Approaches to Combat the Polysulfide Shuttle Phenomenon in Li–S Battery Technology
Lithium–sulfur battery (LSB) technology has tremendous prospects to substitute lithium-ion battery (LIB) technology due to its high energy density. However, the escaping of polysulfide intermediates (produced during the redox reaction process) from the cathode structure is the primary reason for rap...
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-05-01
|
| Series: | Batteries |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2313-0105/8/5/45 |
| _version_ | 1827670334864621568 |
|---|---|
| author | Artur M. Suzanowicz Cindy W. Mei Braja K. Mandal |
| author_facet | Artur M. Suzanowicz Cindy W. Mei Braja K. Mandal |
| author_sort | Artur M. Suzanowicz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Lithium–sulfur battery (LSB) technology has tremendous prospects to substitute lithium-ion battery (LIB) technology due to its high energy density. However, the escaping of polysulfide intermediates (produced during the redox reaction process) from the cathode structure is the primary reason for rapid capacity fading. Suppressing the polysulfide shuttle (PSS) is a viable solution for this technology to move closer to commercialization and supersede the established LIB technology. In this review, we have analyzed the challenges faced by LSBs and outlined current methods and materials used to address these problems. We conclude that in order to further pioneer LSBs, it is necessary to address these essential features of the sulfur cathode: superior electrical conductivity to ensure faster redox reaction kinetics and high discharge capacity, high pore volume of the cathode host to maximize sulfur loading/utilization, and polar PSS-resistive materials to anchor and suppress the migration of polysulfides, which can be developed with the use of nanofabrication and combinations of the PSS-suppressive qualities of each component. With these factors addressed, our world will be able to forge ahead with the development of LSBs on a larger scale—for the efficiency of energy systems in technology advancement and potential benefits to outweigh the costs and performance decay. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:20:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-905aadabff7243d2a21bb8a025ffb8d2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2313-0105 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:20:34Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Batteries |
| spelling | doaj.art-905aadabff7243d2a21bb8a025ffb8d22023-11-23T10:04:41ZengMDPI AGBatteries2313-01052022-05-01854510.3390/batteries8050045Approaches to Combat the Polysulfide Shuttle Phenomenon in Li–S Battery TechnologyArtur M. Suzanowicz0Cindy W. Mei1Braja K. Mandal2Department of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, USADepartment of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, USADepartment of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, USALithium–sulfur battery (LSB) technology has tremendous prospects to substitute lithium-ion battery (LIB) technology due to its high energy density. However, the escaping of polysulfide intermediates (produced during the redox reaction process) from the cathode structure is the primary reason for rapid capacity fading. Suppressing the polysulfide shuttle (PSS) is a viable solution for this technology to move closer to commercialization and supersede the established LIB technology. In this review, we have analyzed the challenges faced by LSBs and outlined current methods and materials used to address these problems. We conclude that in order to further pioneer LSBs, it is necessary to address these essential features of the sulfur cathode: superior electrical conductivity to ensure faster redox reaction kinetics and high discharge capacity, high pore volume of the cathode host to maximize sulfur loading/utilization, and polar PSS-resistive materials to anchor and suppress the migration of polysulfides, which can be developed with the use of nanofabrication and combinations of the PSS-suppressive qualities of each component. With these factors addressed, our world will be able to forge ahead with the development of LSBs on a larger scale—for the efficiency of energy systems in technology advancement and potential benefits to outweigh the costs and performance decay.https://www.mdpi.com/2313-0105/8/5/45Li–S cellshigh energy densityhigh specific capacitypolysulfide shuttlepolysulfide absorbing materialssulfur cathode composites |
| spellingShingle | Artur M. Suzanowicz Cindy W. Mei Braja K. Mandal Approaches to Combat the Polysulfide Shuttle Phenomenon in Li–S Battery Technology Batteries Li–S cells high energy density high specific capacity polysulfide shuttle polysulfide absorbing materials sulfur cathode composites |
| title | Approaches to Combat the Polysulfide Shuttle Phenomenon in Li–S Battery Technology |
| title_full | Approaches to Combat the Polysulfide Shuttle Phenomenon in Li–S Battery Technology |
| title_fullStr | Approaches to Combat the Polysulfide Shuttle Phenomenon in Li–S Battery Technology |
| title_full_unstemmed | Approaches to Combat the Polysulfide Shuttle Phenomenon in Li–S Battery Technology |
| title_short | Approaches to Combat the Polysulfide Shuttle Phenomenon in Li–S Battery Technology |
| title_sort | approaches to combat the polysulfide shuttle phenomenon in li s battery technology |
| topic | Li–S cells high energy density high specific capacity polysulfide shuttle polysulfide absorbing materials sulfur cathode composites |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2313-0105/8/5/45 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT arturmsuzanowicz approachestocombatthepolysulfideshuttlephenomenoninlisbatterytechnology AT cindywmei approachestocombatthepolysulfideshuttlephenomenoninlisbatterytechnology AT brajakmandal approachestocombatthepolysulfideshuttlephenomenoninlisbatterytechnology |