Achieving 100% Renewable and Self-Sufficient Electricity in Impoverished, Rural, Northern Climates: Case Studies from Upper Michigan, USA
The development of 100% renewable electricity (RE) systems play a pivotal role in ensuring climate stability. Many municipalities blessed with wealth, an educated and progressive citizenry, and large RE resources, have already reached 100% RE generation. Impoverished municipalities in unwelcoming en...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Electricity |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4826/3/3/16 |
| _version_ | 1797489208564121600 |
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| author | Adewale A. Adesanya Nelson Sommerfeldt Joshua M. Pearce |
| author_facet | Adewale A. Adesanya Nelson Sommerfeldt Joshua M. Pearce |
| author_sort | Adewale A. Adesanya |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The development of 100% renewable electricity (RE) systems play a pivotal role in ensuring climate stability. Many municipalities blessed with wealth, an educated and progressive citizenry, and large RE resources, have already reached 100% RE generation. Impoverished municipalities in unwelcoming environments both politically and climatically (e.g., northern latitudes with long, dark winter conditions) appear to be incapable of transitioning to renewables. This study challenges that widespread assumption by conducting a detailed technical and economic analysis for three representative municipalities in the Western Upper Peninsula of Michigan. Each municipality is simulated with their own hourly electricity demand and climate profiles using an electrical supply system based on local wind, solar, hydropower, and battery storage. Sensitivities are run on all economic and technical variables. Results show that transition to 100% RE is technically feasible and economically viable. In all baseline scenarios, the 100% RE systems produced a levelized cost of electricity up to 43% less than the centralized utility rates, which are predominantly fueled by gas and coal. Current policies, however, prevent such self-sufficient systems from being deployed, which are not only detrimental to the global environment, but also aggravate the economic depression of such regions. Potential energy savings advance the prohibitive energy justice principle. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:13:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9039c766b9ae42af92ee20f7432763ff |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2673-4826 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:13:12Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Electricity |
| spelling | doaj.art-9039c766b9ae42af92ee20f7432763ff2023-11-23T15:56:21ZengMDPI AGElectricity2673-48262022-07-013326429610.3390/electricity3030016Achieving 100% Renewable and Self-Sufficient Electricity in Impoverished, Rural, Northern Climates: Case Studies from Upper Michigan, USAAdewale A. Adesanya0Nelson Sommerfeldt1Joshua M. Pearce2Energy and Environmental Analysis Group, New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA), Albany, NY 12203, USADepartment of Energy Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10044 Stockholm, SwedenDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ivey School of Business, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5B9, CanadaThe development of 100% renewable electricity (RE) systems play a pivotal role in ensuring climate stability. Many municipalities blessed with wealth, an educated and progressive citizenry, and large RE resources, have already reached 100% RE generation. Impoverished municipalities in unwelcoming environments both politically and climatically (e.g., northern latitudes with long, dark winter conditions) appear to be incapable of transitioning to renewables. This study challenges that widespread assumption by conducting a detailed technical and economic analysis for three representative municipalities in the Western Upper Peninsula of Michigan. Each municipality is simulated with their own hourly electricity demand and climate profiles using an electrical supply system based on local wind, solar, hydropower, and battery storage. Sensitivities are run on all economic and technical variables. Results show that transition to 100% RE is technically feasible and economically viable. In all baseline scenarios, the 100% RE systems produced a levelized cost of electricity up to 43% less than the centralized utility rates, which are predominantly fueled by gas and coal. Current policies, however, prevent such self-sufficient systems from being deployed, which are not only detrimental to the global environment, but also aggravate the economic depression of such regions. Potential energy savings advance the prohibitive energy justice principle.https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4826/3/3/16self-sufficientrenewable electricityrural northern climatemunicipalitiesjust transition |
| spellingShingle | Adewale A. Adesanya Nelson Sommerfeldt Joshua M. Pearce Achieving 100% Renewable and Self-Sufficient Electricity in Impoverished, Rural, Northern Climates: Case Studies from Upper Michigan, USA Electricity self-sufficient renewable electricity rural northern climate municipalities just transition |
| title | Achieving 100% Renewable and Self-Sufficient Electricity in Impoverished, Rural, Northern Climates: Case Studies from Upper Michigan, USA |
| title_full | Achieving 100% Renewable and Self-Sufficient Electricity in Impoverished, Rural, Northern Climates: Case Studies from Upper Michigan, USA |
| title_fullStr | Achieving 100% Renewable and Self-Sufficient Electricity in Impoverished, Rural, Northern Climates: Case Studies from Upper Michigan, USA |
| title_full_unstemmed | Achieving 100% Renewable and Self-Sufficient Electricity in Impoverished, Rural, Northern Climates: Case Studies from Upper Michigan, USA |
| title_short | Achieving 100% Renewable and Self-Sufficient Electricity in Impoverished, Rural, Northern Climates: Case Studies from Upper Michigan, USA |
| title_sort | achieving 100 renewable and self sufficient electricity in impoverished rural northern climates case studies from upper michigan usa |
| topic | self-sufficient renewable electricity rural northern climate municipalities just transition |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4826/3/3/16 |
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