Comprehensive Analysis of Transcriptome and Metabolome Elucidates the Molecular Regulatory Mechanism of Salt Resistance in Roots of <i>Achnatherum inebrians</i> Mediated by <i>Epichloë gansuensis</i>
Salinization of soil is a major environmental risk factor to plant functions, leading to a reduction of productivity of crops and forage. <i>Epichloë gansuensis</i>, seed-borne endophytic fungi, establishes a mutualistic symbiotic relationship with <i>Achnatherum inebrians</i>...
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Journal of Fungi |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/8/10/1092 |
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| author | Chao Wang Rong Huang Jianfeng Wang Jie Jin Kamran Malik Xueli Niu Rong Tang Wenpeng Hou Chen Cheng Yinglong Liu Jie Liu |
| author_facet | Chao Wang Rong Huang Jianfeng Wang Jie Jin Kamran Malik Xueli Niu Rong Tang Wenpeng Hou Chen Cheng Yinglong Liu Jie Liu |
| author_sort | Chao Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Salinization of soil is a major environmental risk factor to plant functions, leading to a reduction of productivity of crops and forage. <i>Epichloë gansuensis</i>, seed-borne endophytic fungi, establishes a mutualistic symbiotic relationship with <i>Achnatherum inebrians</i> and confers salt tolerance in the host plants. In this study, analysis of transcriptome and metabolome was used to explore the potential molecular mechanism underlying the salt-adaptation of <i>A. inebrians</i> roots mediated by <i>E. gansuensis</i>. We found that <i>E. gansuensis</i> played an important role in the gene expression of the host’s roots and regulated multiple pathways involved in amino acid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, TCA cycle, secondary metabolism, and lipid metabolism in the roots of <i>A. inebrians</i>. Importantly, <i>E. gansuensis</i> significantly induced the biological processes, including exocytosis, glycolytic process, fructose metabolic process, and potassium ion transport in roots of host plants at transcriptional levels, and altered the pathways, including inositol phosphate metabolism, galactose metabolism, starch, and sucrose metabolism at metabolite levels under NaCl stress. These findings provided insight into the molecular mechanism of salt resistance in roots of <i>A. inebrians</i> mediated by <i>E. gansuensis</i> and could drive progress in the cultivation of new salt-resistance breeds with endophytes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:00:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8fee66308fac4c8aba5dbbd4735d9aa5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2309-608X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:00:09Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Fungi |
| spelling | doaj.art-8fee66308fac4c8aba5dbbd4735d9aa52023-11-24T00:47:49ZengMDPI AGJournal of Fungi2309-608X2022-10-01810109210.3390/jof8101092Comprehensive Analysis of Transcriptome and Metabolome Elucidates the Molecular Regulatory Mechanism of Salt Resistance in Roots of <i>Achnatherum inebrians</i> Mediated by <i>Epichloë gansuensis</i>Chao Wang0Rong Huang1Jianfeng Wang2Jie Jin3Kamran Malik4Xueli Niu5Rong Tang6Wenpeng Hou7Chen Cheng8Yinglong Liu9Jie Liu10State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Center for Grassland Microbiome, Collaborative Innovation Center for Western Ecological Safety, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Center for Grassland Microbiome, Collaborative Innovation Center for Western Ecological Safety, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Center for Grassland Microbiome, Collaborative Innovation Center for Western Ecological Safety, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Center for Grassland Microbiome, Collaborative Innovation Center for Western Ecological Safety, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Center for Grassland Microbiome, Collaborative Innovation Center for Western Ecological Safety, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, ChinaSchool of Life Science and Technology, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang 524048, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Center for Grassland Microbiome, Collaborative Innovation Center for Western Ecological Safety, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Center for Grassland Microbiome, Collaborative Innovation Center for Western Ecological Safety, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Center for Grassland Microbiome, Collaborative Innovation Center for Western Ecological Safety, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Center for Grassland Microbiome, Collaborative Innovation Center for Western Ecological Safety, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Center for Grassland Microbiome, Collaborative Innovation Center for Western Ecological Safety, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, ChinaSalinization of soil is a major environmental risk factor to plant functions, leading to a reduction of productivity of crops and forage. <i>Epichloë gansuensis</i>, seed-borne endophytic fungi, establishes a mutualistic symbiotic relationship with <i>Achnatherum inebrians</i> and confers salt tolerance in the host plants. In this study, analysis of transcriptome and metabolome was used to explore the potential molecular mechanism underlying the salt-adaptation of <i>A. inebrians</i> roots mediated by <i>E. gansuensis</i>. We found that <i>E. gansuensis</i> played an important role in the gene expression of the host’s roots and regulated multiple pathways involved in amino acid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, TCA cycle, secondary metabolism, and lipid metabolism in the roots of <i>A. inebrians</i>. Importantly, <i>E. gansuensis</i> significantly induced the biological processes, including exocytosis, glycolytic process, fructose metabolic process, and potassium ion transport in roots of host plants at transcriptional levels, and altered the pathways, including inositol phosphate metabolism, galactose metabolism, starch, and sucrose metabolism at metabolite levels under NaCl stress. These findings provided insight into the molecular mechanism of salt resistance in roots of <i>A. inebrians</i> mediated by <i>E. gansuensis</i> and could drive progress in the cultivation of new salt-resistance breeds with endophytes.https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/8/10/1092<i>Epichloë gansuensis</i>transcriptomemetabolomedifferentially expressed genesdifferentially expressed metabolitesalt tolerance |
| spellingShingle | Chao Wang Rong Huang Jianfeng Wang Jie Jin Kamran Malik Xueli Niu Rong Tang Wenpeng Hou Chen Cheng Yinglong Liu Jie Liu Comprehensive Analysis of Transcriptome and Metabolome Elucidates the Molecular Regulatory Mechanism of Salt Resistance in Roots of <i>Achnatherum inebrians</i> Mediated by <i>Epichloë gansuensis</i> Journal of Fungi <i>Epichloë gansuensis</i> transcriptome metabolome differentially expressed genes differentially expressed metabolite salt tolerance |
| title | Comprehensive Analysis of Transcriptome and Metabolome Elucidates the Molecular Regulatory Mechanism of Salt Resistance in Roots of <i>Achnatherum inebrians</i> Mediated by <i>Epichloë gansuensis</i> |
| title_full | Comprehensive Analysis of Transcriptome and Metabolome Elucidates the Molecular Regulatory Mechanism of Salt Resistance in Roots of <i>Achnatherum inebrians</i> Mediated by <i>Epichloë gansuensis</i> |
| title_fullStr | Comprehensive Analysis of Transcriptome and Metabolome Elucidates the Molecular Regulatory Mechanism of Salt Resistance in Roots of <i>Achnatherum inebrians</i> Mediated by <i>Epichloë gansuensis</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comprehensive Analysis of Transcriptome and Metabolome Elucidates the Molecular Regulatory Mechanism of Salt Resistance in Roots of <i>Achnatherum inebrians</i> Mediated by <i>Epichloë gansuensis</i> |
| title_short | Comprehensive Analysis of Transcriptome and Metabolome Elucidates the Molecular Regulatory Mechanism of Salt Resistance in Roots of <i>Achnatherum inebrians</i> Mediated by <i>Epichloë gansuensis</i> |
| title_sort | comprehensive analysis of transcriptome and metabolome elucidates the molecular regulatory mechanism of salt resistance in roots of i achnatherum inebrians i mediated by i epichloe gansuensis i |
| topic | <i>Epichloë gansuensis</i> transcriptome metabolome differentially expressed genes differentially expressed metabolite salt tolerance |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/8/10/1092 |
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