Aqueous Zinc–Chalcogen Batteries: Emerging Conversion-Type Energy Storage Systems

Aqueous zinc (Zn) metal batteries are considered competitive candidates for next-generation energy storage, attributed to the abundance, low redox potential, and high theoretical capacity of Zn. However, conventional cathode materials are mainly based on ion-insertion electrochemistry, which can onl...

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Main Authors: Long Zhang, Yongchang Liu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2023-01-01
Series:Batteries
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2313-0105/9/1/62
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author Long Zhang
Yongchang Liu
author_facet Long Zhang
Yongchang Liu
author_sort Long Zhang
collection DOAJ
description Aqueous zinc (Zn) metal batteries are considered competitive candidates for next-generation energy storage, attributed to the abundance, low redox potential, and high theoretical capacity of Zn. However, conventional cathode materials are mainly based on ion-insertion electrochemistry, which can only deliver limited capacity. The conversion-type aqueous zinc–chalcogen batteries (AZCBs) have received widespread attention because they combine the advantages of chalcogen cathodes (S, Se, and Te) and Zn anodes to significantly enhance their capacity. Research on AZCBs has increased continuously; however, it is still in its infancy because the selection and regulation of cathode material systems are not comprehensive and systematic, and the investigation of the mechanisms is not thorough. Herein, we present a detailed overview explaining the recent progress of AZCBs, providing comprehensive guidelines for further research. First, research based on S cathodes, which is the most studied system among AZCBs, is summarized. Second, research based on Se and Te cathodes is described. Research on these different systems is mainly focused on electrolyte modification and cathode optimization. In each section, various strategies are introduced, and the working mechanisms are also discussed. Finally, the challenges and prospects for the development of AZCBs are presented.
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spelling doaj.art-8ff408d9bf5347168b3e7381634c2c2b2023-11-30T21:13:08ZengMDPI AGBatteries2313-01052023-01-01916210.3390/batteries9010062Aqueous Zinc–Chalcogen Batteries: Emerging Conversion-Type Energy Storage SystemsLong Zhang0Yongchang Liu1School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, ChinaBeijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, ChinaAqueous zinc (Zn) metal batteries are considered competitive candidates for next-generation energy storage, attributed to the abundance, low redox potential, and high theoretical capacity of Zn. However, conventional cathode materials are mainly based on ion-insertion electrochemistry, which can only deliver limited capacity. The conversion-type aqueous zinc–chalcogen batteries (AZCBs) have received widespread attention because they combine the advantages of chalcogen cathodes (S, Se, and Te) and Zn anodes to significantly enhance their capacity. Research on AZCBs has increased continuously; however, it is still in its infancy because the selection and regulation of cathode material systems are not comprehensive and systematic, and the investigation of the mechanisms is not thorough. Herein, we present a detailed overview explaining the recent progress of AZCBs, providing comprehensive guidelines for further research. First, research based on S cathodes, which is the most studied system among AZCBs, is summarized. Second, research based on Se and Te cathodes is described. Research on these different systems is mainly focused on electrolyte modification and cathode optimization. In each section, various strategies are introduced, and the working mechanisms are also discussed. Finally, the challenges and prospects for the development of AZCBs are presented.https://www.mdpi.com/2313-0105/9/1/62aqueous zinc–chalcogen batteriesaqueous zinc metal batteriessulfur cathodesselenium cathodestellurium cathodeselectrolyte modifications
spellingShingle Long Zhang
Yongchang Liu
Aqueous Zinc–Chalcogen Batteries: Emerging Conversion-Type Energy Storage Systems
Batteries
aqueous zinc–chalcogen batteries
aqueous zinc metal batteries
sulfur cathodes
selenium cathodes
tellurium cathodes
electrolyte modifications
title Aqueous Zinc–Chalcogen Batteries: Emerging Conversion-Type Energy Storage Systems
title_full Aqueous Zinc–Chalcogen Batteries: Emerging Conversion-Type Energy Storage Systems
title_fullStr Aqueous Zinc–Chalcogen Batteries: Emerging Conversion-Type Energy Storage Systems
title_full_unstemmed Aqueous Zinc–Chalcogen Batteries: Emerging Conversion-Type Energy Storage Systems
title_short Aqueous Zinc–Chalcogen Batteries: Emerging Conversion-Type Energy Storage Systems
title_sort aqueous zinc chalcogen batteries emerging conversion type energy storage systems
topic aqueous zinc–chalcogen batteries
aqueous zinc metal batteries
sulfur cathodes
selenium cathodes
tellurium cathodes
electrolyte modifications
url https://www.mdpi.com/2313-0105/9/1/62
work_keys_str_mv AT longzhang aqueouszincchalcogenbatteriesemergingconversiontypeenergystoragesystems
AT yongchangliu aqueouszincchalcogenbatteriesemergingconversiontypeenergystoragesystems