Cortical gyrification is abnormal in children with prenatal alcohol exposure
Objectives: Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) adversely affects early brain development. Previous studies have shown a wide range of structural and functional abnormalities in children and adolescents with PAE. The current study adds to the existing literature specifically on cortical development by e...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2017-01-01
|
| Series: | NeuroImage: Clinical |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158217301201 |
| _version_ | 1818215975040843776 |
|---|---|
| author | Timothy J. Hendrickson Bryon A. Mueller Elizabeth R. Sowell Sarah N. Mattson Claire D. Coles Julie A. Kable Kenneth L. Jones Christopher J. Boys Kelvin O. Lim Edward P. Riley Jeffrey R. Wozniak |
| author_facet | Timothy J. Hendrickson Bryon A. Mueller Elizabeth R. Sowell Sarah N. Mattson Claire D. Coles Julie A. Kable Kenneth L. Jones Christopher J. Boys Kelvin O. Lim Edward P. Riley Jeffrey R. Wozniak |
| author_sort | Timothy J. Hendrickson |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objectives: Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) adversely affects early brain development. Previous studies have shown a wide range of structural and functional abnormalities in children and adolescents with PAE. The current study adds to the existing literature specifically on cortical development by examining cortical gyrification in a large sample of children with PAE compared to controls. Relationships between cortical development and intellectual functioning are also examined. Experimental design: Included were 92 children with PAE and 83 controls ages 9–16 from four sites in the Collaborative Initiative on FASD (CIFASD). All PAE participants had documented heavy PAE. All underwent a formal evaluation of physical anomalies and dysmorphic facial features. MRI data were collected using modified matched protocols on three platforms (Siemens, GE, and Philips). Cortical gyrification was examined using a semi-automated procedure. Principal observations: Whole brain group comparisons using Monte Carlo z-simulation for multiple comparisons showed significantly lower cortical gyrification across a large proportion of the cerebral cortex amongst PAE compared to controls. Whole brain comparisons and ROI based analyses showed strong positive correlations between cortical gyrification and IQ (i.e. less developed cortex was associated with lower IQ). Conclusions: Abnormalities in cortical development were seen across the brain in children with PAE compared to controls. Cortical gyrification and IQ were strongly correlated, suggesting that examining mechanisms by which alcohol disrupts cortical formation may yield clinically relevant insights and potential directions for early intervention. Keywords: Fetal alcohol (FAS, FASD), Brain, MRI, Cortex, Neuropsychology |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T06:44:37Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-902ae894d2e74f919be960314158fd87 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2213-1582 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T06:44:37Z |
| publishDate | 2017-01-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | NeuroImage: Clinical |
| spelling | doaj.art-902ae894d2e74f919be960314158fd872022-12-22T00:34:13ZengElsevierNeuroImage: Clinical2213-15822017-01-0115391400Cortical gyrification is abnormal in children with prenatal alcohol exposureTimothy J. Hendrickson0Bryon A. Mueller1Elizabeth R. Sowell2Sarah N. Mattson3Claire D. Coles4Julie A. Kable5Kenneth L. Jones6Christopher J. Boys7Kelvin O. Lim8Edward P. Riley9Jeffrey R. Wozniak10University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, United StatesUniversity of Minnesota, Twin Cities, United StatesChildren's Hospital of Los Angeles, University of Southern California, United StatesSan Diego State University, United StatesEmory University, United StatesEmory University, United StatesUniversity of California, San Diego, United StatesUniversity of Minnesota, Twin Cities, United StatesUniversity of Minnesota, Twin Cities, United StatesSan Diego State University, United StatesUniversity of Minnesota, Twin Cities, United States; Corresponding author at: Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, F282/2A West, 2450 Riverside Ave., Minneapolis, MN 55454, United States.Objectives: Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) adversely affects early brain development. Previous studies have shown a wide range of structural and functional abnormalities in children and adolescents with PAE. The current study adds to the existing literature specifically on cortical development by examining cortical gyrification in a large sample of children with PAE compared to controls. Relationships between cortical development and intellectual functioning are also examined. Experimental design: Included were 92 children with PAE and 83 controls ages 9–16 from four sites in the Collaborative Initiative on FASD (CIFASD). All PAE participants had documented heavy PAE. All underwent a formal evaluation of physical anomalies and dysmorphic facial features. MRI data were collected using modified matched protocols on three platforms (Siemens, GE, and Philips). Cortical gyrification was examined using a semi-automated procedure. Principal observations: Whole brain group comparisons using Monte Carlo z-simulation for multiple comparisons showed significantly lower cortical gyrification across a large proportion of the cerebral cortex amongst PAE compared to controls. Whole brain comparisons and ROI based analyses showed strong positive correlations between cortical gyrification and IQ (i.e. less developed cortex was associated with lower IQ). Conclusions: Abnormalities in cortical development were seen across the brain in children with PAE compared to controls. Cortical gyrification and IQ were strongly correlated, suggesting that examining mechanisms by which alcohol disrupts cortical formation may yield clinically relevant insights and potential directions for early intervention. Keywords: Fetal alcohol (FAS, FASD), Brain, MRI, Cortex, Neuropsychologyhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158217301201 |
| spellingShingle | Timothy J. Hendrickson Bryon A. Mueller Elizabeth R. Sowell Sarah N. Mattson Claire D. Coles Julie A. Kable Kenneth L. Jones Christopher J. Boys Kelvin O. Lim Edward P. Riley Jeffrey R. Wozniak Cortical gyrification is abnormal in children with prenatal alcohol exposure NeuroImage: Clinical |
| title | Cortical gyrification is abnormal in children with prenatal alcohol exposure |
| title_full | Cortical gyrification is abnormal in children with prenatal alcohol exposure |
| title_fullStr | Cortical gyrification is abnormal in children with prenatal alcohol exposure |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cortical gyrification is abnormal in children with prenatal alcohol exposure |
| title_short | Cortical gyrification is abnormal in children with prenatal alcohol exposure |
| title_sort | cortical gyrification is abnormal in children with prenatal alcohol exposure |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158217301201 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT timothyjhendrickson corticalgyrificationisabnormalinchildrenwithprenatalalcoholexposure AT bryonamueller corticalgyrificationisabnormalinchildrenwithprenatalalcoholexposure AT elizabethrsowell corticalgyrificationisabnormalinchildrenwithprenatalalcoholexposure AT sarahnmattson corticalgyrificationisabnormalinchildrenwithprenatalalcoholexposure AT clairedcoles corticalgyrificationisabnormalinchildrenwithprenatalalcoholexposure AT julieakable corticalgyrificationisabnormalinchildrenwithprenatalalcoholexposure AT kennethljones corticalgyrificationisabnormalinchildrenwithprenatalalcoholexposure AT christopherjboys corticalgyrificationisabnormalinchildrenwithprenatalalcoholexposure AT kelvinolim corticalgyrificationisabnormalinchildrenwithprenatalalcoholexposure AT edwardpriley corticalgyrificationisabnormalinchildrenwithprenatalalcoholexposure AT jeffreyrwozniak corticalgyrificationisabnormalinchildrenwithprenatalalcoholexposure |