Cellular Modifications in Spermatogenesis during Seasonal Testicular Regression: An Update Review in Mammals
Testicular regression occurs during the non-breeding season in many mammals. This affects spermatogenesis, resulting in decreased or arrested activity. Both lead to a decrease or cessation in sperm production. In recent years, the cellular mechanisms that lead to infertility in males in non-reproduc...
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MDPI AG
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Animals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/13/1605 |
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| author | Ester Beltrán-Frutos Vicente Seco-Rovira Jesús Martínez-Hernández Concepción Ferrer María Isabel Serrano-Sánchez Luis Miguel Pastor |
| author_facet | Ester Beltrán-Frutos Vicente Seco-Rovira Jesús Martínez-Hernández Concepción Ferrer María Isabel Serrano-Sánchez Luis Miguel Pastor |
| author_sort | Ester Beltrán-Frutos |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Testicular regression occurs during the non-breeding season in many mammals. This affects spermatogenesis, resulting in decreased or arrested activity. Both lead to a decrease or cessation in sperm production. In recent years, the cellular mechanisms that lead to infertility in males in non-reproductive periods have been studied in very different species of mammals. At the start of the present century, the main mechanism involved was considered as an increase in the apoptotic activity of germ cells during the regression period. The loss of spermatogonia and spermatocytes causes not only a decrease in spermatogenesis, but an arrest of the seminiferous epithelium activity at the end of regression. Recently, in some mammal species, it was found that apoptosis is the usual mechanism involved in epithelium activity arrest, although it is firstly atrophied by massive desquamation of the germ cells that are released from their binding with the Sertoli cells, and which are shed into the lumen of the seminiferous tubule. In other species, it has been shown that not only germ cell apoptosis, but also Sertoli cell apoptosis, including decreased proliferative activity, spermatophagy or autophagy, are involved in testicular regression. Furthermore, the most recent studies indicate that there are multiple patterns of seminiferous epithelium regression in seasonally breeding animals, which may not only be used by different species, but also by the same ones to reproduce in the best conditions, ensuring their survival. In conclusion, at this time, it is not possible to consider the existence of a paradigmatic cellular mechanism in the involution of the seminiferous epithelium applicable to all male mammals with seasonal reproduction, rather the existence of several mechanisms which participate to a greater or lesser extent in each of the species that have been studied to date. |
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| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:11:30Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-901a4943222544a2a3ba7bbe14a963da2023-11-23T19:31:46ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152022-06-011213160510.3390/ani12131605Cellular Modifications in Spermatogenesis during Seasonal Testicular Regression: An Update Review in MammalsEster Beltrán-Frutos0Vicente Seco-Rovira1Jesús Martínez-Hernández2Concepción Ferrer3María Isabel Serrano-Sánchez4Luis Miguel Pastor5Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Medical School, IMIB-Arrixaca, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, SpainDepartment of Cell Biology and Histology, Medical School, IMIB-Arrixaca, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, SpainDepartment of Cell Biology and Histology, Medical School, IMIB-Arrixaca, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, SpainDepartment of Cell Biology and Histology, Medical School, IMIB-Arrixaca, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, SpainDepartment of Cell Biology and Histology, Medical School, IMIB-Arrixaca, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, SpainDepartment of Cell Biology and Histology, Medical School, IMIB-Arrixaca, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, SpainTesticular regression occurs during the non-breeding season in many mammals. This affects spermatogenesis, resulting in decreased or arrested activity. Both lead to a decrease or cessation in sperm production. In recent years, the cellular mechanisms that lead to infertility in males in non-reproductive periods have been studied in very different species of mammals. At the start of the present century, the main mechanism involved was considered as an increase in the apoptotic activity of germ cells during the regression period. The loss of spermatogonia and spermatocytes causes not only a decrease in spermatogenesis, but an arrest of the seminiferous epithelium activity at the end of regression. Recently, in some mammal species, it was found that apoptosis is the usual mechanism involved in epithelium activity arrest, although it is firstly atrophied by massive desquamation of the germ cells that are released from their binding with the Sertoli cells, and which are shed into the lumen of the seminiferous tubule. In other species, it has been shown that not only germ cell apoptosis, but also Sertoli cell apoptosis, including decreased proliferative activity, spermatophagy or autophagy, are involved in testicular regression. Furthermore, the most recent studies indicate that there are multiple patterns of seminiferous epithelium regression in seasonally breeding animals, which may not only be used by different species, but also by the same ones to reproduce in the best conditions, ensuring their survival. In conclusion, at this time, it is not possible to consider the existence of a paradigmatic cellular mechanism in the involution of the seminiferous epithelium applicable to all male mammals with seasonal reproduction, rather the existence of several mechanisms which participate to a greater or lesser extent in each of the species that have been studied to date.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/13/1605proliferationapoptosisSertoli cellshort photoperiodtestesseminiferous epithelium |
| spellingShingle | Ester Beltrán-Frutos Vicente Seco-Rovira Jesús Martínez-Hernández Concepción Ferrer María Isabel Serrano-Sánchez Luis Miguel Pastor Cellular Modifications in Spermatogenesis during Seasonal Testicular Regression: An Update Review in Mammals Animals proliferation apoptosis Sertoli cell short photoperiod testes seminiferous epithelium |
| title | Cellular Modifications in Spermatogenesis during Seasonal Testicular Regression: An Update Review in Mammals |
| title_full | Cellular Modifications in Spermatogenesis during Seasonal Testicular Regression: An Update Review in Mammals |
| title_fullStr | Cellular Modifications in Spermatogenesis during Seasonal Testicular Regression: An Update Review in Mammals |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cellular Modifications in Spermatogenesis during Seasonal Testicular Regression: An Update Review in Mammals |
| title_short | Cellular Modifications in Spermatogenesis during Seasonal Testicular Regression: An Update Review in Mammals |
| title_sort | cellular modifications in spermatogenesis during seasonal testicular regression an update review in mammals |
| topic | proliferation apoptosis Sertoli cell short photoperiod testes seminiferous epithelium |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/13/1605 |
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