Chitosan–Selenium Nanoparticle (Cs–Se NP) Foliar Spray Alleviates Salt Stress in Bitter Melon
Salt stress severely reduces growth and yield of plants. Considering the positive effects of selenium (Se) and chitosan (Cs) separately against abiotic stress, in these experiments, we synthesized chitosan–selenium nanoparticles (Cs–Se NPs) and investigated their ability to reduce the negative effec...
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MDPI AG
2021-03-01
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| Series: | Nanomaterials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/3/684 |
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| author | Morteza Sheikhalipour Behrooz Esmaielpour Mahdi Behnamian Gholamreza Gohari Mousa Torabi Giglou Pavla Vachova Anshu Rastogi Marian Brestic Milan Skalicky |
| author_facet | Morteza Sheikhalipour Behrooz Esmaielpour Mahdi Behnamian Gholamreza Gohari Mousa Torabi Giglou Pavla Vachova Anshu Rastogi Marian Brestic Milan Skalicky |
| author_sort | Morteza Sheikhalipour |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Salt stress severely reduces growth and yield of plants. Considering the positive effects of selenium (Se) and chitosan (Cs) separately against abiotic stress, in these experiments, we synthesized chitosan–selenium nanoparticles (Cs–Se NPs) and investigated their ability to reduce the negative effects of salt stress on growth and some biochemical parameters of bitter melon (<i>Momordica charantia</i>). Bitter melon plants were grown at three NaCl salinity levels (0, 50, and 100 mM) and a foliar spray of Cs–Se NPs (0, 10, and 20 mg L<sup>−1</sup>) was applied. Some key morphological, biochemical, and physiological parameters in leaf samples and essential oil from fruit were measured at harvest. Salinity decreased growth and yield while foliar application of Cs–Se NPs increased these critical parameters. Furthermore, Cs–Se NPs enhanced bitter melon tolerance to salinity by increasing antioxidant enzyme activity, proline concentration, relative water content, and K<sup>+</sup>, and decreasing MDA and H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> oxidants and Na aggregation in plant tissues. Yield was also improved, as the highest amount of essential oils was produced by plants treated with Cs–Se NPs. Generally, the greatest improvement in measured parameters under saline conditions was obtained by treating plants with 20 mg L<sup>−1</sup> Cs–Se NPs, which significantly increased salinity tolerance in bitter melon plants. |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:24:18Z |
| publishDate | 2021-03-01 |
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| series | Nanomaterials |
| spelling | doaj.art-906315c3ff0e44b5b6017ce6598d1b322023-11-21T09:47:34ZengMDPI AGNanomaterials2079-49912021-03-0111368410.3390/nano11030684Chitosan–Selenium Nanoparticle (Cs–Se NP) Foliar Spray Alleviates Salt Stress in Bitter MelonMorteza Sheikhalipour0Behrooz Esmaielpour1Mahdi Behnamian2Gholamreza Gohari3Mousa Torabi Giglou4Pavla Vachova5Anshu Rastogi6Marian Brestic7Milan Skalicky8Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil 56199-11367, IranDepartment of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil 56199-11367, IranDepartment of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil 56199-11367, IranDepartment of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh 55181-83111, IranDepartment of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil 56199-11367, IranDepartment of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 16500 Prague, Czech RepublicDepartment of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Piątkowska 94, 60-649 Poznan, PolandDepartment of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 16500 Prague, Czech RepublicDepartment of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 16500 Prague, Czech RepublicSalt stress severely reduces growth and yield of plants. Considering the positive effects of selenium (Se) and chitosan (Cs) separately against abiotic stress, in these experiments, we synthesized chitosan–selenium nanoparticles (Cs–Se NPs) and investigated their ability to reduce the negative effects of salt stress on growth and some biochemical parameters of bitter melon (<i>Momordica charantia</i>). Bitter melon plants were grown at three NaCl salinity levels (0, 50, and 100 mM) and a foliar spray of Cs–Se NPs (0, 10, and 20 mg L<sup>−1</sup>) was applied. Some key morphological, biochemical, and physiological parameters in leaf samples and essential oil from fruit were measured at harvest. Salinity decreased growth and yield while foliar application of Cs–Se NPs increased these critical parameters. Furthermore, Cs–Se NPs enhanced bitter melon tolerance to salinity by increasing antioxidant enzyme activity, proline concentration, relative water content, and K<sup>+</sup>, and decreasing MDA and H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> oxidants and Na aggregation in plant tissues. Yield was also improved, as the highest amount of essential oils was produced by plants treated with Cs–Se NPs. Generally, the greatest improvement in measured parameters under saline conditions was obtained by treating plants with 20 mg L<sup>−1</sup> Cs–Se NPs, which significantly increased salinity tolerance in bitter melon plants.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/3/684abiotic stressantioxidant enzymesbitter melonfruit qualitynanocompositesnanotechnology |
| spellingShingle | Morteza Sheikhalipour Behrooz Esmaielpour Mahdi Behnamian Gholamreza Gohari Mousa Torabi Giglou Pavla Vachova Anshu Rastogi Marian Brestic Milan Skalicky Chitosan–Selenium Nanoparticle (Cs–Se NP) Foliar Spray Alleviates Salt Stress in Bitter Melon Nanomaterials abiotic stress antioxidant enzymes bitter melon fruit quality nanocomposites nanotechnology |
| title | Chitosan–Selenium Nanoparticle (Cs–Se NP) Foliar Spray Alleviates Salt Stress in Bitter Melon |
| title_full | Chitosan–Selenium Nanoparticle (Cs–Se NP) Foliar Spray Alleviates Salt Stress in Bitter Melon |
| title_fullStr | Chitosan–Selenium Nanoparticle (Cs–Se NP) Foliar Spray Alleviates Salt Stress in Bitter Melon |
| title_full_unstemmed | Chitosan–Selenium Nanoparticle (Cs–Se NP) Foliar Spray Alleviates Salt Stress in Bitter Melon |
| title_short | Chitosan–Selenium Nanoparticle (Cs–Se NP) Foliar Spray Alleviates Salt Stress in Bitter Melon |
| title_sort | chitosan selenium nanoparticle cs se np foliar spray alleviates salt stress in bitter melon |
| topic | abiotic stress antioxidant enzymes bitter melon fruit quality nanocomposites nanotechnology |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/3/684 |
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