The most extreme rainfall erosivity event ever recorded in China up to 2022: the 7.20 storm in Henan Province
<p>Severe water erosion occurs during extreme storm events. Such an exceedingly severe storm occurred in Zhengzhou in central China on 20 July 2021 (the 7.20 storm). The magnitude and frequency of occurrence of this storm event were examined in terms of how erosive it was. To contextualize thi...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Copernicus Publications
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Hydrology and Earth System Sciences |
| Online Access: | https://hess.copernicus.org/articles/27/4563/2023/hess-27-4563-2023.pdf |
| _version_ | 1797384754081824768 |
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| author | Y. Xiao S. Yin B. Yu C. Fan W. Wang W. Wang Y. Xie Y. Xie |
| author_facet | Y. Xiao S. Yin B. Yu C. Fan W. Wang W. Wang Y. Xie Y. Xie |
| author_sort | Y. Xiao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>Severe water erosion occurs during extreme storm events. Such an exceedingly severe storm occurred in Zhengzhou in central China on 20 July 2021 (the 7.20 storm). The magnitude and frequency of occurrence of this storm event were examined in terms of how erosive it was. To contextualize this extreme event, hourly rainfall data from 2420 automatic meteorological stations in China from 1951 to 2021 were analyzed to (1) characterize the spatial and temporal distribution of the rainfall amount and rainfall erosivity of the 7.20 storm, (2) evaluate the average recurrence interval of the maximum daily and event rainfall erosivity, and (3) establish the geographical distribution of the maximum daily and event rainfall erosivity in China. The center of the 7.20 storm moved from southeast to northwest in Henan Province, and the most intense period of rainfall occurred in the middle and late stages of the storm. Zhengzhou Meteorological Station happened to be aligned with the center of the storm, with a maximum daily rainfall of 552.5 mm and a maximum hourly rainfall intensity of 201.9 mm h<span class="inline-formula"><sup>−1</sup></span>. The average recurrence intervals of the maximum daily rainfall erosivity (<span class="inline-formula">43 354±1863</span> MJ mm ha<span class="inline-formula"><sup>−1</sup></span> h<span class="inline-formula"><sup>−1</sup></span>) and the maximum event rainfall erosivity (<span class="inline-formula">58 874±2351</span> MJ mm ha<span class="inline-formula"><sup>−1</sup></span> h<span class="inline-formula"><sup>−1</sup></span>) were estimated to be about 19 200 and 53 700 years, respectively, assuming the log-Pearson type-III distribution, and these were the maximum rainfall erosivities ever recorded among 2420 meteorological stations in mainland China up to 2022. The 7.20 storm suggests that the most erosive of storms does not necessarily occur in the wettest places in southern China, and these can occur in mid-latitude around 35<span class="inline-formula"><sup>∘</sup></span> N with a moderate mean annual rainfall of 566.7 mm in Zhengzhou.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T21:43:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9098a33139ff4edb80081b08718b6e00 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1027-5606 1607-7938 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T21:43:10Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | Copernicus Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Hydrology and Earth System Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-9098a33139ff4edb80081b08718b6e002023-12-20T12:21:08ZengCopernicus PublicationsHydrology and Earth System Sciences1027-56061607-79382023-12-01274563457710.5194/hess-27-4563-2023The most extreme rainfall erosivity event ever recorded in China up to 2022: the 7.20 storm in Henan ProvinceY. Xiao0S. Yin1B. Yu2C. Fan3W. Wang4W. Wang5Y. Xie6Y. Xie7State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, ChinaAustralian Rivers Institute, School of Engineering and Built Environment, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, QLD 4111, AustraliaState Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, ChinaCollege of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, Zhuhai, 519087, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, ChinaCollege of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, Zhuhai, 519087, China<p>Severe water erosion occurs during extreme storm events. Such an exceedingly severe storm occurred in Zhengzhou in central China on 20 July 2021 (the 7.20 storm). The magnitude and frequency of occurrence of this storm event were examined in terms of how erosive it was. To contextualize this extreme event, hourly rainfall data from 2420 automatic meteorological stations in China from 1951 to 2021 were analyzed to (1) characterize the spatial and temporal distribution of the rainfall amount and rainfall erosivity of the 7.20 storm, (2) evaluate the average recurrence interval of the maximum daily and event rainfall erosivity, and (3) establish the geographical distribution of the maximum daily and event rainfall erosivity in China. The center of the 7.20 storm moved from southeast to northwest in Henan Province, and the most intense period of rainfall occurred in the middle and late stages of the storm. Zhengzhou Meteorological Station happened to be aligned with the center of the storm, with a maximum daily rainfall of 552.5 mm and a maximum hourly rainfall intensity of 201.9 mm h<span class="inline-formula"><sup>−1</sup></span>. The average recurrence intervals of the maximum daily rainfall erosivity (<span class="inline-formula">43 354±1863</span> MJ mm ha<span class="inline-formula"><sup>−1</sup></span> h<span class="inline-formula"><sup>−1</sup></span>) and the maximum event rainfall erosivity (<span class="inline-formula">58 874±2351</span> MJ mm ha<span class="inline-formula"><sup>−1</sup></span> h<span class="inline-formula"><sup>−1</sup></span>) were estimated to be about 19 200 and 53 700 years, respectively, assuming the log-Pearson type-III distribution, and these were the maximum rainfall erosivities ever recorded among 2420 meteorological stations in mainland China up to 2022. The 7.20 storm suggests that the most erosive of storms does not necessarily occur in the wettest places in southern China, and these can occur in mid-latitude around 35<span class="inline-formula"><sup>∘</sup></span> N with a moderate mean annual rainfall of 566.7 mm in Zhengzhou.</p>https://hess.copernicus.org/articles/27/4563/2023/hess-27-4563-2023.pdf |
| spellingShingle | Y. Xiao S. Yin B. Yu C. Fan W. Wang W. Wang Y. Xie Y. Xie The most extreme rainfall erosivity event ever recorded in China up to 2022: the 7.20 storm in Henan Province Hydrology and Earth System Sciences |
| title | The most extreme rainfall erosivity event ever recorded in China up to 2022: the 7.20 storm in Henan Province |
| title_full | The most extreme rainfall erosivity event ever recorded in China up to 2022: the 7.20 storm in Henan Province |
| title_fullStr | The most extreme rainfall erosivity event ever recorded in China up to 2022: the 7.20 storm in Henan Province |
| title_full_unstemmed | The most extreme rainfall erosivity event ever recorded in China up to 2022: the 7.20 storm in Henan Province |
| title_short | The most extreme rainfall erosivity event ever recorded in China up to 2022: the 7.20 storm in Henan Province |
| title_sort | most extreme rainfall erosivity event ever recorded in china up to 2022 the 7 20 storm in henan province |
| url | https://hess.copernicus.org/articles/27/4563/2023/hess-27-4563-2023.pdf |
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