21T22:23:20ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072015-08-013340741610.3390/microorganisms3030407microorganisms3030407Pyruvate: A key Nutrient in Hypersaline Environments?Aharon Oren0Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Jerusalem 91904, IsraelSome of the most commonly occurring but difficult to isolate halophilic prokaryotes, Archaea as well as Bacteria, require or prefer pyruvate as carbon and energy source. The most efficient media for the enumeration and isolation of heterotrophic prokaryotes from natural environments, from freshwater to hypersaline, including the widely used R2A agar medium, contain pyruvate as a key ingredient. Examples of pyruvate-loving halophiles are the square, extremely halophilic archaeon Haloquadratum walsbyi and the halophilic gammaproteobacterium Spiribacter salinus. However, surprisingly little is known about the availability of pyruvate in natural environments and about the way it enters the cell. Some halophilic Archaea (Halorubrum saccharovorum, Haloarcula spp.) partially convert sugars and glycerol to pyruvate and other acids (acetate, lactate) which are excreted to the medium. Pyruvate formation from glycerol was also shown during a bloom of halophilic Archaea in the Dead Sea. However, no pyruvate transporters were yet identified in the genomes of halophilic Archaea, and altogether, our understanding of pyruvate transport in the prokaryote world is very limited. Therefore, the preference for pyruvate by fastidious and often elusive halophiles and the empirically proven enhanced colony recovery on agar media containing pyruvate are still poorly understood.http://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/3/3/407pyruvateHalobacteriaceaeHaloquadratumHalosimplexSpiribacterglyceroldihydroxyacetone |
| spellingShingle | Aharon Oren Pyruvate: A key Nutrient in Hypersaline Environments? Microorganisms pyruvate Halobacteriaceae Haloquadratum Halosimplex Spiribacter glycerol dihydroxyacetone |
| title | Pyruvate: A key Nutrient in Hypersaline Environments? |
| title_full | Pyruvate: A key Nutrient in Hypersaline Environments? |
| title_fullStr | Pyruvate: A key Nutrient in Hypersaline Environments? |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pyruvate: A key Nutrient in Hypersaline Environments? |
| title_short | Pyruvate: A key Nutrient in Hypersaline Environments? |
| title_sort | pyruvate a key nutrient in hypersaline environments |
| topic | pyruvate Halobacteriaceae Haloquadratum Halosimplex Spiribacter glycerol dihydroxyacetone |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/3/3/407 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT aharonoren pyruvateakeynutrientinhypersalineenvironments |