Nicotinamide Riboside Regulates Chemotaxis to Decrease Inflammation and Ameliorate Functional Recovery Following Spinal Cord Injury in Mice
Changes in intracellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD<sup>+</sup>) levels have been observed in various disease states. A decrease in NAD<sup>+</sup> levels has been noted following spinal cord injury (SCI). Nicotinamide riboside (NR) serves as the precursor of NAD&...
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MDPI AG
2024-02-01
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| Series: | Current Issues in Molecular Biology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1467-3045/46/2/82 |
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| author | Yan Li Chunjia Zhang Zihan Li Fan Bai Yingli Jing Han Ke Shuangyue Zhang Yitong Yan Yan Yu |
| author_facet | Yan Li Chunjia Zhang Zihan Li Fan Bai Yingli Jing Han Ke Shuangyue Zhang Yitong Yan Yan Yu |
| author_sort | Yan Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Changes in intracellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD<sup>+</sup>) levels have been observed in various disease states. A decrease in NAD<sup>+</sup> levels has been noted following spinal cord injury (SCI). Nicotinamide riboside (NR) serves as the precursor of NAD<sup>+</sup>. Previous research has demonstrated the anti-inflammatory and apoptosis-reducing effects of NR supplements. However, it remains unclear whether NR exerts a similar role in mice after SCI. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of NR on these changes in a mouse model of SCI. Four groups were considered: (1) non-SCI without NR (Sham), (2) non-SCI with NR (Sham +NR), (3) SCI without NR (SCI), and (4) SCI with NR (SCI + NR). Female C57BL/6J mice aged 6–8 weeks were intraperitoneally administered with 500 mg/kg/day NR for a duration of one week. The supplementation of NR resulted in a significant elevation of NAD<sup>+</sup> levels in the spinal cord tissue of mice after SCI. In comparison to the SCI group, NR supplementation exhibited regulatory effects on the chemotaxis/recruitment of leukocytes, leading to reduced levels of inflammatory factors such as IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-22 in the injured area. Moreover, NR supplementation notably enhanced the survival of neurons and synapses within the injured area, ultimately resulting in improved motor functions after SCI. Therefore, our research findings demonstrated that NR supplementation had inhibitory effects on leukocyte chemotaxis, anti-inflammatory effects, and could significantly improve the immune micro-environment after SCI, thereby promoting neuronal survival and ultimately enhancing the recovery of motor functions after SCI. NR supplementation showed promise as a potential clinical treatment strategy for SCI. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T22:37:49Z |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T22:37:49Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
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| series | Current Issues in Molecular Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-908e806ced9a46b4ba14a9bfaa72b4392024-02-23T15:12:36ZengMDPI AGCurrent Issues in Molecular Biology1467-30371467-30452024-02-014621291130710.3390/cimb46020082Nicotinamide Riboside Regulates Chemotaxis to Decrease Inflammation and Ameliorate Functional Recovery Following Spinal Cord Injury in MiceYan Li0Chunjia Zhang1Zihan Li2Fan Bai3Yingli Jing4Han Ke5Shuangyue Zhang6Yitong Yan7Yan Yu8Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, China Rehabilitation Science Institute, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing 100068, ChinaSchool of Rehabilitation, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100068, ChinaInstitute of Rehabilitation Medicine, China Rehabilitation Science Institute, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing 100068, ChinaInstitute of Rehabilitation Medicine, China Rehabilitation Science Institute, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing 100068, ChinaInstitute of Rehabilitation Medicine, China Rehabilitation Science Institute, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing 100068, ChinaSchool of Rehabilitation, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100068, ChinaInstitute of Rehabilitation Medicine, China Rehabilitation Science Institute, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing 100068, ChinaInstitute of Rehabilitation Medicine, China Rehabilitation Science Institute, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing 100068, ChinaInstitute of Rehabilitation Medicine, China Rehabilitation Science Institute, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing 100068, ChinaChanges in intracellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD<sup>+</sup>) levels have been observed in various disease states. A decrease in NAD<sup>+</sup> levels has been noted following spinal cord injury (SCI). Nicotinamide riboside (NR) serves as the precursor of NAD<sup>+</sup>. Previous research has demonstrated the anti-inflammatory and apoptosis-reducing effects of NR supplements. However, it remains unclear whether NR exerts a similar role in mice after SCI. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of NR on these changes in a mouse model of SCI. Four groups were considered: (1) non-SCI without NR (Sham), (2) non-SCI with NR (Sham +NR), (3) SCI without NR (SCI), and (4) SCI with NR (SCI + NR). Female C57BL/6J mice aged 6–8 weeks were intraperitoneally administered with 500 mg/kg/day NR for a duration of one week. The supplementation of NR resulted in a significant elevation of NAD<sup>+</sup> levels in the spinal cord tissue of mice after SCI. In comparison to the SCI group, NR supplementation exhibited regulatory effects on the chemotaxis/recruitment of leukocytes, leading to reduced levels of inflammatory factors such as IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-22 in the injured area. Moreover, NR supplementation notably enhanced the survival of neurons and synapses within the injured area, ultimately resulting in improved motor functions after SCI. Therefore, our research findings demonstrated that NR supplementation had inhibitory effects on leukocyte chemotaxis, anti-inflammatory effects, and could significantly improve the immune micro-environment after SCI, thereby promoting neuronal survival and ultimately enhancing the recovery of motor functions after SCI. NR supplementation showed promise as a potential clinical treatment strategy for SCI.https://www.mdpi.com/1467-3045/46/2/82spinal cord injurynicotinamide ribosideNAD<sup>+</sup>neuroinflammationfunctional recovery |
| spellingShingle | Yan Li Chunjia Zhang Zihan Li Fan Bai Yingli Jing Han Ke Shuangyue Zhang Yitong Yan Yan Yu Nicotinamide Riboside Regulates Chemotaxis to Decrease Inflammation and Ameliorate Functional Recovery Following Spinal Cord Injury in Mice Current Issues in Molecular Biology spinal cord injury nicotinamide riboside NAD<sup>+</sup> neuroinflammation functional recovery |
| title | Nicotinamide Riboside Regulates Chemotaxis to Decrease Inflammation and Ameliorate Functional Recovery Following Spinal Cord Injury in Mice |
| title_full | Nicotinamide Riboside Regulates Chemotaxis to Decrease Inflammation and Ameliorate Functional Recovery Following Spinal Cord Injury in Mice |
| title_fullStr | Nicotinamide Riboside Regulates Chemotaxis to Decrease Inflammation and Ameliorate Functional Recovery Following Spinal Cord Injury in Mice |
| title_full_unstemmed | Nicotinamide Riboside Regulates Chemotaxis to Decrease Inflammation and Ameliorate Functional Recovery Following Spinal Cord Injury in Mice |
| title_short | Nicotinamide Riboside Regulates Chemotaxis to Decrease Inflammation and Ameliorate Functional Recovery Following Spinal Cord Injury in Mice |
| title_sort | nicotinamide riboside regulates chemotaxis to decrease inflammation and ameliorate functional recovery following spinal cord injury in mice |
| topic | spinal cord injury nicotinamide riboside NAD<sup>+</sup> neuroinflammation functional recovery |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1467-3045/46/2/82 |
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