Cytoprotective Potential of Fucoxanthin in Oxidative Stress-Induced Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cell Senescence In Vivo and In Vitro
Oxidative stress is identified as a major inducer of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cell dysregulation and is associated with age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The protection of RPE disorders plays an essential role in the pathological progress of retinal degeneration diseases. The pharmacol...
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MDPI AG
2021-02-01
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| author | Shiu-Jau Chen Tzer-Bin Lin Hsien-Yu Peng Hsiang-Jui Liu An-Sheng Lee Cheng-Hsien Lin Kuang-Wen Tseng |
| author_facet | Shiu-Jau Chen Tzer-Bin Lin Hsien-Yu Peng Hsiang-Jui Liu An-Sheng Lee Cheng-Hsien Lin Kuang-Wen Tseng |
| author_sort | Shiu-Jau Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Oxidative stress is identified as a major inducer of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cell dysregulation and is associated with age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The protection of RPE disorders plays an essential role in the pathological progress of retinal degeneration diseases. The pharmacological functions of fucoxanthin, a characteristic carotenoid, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, may ameliorate an outstanding bioactivity against premature senescence and cellular dysfunction. This study demonstrates that fucoxanthin protects RPE cells from oxidative stress-induced premature senescence and decreased photoreceptor cell loss in a sodium iodate-induced AMD animal model. Similarly, oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide, nuclear phosphorylated histone (γH2AX) deposition and premature senescence-associated β-galactosidase staining were inhibited by fucoxanthin pretreatment in a human RPE cell line, ARPE-19 cells. Results reveal that fucoxanthin treatment significantly inhibited reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations and increased the mitochondrial metabolic rate in oxidative stress-induced RPE cell damage. Moreover, atrophy of apical microvilli was inhibited in cells treated with fucoxanthin after oxidative stress. During aging, the RPE undergoes well-characterized pathological changes, including amyloid beta (Aβ) deposition, beta-site amyloid precursor protein-cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) expression and tight junction disruption, which were also reduced in fucoxanthin-treated groups by immunofluorescence. Altogether, pretreatment with fucoxanthin may protect against premature senescence and cellular dysfunction in retinal cells by oxidative stress in experimental AMD animal and human RPE cell models. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T00:45:48Z |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T00:45:48Z |
| publishDate | 2021-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Marine Drugs |
| spelling | doaj.art-8ff712e1436744d7aa7f2ffcdada18eb2023-12-11T17:32:34ZengMDPI AGMarine Drugs1660-33972021-02-0119211410.3390/md19020114Cytoprotective Potential of Fucoxanthin in Oxidative Stress-Induced Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cell Senescence In Vivo and In VitroShiu-Jau Chen0Tzer-Bin Lin1Hsien-Yu Peng2Hsiang-Jui Liu3An-Sheng Lee4Cheng-Hsien Lin5Kuang-Wen Tseng6Department of Neurosurgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 10449, TaiwanDepartment of Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11049, TaiwanDepartment of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei 25245, TaiwanDepartment of Optometry, Mackay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing, and Management, New Taipei 11260, TaiwanDepartment of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei 25245, TaiwanDepartment of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei 25245, TaiwanDepartment of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei 25245, TaiwanOxidative stress is identified as a major inducer of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cell dysregulation and is associated with age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The protection of RPE disorders plays an essential role in the pathological progress of retinal degeneration diseases. The pharmacological functions of fucoxanthin, a characteristic carotenoid, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, may ameliorate an outstanding bioactivity against premature senescence and cellular dysfunction. This study demonstrates that fucoxanthin protects RPE cells from oxidative stress-induced premature senescence and decreased photoreceptor cell loss in a sodium iodate-induced AMD animal model. Similarly, oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide, nuclear phosphorylated histone (γH2AX) deposition and premature senescence-associated β-galactosidase staining were inhibited by fucoxanthin pretreatment in a human RPE cell line, ARPE-19 cells. Results reveal that fucoxanthin treatment significantly inhibited reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations and increased the mitochondrial metabolic rate in oxidative stress-induced RPE cell damage. Moreover, atrophy of apical microvilli was inhibited in cells treated with fucoxanthin after oxidative stress. During aging, the RPE undergoes well-characterized pathological changes, including amyloid beta (Aβ) deposition, beta-site amyloid precursor protein-cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) expression and tight junction disruption, which were also reduced in fucoxanthin-treated groups by immunofluorescence. Altogether, pretreatment with fucoxanthin may protect against premature senescence and cellular dysfunction in retinal cells by oxidative stress in experimental AMD animal and human RPE cell models.https://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/19/2/114fucoxanthinretinal pigment epitheliumpremature senescenceage-related macular degeneration |
| spellingShingle | Shiu-Jau Chen Tzer-Bin Lin Hsien-Yu Peng Hsiang-Jui Liu An-Sheng Lee Cheng-Hsien Lin Kuang-Wen Tseng Cytoprotective Potential of Fucoxanthin in Oxidative Stress-Induced Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cell Senescence In Vivo and In Vitro Marine Drugs fucoxanthin retinal pigment epithelium premature senescence age-related macular degeneration |
| title | Cytoprotective Potential of Fucoxanthin in Oxidative Stress-Induced Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cell Senescence In Vivo and In Vitro |
| title_full | Cytoprotective Potential of Fucoxanthin in Oxidative Stress-Induced Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cell Senescence In Vivo and In Vitro |
| title_fullStr | Cytoprotective Potential of Fucoxanthin in Oxidative Stress-Induced Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cell Senescence In Vivo and In Vitro |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cytoprotective Potential of Fucoxanthin in Oxidative Stress-Induced Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cell Senescence In Vivo and In Vitro |
| title_short | Cytoprotective Potential of Fucoxanthin in Oxidative Stress-Induced Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cell Senescence In Vivo and In Vitro |
| title_sort | cytoprotective potential of fucoxanthin in oxidative stress induced age related macular degeneration and retinal pigment epithelial cell senescence in vivo and in vitro |
| topic | fucoxanthin retinal pigment epithelium premature senescence age-related macular degeneration |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/19/2/114 |
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