The expansion of the middle and rich classes heterogeneously intensifies regional water withdrawal in China
China’s population–income structure has undergone significant changes. However, the impact of population expansion and changes in consumption patterns of specific income groups on regional water withdrawal has not been quantitatively assessed. Here we incorporate multiregional input–output (MRIO) ta...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Resources, Environment and Sustainability |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666916123000075 |
| _version_ | 1827998829988806656 |
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| author | Fanghui Zhang Liyuan Wei Yuanchao Hu Hua Yan Huwei Cui Chang Chen Zhen Wang |
| author_facet | Fanghui Zhang Liyuan Wei Yuanchao Hu Hua Yan Huwei Cui Chang Chen Zhen Wang |
| author_sort | Fanghui Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | China’s population–income structure has undergone significant changes. However, the impact of population expansion and changes in consumption patterns of specific income groups on regional water withdrawal has not been quantitatively assessed. Here we incorporate multiregional input–output (MRIO) tables with national survey data to capture the water footprint (WF) in the consumption of each income group in China by considering each group’s consumption patterns and population changes. The results show that the middle and rich classes contributed 83% (2012) and 89% (2015) of embodied water withdrawal, respectively. Among the driving factors leading to changes in water withdrawal, changes in consumption patterns and the population–income structure led to increases of approximately 15.4 billion m3and 12.4 billion m3, respectively. Households on the East Coast (EC), and South Coast (SC), as well as in Central China (CC), and Southwest (SW) were the key contributors to the increase. Our findings highlight essential water conservation policies to consider to meet the needs of transforming society. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T05:48:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9043aba21de44937abda20e4efe66a41 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2666-9161 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T05:48:47Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Resources, Environment and Sustainability |
| spelling | doaj.art-9043aba21de44937abda20e4efe66a412023-03-05T04:26:01ZengElsevierResources, Environment and Sustainability2666-91612023-06-0112100114The expansion of the middle and rich classes heterogeneously intensifies regional water withdrawal in ChinaFanghui Zhang0Liyuan Wei1Yuanchao Hu2Hua Yan3Huwei Cui4Chang Chen5Zhen Wang6College of Resource and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, ChinaSchool of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, ChinaSchool of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, ChinaCollege of Resource and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, ChinaCollege of Resource and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, ChinaCollege of Resource and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Corresponding author.College of Resource and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Interdisciplinary Research Center for Territorial Spatial Governance and Green 10 Development, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Corresponding author at: College of Resource and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.China’s population–income structure has undergone significant changes. However, the impact of population expansion and changes in consumption patterns of specific income groups on regional water withdrawal has not been quantitatively assessed. Here we incorporate multiregional input–output (MRIO) tables with national survey data to capture the water footprint (WF) in the consumption of each income group in China by considering each group’s consumption patterns and population changes. The results show that the middle and rich classes contributed 83% (2012) and 89% (2015) of embodied water withdrawal, respectively. Among the driving factors leading to changes in water withdrawal, changes in consumption patterns and the population–income structure led to increases of approximately 15.4 billion m3and 12.4 billion m3, respectively. Households on the East Coast (EC), and South Coast (SC), as well as in Central China (CC), and Southwest (SW) were the key contributors to the increase. Our findings highlight essential water conservation policies to consider to meet the needs of transforming society.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666916123000075Water footprintWater withdrawalPopulation structureIncomeConsumption pattern |
| spellingShingle | Fanghui Zhang Liyuan Wei Yuanchao Hu Hua Yan Huwei Cui Chang Chen Zhen Wang The expansion of the middle and rich classes heterogeneously intensifies regional water withdrawal in China Resources, Environment and Sustainability Water footprint Water withdrawal Population structure Income Consumption pattern |
| title | The expansion of the middle and rich classes heterogeneously intensifies regional water withdrawal in China |
| title_full | The expansion of the middle and rich classes heterogeneously intensifies regional water withdrawal in China |
| title_fullStr | The expansion of the middle and rich classes heterogeneously intensifies regional water withdrawal in China |
| title_full_unstemmed | The expansion of the middle and rich classes heterogeneously intensifies regional water withdrawal in China |
| title_short | The expansion of the middle and rich classes heterogeneously intensifies regional water withdrawal in China |
| title_sort | expansion of the middle and rich classes heterogeneously intensifies regional water withdrawal in china |
| topic | Water footprint Water withdrawal Population structure Income Consumption pattern |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666916123000075 |
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