Gut Dysbiosis and Diabetic Foot Ulcer: Role of Probiotics
Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a multifactorial disease and one of the complications of diabetes. The global burden of DFU in the health sector is increasing at a tremendous rate due to its cost management related to hospitalization, medical costs and foot amputation. Hence, to manage DFU/DWs, various...
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Pharmaceutics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/14/11/2543 |
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| author | Ankit Awasthi Leander Corrie Sukriti Vishwas Monica Gulati Bimlesh Kumar Dinesh Kumar Chellappan Gaurav Gupta Rajaraman D. Eri Kamal Dua Sachin Kumar Singh |
| author_facet | Ankit Awasthi Leander Corrie Sukriti Vishwas Monica Gulati Bimlesh Kumar Dinesh Kumar Chellappan Gaurav Gupta Rajaraman D. Eri Kamal Dua Sachin Kumar Singh |
| author_sort | Ankit Awasthi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a multifactorial disease and one of the complications of diabetes. The global burden of DFU in the health sector is increasing at a tremendous rate due to its cost management related to hospitalization, medical costs and foot amputation. Hence, to manage DFU/DWs, various attempts have been made, including treating wounds systematically/topically using synthetic drugs, herbal drugs, or tissue engineering based surgical dressings. However, less attention has been paid to the intrinsic factors that are also the leading cause of diabetes mellitus (DM) and its complications. One such factor is gut dysbiosis, which is one of the major causes of enhancing the counts of Gram-negative bacteria. These bacteria produce lipopolysaccharides, which are a major contributing factor toward insulin resistance and inflammation due to the generation of oxidative stress and immunopathy. These all lead to DM and DFU. Probiotics are the commercial form of beneficial gut microbes that are taken as nutraceuticals by people of all ages to improve gut immunity and prevent gut dysbiosis. However, the role of probiotics has been less explored in the management of DFU. Hence, the therapeutic potential of probiotics in managing DFU is fully described in the current review. This report covers the linkage between gut dysbiosis and DFU, sources of probiotics, the mechanisms of probiotics in DW healing, and the impact of probiotic supplementation in treating DFU. In addition, techniques for the stabilization of probiotics, market status, and patents related to probiotics have been also covered. The relevant data were gathered from PubMed, Scopus, Taylor and Francis, Science Direct, and Google Scholar. Our systematic review discusses the utilization of probiotic supplementation as a nutraceutical for the management of DFU. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:04:07Z |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4923 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:04:07Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pharmaceutics |
| spelling | doaj.art-904ec88436834356b0882a03e2d933c52023-11-24T09:37:31ZengMDPI AGPharmaceutics1999-49232022-11-011411254310.3390/pharmaceutics14112543Gut Dysbiosis and Diabetic Foot Ulcer: Role of ProbioticsAnkit Awasthi0Leander Corrie1Sukriti Vishwas2Monica Gulati3Bimlesh Kumar4Dinesh Kumar Chellappan5Gaurav Gupta6Rajaraman D. Eri7Kamal Dua8Sachin Kumar Singh9School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, IndiaSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, IndiaSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, IndiaSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, IndiaSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, IndiaDepartment of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur 57000, MalaysiaSchool of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Mahal Road, Jaipur 302017, IndiaSchool of Health Sciences, The University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS 7248, AustraliaFaculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, AustraliaSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, IndiaDiabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a multifactorial disease and one of the complications of diabetes. The global burden of DFU in the health sector is increasing at a tremendous rate due to its cost management related to hospitalization, medical costs and foot amputation. Hence, to manage DFU/DWs, various attempts have been made, including treating wounds systematically/topically using synthetic drugs, herbal drugs, or tissue engineering based surgical dressings. However, less attention has been paid to the intrinsic factors that are also the leading cause of diabetes mellitus (DM) and its complications. One such factor is gut dysbiosis, which is one of the major causes of enhancing the counts of Gram-negative bacteria. These bacteria produce lipopolysaccharides, which are a major contributing factor toward insulin resistance and inflammation due to the generation of oxidative stress and immunopathy. These all lead to DM and DFU. Probiotics are the commercial form of beneficial gut microbes that are taken as nutraceuticals by people of all ages to improve gut immunity and prevent gut dysbiosis. However, the role of probiotics has been less explored in the management of DFU. Hence, the therapeutic potential of probiotics in managing DFU is fully described in the current review. This report covers the linkage between gut dysbiosis and DFU, sources of probiotics, the mechanisms of probiotics in DW healing, and the impact of probiotic supplementation in treating DFU. In addition, techniques for the stabilization of probiotics, market status, and patents related to probiotics have been also covered. The relevant data were gathered from PubMed, Scopus, Taylor and Francis, Science Direct, and Google Scholar. Our systematic review discusses the utilization of probiotic supplementation as a nutraceutical for the management of DFU.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/14/11/2543diabetic foot ulcerpathogenesissources of probioticstherapeutic potential of probiotics on DFUmarket status of probioticspatents on probiotics |
| spellingShingle | Ankit Awasthi Leander Corrie Sukriti Vishwas Monica Gulati Bimlesh Kumar Dinesh Kumar Chellappan Gaurav Gupta Rajaraman D. Eri Kamal Dua Sachin Kumar Singh Gut Dysbiosis and Diabetic Foot Ulcer: Role of Probiotics Pharmaceutics diabetic foot ulcer pathogenesis sources of probiotics therapeutic potential of probiotics on DFU market status of probiotics patents on probiotics |
| title | Gut Dysbiosis and Diabetic Foot Ulcer: Role of Probiotics |
| title_full | Gut Dysbiosis and Diabetic Foot Ulcer: Role of Probiotics |
| title_fullStr | Gut Dysbiosis and Diabetic Foot Ulcer: Role of Probiotics |
| title_full_unstemmed | Gut Dysbiosis and Diabetic Foot Ulcer: Role of Probiotics |
| title_short | Gut Dysbiosis and Diabetic Foot Ulcer: Role of Probiotics |
| title_sort | gut dysbiosis and diabetic foot ulcer role of probiotics |
| topic | diabetic foot ulcer pathogenesis sources of probiotics therapeutic potential of probiotics on DFU market status of probiotics patents on probiotics |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/14/11/2543 |
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