| Summary: | Spinal cord injury (SCI) is one of the major disabilities dealt
with in clinical rehabilitation settings and is multifactorial in that the patients
suffer from motor and sensory impairments as well as many other complications throughout
their lifetimes. Many clinical trials have been documented during the last two decades
to restore damaged spinal cords. However, only a few pharmacological therapies used in
clinical settings which still have only limited effects on the regeneration, recovery
speed, or retraining of the spinal cord. In this paper, we will introduce recent
clinical trials, which performed pharmacological treatments and cell transplantations
for patients with SCI, and evaluate recent in vivo studies for the regeneration of
injured spinal cord, including stem-cell transplantation, application of neurotrophic
factors and suppressor of inhibiting factors, development of biomaterial scaffolds and
delivery systems, rehabilitation, and the combinations of these therapies to evaluate
what can be appropriately applied in the future to the patients with SCI.
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