Gene structure and expression characteristics of liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide-2 isoforms in mud loach (Misgurnus mizolepis, Cypriniformes)
Abstract Background Liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide-2 (LEAP-2) is an important component of innate immune system in teleosts. In order to understand isoform-specific involvement and regulation of LEAP-2 genes in mud loach (Misgurnus mizolepis, Cypriniformes), a commercially important food fish...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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The Korean Society of Fisheries and Aquatic Science
2017-12-01
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| Series: | Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences |
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| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s41240-017-0076-6 |
| _version_ | 1818325379813736448 |
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| author | Sang Yoon Lee Yoon Kwon Nam |
| author_facet | Sang Yoon Lee Yoon Kwon Nam |
| author_sort | Sang Yoon Lee |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide-2 (LEAP-2) is an important component of innate immune system in teleosts. In order to understand isoform-specific involvement and regulation of LEAP-2 genes in mud loach (Misgurnus mizolepis, Cypriniformes), a commercially important food fish, this study was aimed to characterize gene structure and expression characteristics of two paralog LEAP-2 isoforms. Results Mud loach LEAP-2 isoforms (LEAP-2A and LEAP-2B) showed conserved features in the core structure of mature peptides characterized by four Cys residues to form two disulfide bonds. The two paralog isoforms represented a tripartite genomic organization, known as a common structure of vertebrate LEAP-2 genes. Bioinformatic analysis predicted various transcription factor binding motifs in the 5′-flanking regions of mud loach LEAP-2 genes with regard to development and immune response. Mud loach LEAP-2A and LEAP-2B isoforms exhibited different tissue expression patterns and were developmentally regulated. Both isoforms are rapidly modulated toward upregulation during bacterial challenge in an isoform and/or tissue-dependent fashion. Conclusion Both LEAP-2 isoforms play protective roles not only in embryonic and larval development but also in early immune response to bacterial invasion in mud loach. The regulation pattern of the two isoform genes under basal and stimulated conditions would be isoform-specific, suggestive of a certain degree of functional divergence between isoforms in innate immune system in this species. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T11:43:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-900fc13b2a22428c9cfebf58cad16841 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2234-1757 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T11:43:33Z |
| publishDate | 2017-12-01 |
| publisher | The Korean Society of Fisheries and Aquatic Science |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-900fc13b2a22428c9cfebf58cad168412022-12-21T23:47:34ZengThe Korean Society of Fisheries and Aquatic ScienceFisheries and Aquatic Sciences2234-17572017-12-0120111110.1186/s41240-017-0076-6Gene structure and expression characteristics of liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide-2 isoforms in mud loach (Misgurnus mizolepis, Cypriniformes)Sang Yoon Lee0Yoon Kwon Nam1Department of Marine Bio-Materials and Aquaculture, Pukyong National UniversityDepartment of Marine Bio-Materials and Aquaculture, Pukyong National UniversityAbstract Background Liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide-2 (LEAP-2) is an important component of innate immune system in teleosts. In order to understand isoform-specific involvement and regulation of LEAP-2 genes in mud loach (Misgurnus mizolepis, Cypriniformes), a commercially important food fish, this study was aimed to characterize gene structure and expression characteristics of two paralog LEAP-2 isoforms. Results Mud loach LEAP-2 isoforms (LEAP-2A and LEAP-2B) showed conserved features in the core structure of mature peptides characterized by four Cys residues to form two disulfide bonds. The two paralog isoforms represented a tripartite genomic organization, known as a common structure of vertebrate LEAP-2 genes. Bioinformatic analysis predicted various transcription factor binding motifs in the 5′-flanking regions of mud loach LEAP-2 genes with regard to development and immune response. Mud loach LEAP-2A and LEAP-2B isoforms exhibited different tissue expression patterns and were developmentally regulated. Both isoforms are rapidly modulated toward upregulation during bacterial challenge in an isoform and/or tissue-dependent fashion. Conclusion Both LEAP-2 isoforms play protective roles not only in embryonic and larval development but also in early immune response to bacterial invasion in mud loach. The regulation pattern of the two isoform genes under basal and stimulated conditions would be isoform-specific, suggestive of a certain degree of functional divergence between isoforms in innate immune system in this species.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s41240-017-0076-6Mud loach Misgurnus mizolepisLEAP-2 isoformsDevelopmentBacterial challenge |
| spellingShingle | Sang Yoon Lee Yoon Kwon Nam Gene structure and expression characteristics of liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide-2 isoforms in mud loach (Misgurnus mizolepis, Cypriniformes) Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Mud loach Misgurnus mizolepis LEAP-2 isoforms Development Bacterial challenge |
| title | Gene structure and expression characteristics of liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide-2 isoforms in mud loach (Misgurnus mizolepis, Cypriniformes) |
| title_full | Gene structure and expression characteristics of liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide-2 isoforms in mud loach (Misgurnus mizolepis, Cypriniformes) |
| title_fullStr | Gene structure and expression characteristics of liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide-2 isoforms in mud loach (Misgurnus mizolepis, Cypriniformes) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Gene structure and expression characteristics of liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide-2 isoforms in mud loach (Misgurnus mizolepis, Cypriniformes) |
| title_short | Gene structure and expression characteristics of liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide-2 isoforms in mud loach (Misgurnus mizolepis, Cypriniformes) |
| title_sort | gene structure and expression characteristics of liver expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 isoforms in mud loach misgurnus mizolepis cypriniformes |
| topic | Mud loach Misgurnus mizolepis LEAP-2 isoforms Development Bacterial challenge |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s41240-017-0076-6 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT sangyoonlee genestructureandexpressioncharacteristicsofliverexpressedantimicrobialpeptide2isoformsinmudloachmisgurnusmizolepiscypriniformes AT yoonkwonnam genestructureandexpressioncharacteristicsofliverexpressedantimicrobialpeptide2isoformsinmudloachmisgurnusmizolepiscypriniformes |